INTERCULTURALITY IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES NORDIC WORKSHOP NORDIC COUNCIL OF MINISTERS LYSEBU, OSLO MAY 2012 REPORT

Transkript

1 INTERCULTURALITY IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES NORDIC WORKSHOP NORDIC COUNCIL OF MINISTERS LYSEBU, OSLO MAY 2012 REPORT

2 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 The cultural diversity f the Nrdic cultural cllabratin is t be strengthened. The Nrdic cultural cllabratin shall bth supprt and develp the diversity f the cncept f culture s that bth universality and quality are secured The arts and culture hld a strng ptential as factrs that can cntribute t enabling mre individuals t take advantage f the pprtunities made available by ur knwledge sciety... frm the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers actin plan fr

3 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS...5 BACKGROUND...6 The Chairmanship f the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers and the Nrdic Cuncil fcus n these themes... 6 Wh attended?... 6 What did we talk abut?... 6 CONTENTS...8 Main pints in the discussins with explanatry text:... 8 SIX RECOMMENDATIONS General cultural plicy Skills develpment Meeting places Pwer Identity The institutins investment, fcus, and guidelines...13 ATMOSPHERE REPORT and OVERALL EVALUATION

4 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 INTRODUCTION This reprt represents the utput frm the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers wrkshp Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries held at Lysebu, Osl in May The Wrkshp invited a selectin f key resurce individuals frm Nrdic cultural life t meet with an eye twards wrking tgether t develp recmmendatins fr the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers new strategies fr the Nrdic cultural cllabratin. All f the Nrdic cuntries and self-gverning territries were represented. See the appendix fr the list f participants and prgramme. The design f the wrkshp was that f fur rund-table discussins where participants were divided int fur grups t discuss the same questins, as defined in advance by the rganisers, fr a perid f 24 hurs. Infrmal cnversatins, during which the participants themselves at all times held the key rles, prduced cnstructive and varied discussins n different themes. The wrkshp was arranged by Transnatinal Arts Prductin (TrAP), Osl, in cllabratin with the Danish Centre fr Arts and Interculture (CKI), Cpenhagen. The methd was designed t give participants the leading rle frm start t finish withut keynte speakers r papers. All participants including rapprteurs cnvened under the Chatham Huse Rule. Rapprteurs: Sfie Henningsen Elizabeth Löwe Hunter Maja Spangsberg Jakbsen Hannah Kvam Nasra Ali Omar This reprt is a cmpilatin, cntaining the fur underlying reprts in an intrductry cnclusin/summary, six selected prpsals/recmmendatins and a brief atmsphere reprt/verall evaluatin. The fur individual reprts are fund in their entirety in appendix 3. The reprt will be submitted t the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers as recmmendatins fr their wrk n a new strategy fr the Nrdic cultural cllabratin, and t all participants and ther relevant recipients. 4

5 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS One f the special, unique elements f the wrkshp s success was withut dubt the make-up f the grup f participants. The vices f artists and yung generatins were represented. It is imprtant t include these in cultural plicy, in the discussin and t recruit them based n an interest in their engagement (which is tday lacking in many). Their vice finds expressin thrugh perhaps a less academic and bureaucratic language; they have anther platfrm than that f pliticians, bureaucrats and academics their platfrm is their psitin as artists; artists wh create art with heart and sul and wh thereby als in cultural plicy frums cmmunicate their views with heart and sul, and ften raise questins and bring up issues which we seldm hear abut frm thers, and which give the discussin bth added value and a fcus f evident imprtance. It is crucial that we talk with thse whm we are wrking fr... The grups had extremely different but altgether fruitful and passinate discussins. Key themes and recmmendatins are listed belw, under each chapter/theme/issue. Finally, the grups verall apprach t recmmendatins is presented alng with a brief evaluatin by the rapprteurs. The recmmendatins f the rganisers fr the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers after this wrkshp can be briefly summarised by the fllwing pints: Debate-like frums, such as this wrkshp, prduce specific and imprtant input fr the design f the Nrdic cultural plicy and cultural plicy measures and prjects. It is imprtant t include everyne in the discussin, in particular the artists and the vices f yung peple. It is imprtant t uphld a level f activity that invlves ffering and inviting stakehlders t take part in debate frums abut the Nrdic cultural cllabratin and t include all f the vices f thse invlved in cultural life academics, administratrs, bureaucrats, pliticians, the media, culture managers and prducers, artists and the next generatin wh will ne day assume respnsibility fr the rles f bth gatekeepers and decisin-makers. Such activity als increases the respect fr the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers n the part f cultural stakehlders, and shuld increase the interest in investing knwledge and experience in a greater number f Nrdic cllabrative prjects. Gatherings invlving slely artists wh are wrking with a diversity f aesthetic expressins and art frms can prduce valuable input and engaged discussins abut subjects with a nn-academic fundatin but cntaining imprtant artistic and persnal experiences. The Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers shuld in its wrk with the intercultural perspective n a regular basis and in different ways wrk with input and recmmendatins frm a crss-sectral circle f cultural stakehlders. This will prvide a unique fundatin fr the Cuncil f Ministers nging wrk in this area. The recmmendatins belw shuld be read frm a Nrdic perspective. A number f recmmendatins are naturally natinal in nature; in ther wrds, the prpsed changes must be implemented at the natinal level. The Nrdic strategy fr cultural cllabratin is t be implemented by Nrdic institutins and cllabrating bdies. It is hwever imprtant t include the fllwing recmmendatins in a Nrdic strategy, in that the Nrdic cllabratin shuld serve nt nly as a surce f inspiratin, but at times als as a criterin and cnditin fr natinal measures, plicy, and strategies. The Nrdic Ministers f Culture shuld, thrugh the Nrdic cllabratin, return hme in pssessin f natinal level visins and cmmitments. 5

6 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 BACKGROUND The Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers is creating a new strategy fr the Nrdic Cultural Cllabratin One f the themes being wrked n is Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries. The Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers aims t design the strategy in an inclusive fashin and fr that reasn wrkshps are held based n the strategy draft s different themes t illuminate ptential cntents and what significance the themes can have in the Nrdic cultural cllabratin. The Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers has frmed alliances with a number f prfessinals wh are respnsible fr these wrkshps, and Transnatinal Arts Prductin (TrAP) in cllabratin with the Danish Centre fr Arts and Interculture (CKI) was respnsible fr the wrkshp n the theme Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries. The Chairmanship f the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers and the Nrdic Cuncil fcus n these themes... The welfare state in a Nrdic perspective is the headline f Nrway s chairmanship prgramme in the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers in One f the prgramme themes is culture and inclusin; breaking dwn barriers that hinder participatin in cultural life and that can ensure inclusin in and access t cultural experiences fr everyne, regardless f backgrund. Like all ther identities, als the Nrdic identity is fundamentally diverse and cmpsite. Nrdic histry in its entirety cmprises cntributins frm different ppulatin grups. The cultural sectr is an imprtant premise prvider and factr in the debate n culture and identity. It is up t all f us wh live in the Nrdic regin t define the new cmmunity and identities. Furthermre, the Nrdic Cuncil als has these themes n its agenda, and encuraged the Cuncil f Ministers t fcus n them in the curse f The Cuncil f Ministers is therefre preparing a large-scale event at the Bk and Library fair in Götebrg in September 2012 under the banner: Culture and identity can cultural plicy serve as a tl t supprt diversity and identity in the Nrdic regin? The purpse f the wrkshp At Lysebu May, we fcused n the wrk with the strategy and f defining specific cntents and actins fr the theme f Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries. We built n the experiences with, perspectives n, and pssibilities related t cultural diversity and increased participatin in cultural life that are already fund in the Nrdic cuntries. The experiences frm the cnference at Lysebu served as inspiratin fr the frum regarding the strategy fr the Nrdic cultural cllabratin , and will be used in the cntinuing prcess f cmpleting the strategy, which will be submitted t the Nrdic cultural ministers fr reslutin in Nvember Wh attended? An invited grup f participants frm Nrway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, The Fare Islands, Greenland, and Åland. All invited participants are key stakehlders wrking with cultural diversity in a range f different cntexts. What did we talk abut? The participants tk part in fur rund table discussins intended t ffer input and ideas fr plicy frmulatin, and cncrete actins and cllabratins. The rund table discussins cncentrated n five themes designed t lead the discussins int the subject f hw we can create an inclusive arts and cultural life that is well-grunded in sciety and based n equal access t the art frums and institutins, educatin system and the cultural funding schemes, and which simultaneusly includes audience perspective and a demcratic prerequisite: 1. Terminlgy use and understanding 2. Cultural versus artistic identity 3. The institutins and the cmmunity service field 6

7 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May Affirmative actin and designated prgrammes 5. Cncrete prpsals fr initiatives r plitical actin plans. 7

8 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 CONTENTS We had a cncrete missin f defining and prducing cntent and fcus areas n the theme f Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries, which is ne f five pillars in the new strategy fr the Nrdic cultural cllabratin The idea f develping the Nrdic cultural cllabratin by strengthening cultural diversity in the Nrdic regin is nt new. The idea f a diversified and pluralistic cultural life in the Nrdic regin can be traced all the way back t the beginning f the cllabratin. But the Nrdic scieties have undergne changes and the meaning f a culturally diverse Nrdic regin means smething different tday than it did 10, 15, r 40 years ag. Particularly in the three Scandinavian cuntries the demgraphic changes are clear; this is a develpment that is als underway in bth Finland and Iceland althugh n a small scale. In the curse f the last seven eight years, cultural diversity and multicultural issues have made their mark n large natinal events the Swedish Year f Cultural Diversity (Mångkulturåret) 2006 and the Nrwegian Year f Cultural Diversity (Mangfldsåret) 2008 and n a number f cnferences, seminars and meetings, where in particular the pprtunities and need fr an exchange f experiences, cllabrative prjects, strategies, and visins fr the field have been illuminated. This was a bradly cmprehensive prject at bth the Nrdic and natinal level, dcumented in detail in a series f reprts, evaluatins and analyses. Hw can we emply the many experiences frm bth plicy wrk and frm the prjects funded by the Nrdic Cultural Fund and the Cuncil f Ministers Cultural and Arts Prgramme? What is required? Will it be pssible t create Nrdic structures, funding schemes and prjects that can meet the need fr a mre inclusive practice acrss natinal brders? Hw d the Nrdic structures and the Nrdic idea address the challenges represented by new rganisatinal frms, different methds f prductin, multicultural identities, and an increasingly greater degree f internatinalisatin amng yung peple? And hw shall Nrdic initiatives be balanced in relatin t supranatinal initiatives, such as frm the EU and UNESCO? We had frmulated five key pints t prvide the main fcus fr the discussins: 1. Terminlgy use and understanding 2. Cultural versus artistic identity 3. The institutins and the cmmunity service field 4. Affirmative actin and designated prgrammes 5. Cncrete prpsals fr initiatives r plitical actin plans. Main pints in the discussins with explanatry text: 1. Terminlgy use and understanding r what we are talking abut when we speak f interculturality, inclusin, and diversity The culture and demcracy What rle des culture play in the nging develpment f the Nrdic demcracies? What is required t ensure that cncepts such as equal rights and equality are included as a fundamental part f cultural life s DNA? Hw d we secure better availability/access t the arts arenas fr a larger prtin f the ppulatin? Hw d we achieve a brader representatin and reflectin in cultural life f residents different backgrunds and cmpetencies? 1.2. Cultural diversity 8

9 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 What des a cncept such as interculturality imply fr the develpment f a Nrdic strategy in the cultural sphere? Can interculturality serve as a characteristic f sciety, f the increased ethnic and cultural diversity in Nrdic sciety? And thereby, als as an expressin fr the demcratisatin f the Nrdic funding structures and initiatives in the sphere, that cultural life shall be representative f the sciety f which it is a part? Can interculturality as a cultural lens be expanded t address aesthetic, perfrmative, and prductin-related differences, rather than as an element in an integratin discurse? 2. Cultural versus artistic identity Hw d we ensure that each and every artist is assessed n the basis f his/her art regardless f rigin, backgrund, ethnicity, creed, r scial class? Hw can we create a mre pen, nuanced, and culturally diverse Nrdic regin, where different aesthetic and artistic expressins crrespnd with different cultural preferences and traditins? Hw can the UNESCO Cnventin s ideas abut a pluralistic and transnatinal cultural landscape be envisined within the cultural practice f the Nrdic regin? Based n the idea that everyne in principle shall have equal pprtunities t take part in cultural life, it is a given that we in the Nrdic regin must investigate hw we can safeguard a mre equal and cmpetency-based access t all levels f cultural life. 3. The institutins and the cmmunity service field What is required t prmte an imprved understanding n the part f the cultural institutins regarding the pprtunities inherent t a mre nuanced interpretatin f the task? Hw can ne break ut f 'mdus vivendi' in daily peratins? Is it pssible t find incitements that can facilitate als addressing thse segments f the ppulatin that d nt currently take advantage f the cultural prgrammes? What can cultural life learn frm the cmmunity service field, where apparently great prgress has been made in the wrk fr a natural cultural diversity and where there is beneficial expertise and experience available? 4. Affirmative actin and designated prgrammes Shall we as in sciety therwise als in cultural life wrk with affirmative actin schemes t help minrity artists gain access t the arts arenas? Or will that nly serve t stigmatise them even mre as the ther, as minrity artists and individuals deviating frm the nrm? Are the plans fr the Nrwegian secndment prgramme a ptential path frward? Can we develp mdels fr hw the nrmative arts and cultural field can be expanded, s that t a greater extent it lives up t the demcratic requirements? Hw can we break dwn the reprductive recruitment t the sectr, which mre and mre individuals are identifying as a barrier t renewal? 5. Cncrete input fr plitical actin plans Can a number f bjectives be frmulated that are t be met in the shrt and lng term, respectively? What is the tl and wh can make a cntributin individually and as a grup? Hw d we create a cnnectin between what is happening natinally and that which is t take place at the Nrdic level? Is there a need fr further wrkshps, etc. t fllw up n the initiative? In the fllwing we have made a selectin f six guidelines/recmmendatins fr the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers n the basis f the discussins. 9

10 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 SIX RECOMMENDATIONS 1. General cultural plicy with a particular fcus n the funds, grant prgrammes, and the Nrdic cultural cllabratin in general The study and actin plan (t be designed by researchers) must be lng-term A study shuld be created abut the type f intercultural measures that receive funding (analytical study). The study shuld be carried ut by an impartial wrking cmmittee f bth academics and (mst imprtantly) practitiners. In rder t ensure a legitimate reprt, the research cmmunity shuld be invlved (e.g. the Nrdic Research Cllabratin). Research in this field is whlly essential in rder t establish the lay f the land and t specify instruments cncretely, in ther wrds, mapping + analysis + actin plan Applicatin criteria Fr many applicants it is experienced as a hindrance that ne f the mst imprtant criteria fr being granted Nrdic funding is that cllabratins must include participants frm at least three Nrdic cuntries. The applicatin criteria shuld be adjusted s the invlvement f tw Nrdic cuntries is sufficient. That makes it easier t apply and mre prjects will then see the light f day. Allcatin f funds t institutin develpment. The Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers shuld establish a grant prgramme that allcates funding t the develpment and establishment f institutins, netwrks, and rganisatins, s-called perating funds where the criterin is that the entity primarily wrks at the Nrdic level, r makes such wrk a pririty Wh shall receive funding? The established state cultural institutins receive a great deal f state funding. It is imprtant t lk at what they receive and hw the mney is spent. Is it representative fr hw sciety lks? What rle can the Nrdic cllabratin play here? It is enrmusly imprtant t develp the institutins with an eye twards acquiring a cultural demcracy. The institutins must be refrmulated and their rles redefined. Finances play an imprtant part in the institutins pprtunities Audience develpment, prgramming, and cllabratin Pints are t be added t the recmmendatins frm the wrking grup fr cultural cmplexity and cexistence (Stckhlm 2008) regarding audience develpment, prgramming, and cllabratin. The recmmendatins shall take int cnsideratin the dcument Creative Eurpe (next EU culture prgramme). The Cuncil f Ministers shuld as a minimum hld annual wrkshps fr this initiative where methds, best practices, Nrdic and natinal bjectives and the relatin between these, and increased, tight Nrdic cllabratin within these fields are discussed, and recmmendatins made. It shall be called Culture in the Nrdic Regin and NOT Nrdic Culture! 1.5. Quality diversity prvides quality: The quality debate! Shake up the terms f the debate. We shall nt start talking abut the prfessinal level in relatin t this. We shall nt perate with different 10

11 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 levels f culture. Use quality as an instrument fr the preservatin f psitins, in which quality is abut artistic and rganisatrial achievement f bjectives, but als simultaneusly an expressin f experience and cmpetency within the entire cultural field, and nt least within interculturality and the realisatin f/wrk fr a true cultural diversity at all levels f cultural life. Omissin /exclusin f different grups (gender, ethnicity, sexuality, etc.) is als an exclusin f quality. Quality can be cnnected with human rights cncepts t ur advantage. This can be wrked with as a type f perceptive n hw ne wrks with quality. Because the quality cmes with diversity as well. That ne has access t a number f frms f expressin. 2. Skills develpment relevant with respect t a cmprehensive Nrdic cultural cllabratin and strategy Invest in a diverse develpment: T be decided at the Nrdic Trust level. T be decided at the Ministerial level. The infrastructure fr this exists. It is t be made a pririty and the infrastructure can be imprved Establish a Nrdic cultural platfrm/nrdic culture bank/knwledge bank Shall be an nline platfrm virtual and available t the Nrdic cuntries. Derive inspiratin frm the Netherlands and establish an ffice in each cuntry, where reprts abut prjects are stred s that the knwledge is passed n and can benefit thers when new prjects are cmmenced. Shuld be created at the Nrdic level. Als derive inspiratin frm CKI the Danish Centre fr Arts and Interculture (which culd given its nature be such a knwledge centre). Lngterm thinking shuld be emplyed fr the Nrdic measures rather than starting the research wrk frm zer; it shuld be pssible t start by building upn the experiences f thers. In the establishment f a Nrdic cultural platfrm/knwledge centre, the pssibility shall be prvided fr independent agencies in cnjunctin with the knwledge centre. The audience prjects are t be individual, but there are sme jint experiences that shall be made available. Prject descriptins at the knwledge centre shall present the results f the diversity prjects. A targeted initiative with earmarked funds fr dcumentatin and knwledge sharing. Dcumentatin f what increased diversity can ffer the cultural sphere Think tank fr knwledge sharing Establish a multidisciplinary think tank fr sharing knwledge and expertise. This will ptentially lead t cncrete plitical actins and make a difference. Greater fcus n hiring thse with cmpetency within the field, in the institutins. We have mved beynd campaigns abut attitudes. This leads t symblic plicy, because the institutins are nt ready t hire thse with the right cmpetency in the field. But it is als because there is n fllw up. At the same time, there are the institutins wh cmplain abut being cntrlled frm abve by the public authrities. What is then the meaning f freedm f expressin in this cntext? The frmulatin f directives; cncrete guidelines and measurable results requirements within publicly run institutins wrk fr true cultural diversity and 11

12 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 intercultural dialgue/intercultural relatins in the institutins. Actively invlve the different cmmunities in the institutins Platfrm fr visins n a Nrdic basis a jint magazine and wrking cmmittee. A prize awarded t institutins. Make it int a status matter. Best practice. Hw t bring cmpetency int the Nrdic cuntries, hw t explit the ptential and make rm fr diversity internally Educatin Establish a new subject in Nrdic Arts and Cultural Understanding in the schls. Intensive investment in the arts educatin institutins and the necessary changes in curriculum/art schls. Utility value knwledge based learning. Wrk fr a strnger Nrdic educatinal cmmunity in the arts educatins. 3. Meeting places relevant with respect t a cmprehensive Nrdic cultural cllabratin and strategy. Several meetings between lcal, natinal, and Nrdic stakehlders. Build platfrms thrugh which t meet and discuss experiences gained, prfile gd prductins and discuss a variety f relevant themes. (A type f annual cngress) 3.1. Cultural fair / cultural marketplace T be held every third year fr peple wrking in the cultural field, where ne can cme t find cllabrating partners and t prfile new cllabrative relatins in the Nrdic regin. Can be held in the different Nrdic cuntries Establish a cmmittee fr user invlvement/audience develpment. E.g. Nrdic Culture Fund: initiative fr bringing in new grups Meeting between the ministers f culture and cultural life A frum must be develped within the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers, where culture and the discussin abut a jint Nrdic intercultural platfrm receive cntinuus fllw-up and a permanent fcus. Nrdic culture minister meetings shuld be held where the grassrts can impse requirements and are including in setting the agenda. One theme can be hw a jint Nrdic cultural plicy can be adapted s that it prmtes inclusin and participatin instead f divisin in Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries. 4. Pwer relevant especially with regard t the guidelines fr the cultural institutins. Redefinitin f the pwer structures in the institutins is abslutely necessary. It is necessary t address the rle f the institutins in the building up/future develpment f sciety. Tday the institutins functin mre like drstps. 5. Identity relevant with respect t cmprehensive Nrdic cultural cllabratin and strategy. Art is smething that cmes frm a specific persn/individual and ften als this persn s smewhat egtistic view f smething utside f him/herself, while culture is smething that invlves and als ften cmes frm everybdy. 12

13 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 Althugh the culture is different in the varius Nrdic cuntries, the art can nnetheless be shared and applied acrss natinal brders precisely because it is the artist and nt the culture wh creates art. This shuld be the case fr all artists in the Nrdic regin, regardless f their identity r cultural baggage. Further, the artist can be characterised by r be mre interested in ne r mre specific tendency within the culture, but in all cntexts is free and independent f his/her wn culture whether this be the immediate, mst familiar culture r the dminant culture. The artist is free t persnally define his/her wn art. 6. The institutins investment, fcus, and guidelines relevant with respect t a cmprehensive Nrdic cultural cllabratin and strategy Nrdic cultural plicy tls. Impse requirements n the institutins. Set up guidelines. Impse requirements n cultural institutins. In building an institutin, requirements must als be impsed fr what this institutin shall be able t administrate. A department must be created that safeguards the guidelines. A jint Nrdic cllabratin. There are clear distinctins between the elite and the thers within the arts and culture. The elite are frequently thse wh have pwer f definitin in relatin t the arts, while the thers are thse wh represent the culture. But there is als a cmplexity t be fund here within and between the grups and the accessibility t arts r culture differs frm place t place. The institutins must take part in and uphld a cntinuus dialgue with the cultural life f cmmunity service in its wrk twards the achievement f increased diversity, but this must be dne withut necessarily institutinalising the subcultures the latter ften arise in cmmunity service sectrs. The institutins shuld be given the latitude t remain autnmus and advcate initiatives in relatin t the cmmunity service sectr. Visiting prductins are a key measure with regard t increasing activity within the Nrdic perfrming arts, bth in and between the respective Nrdic cuntries and in relatin t thers utside f the Nrdic regin. Arts institutins as public dmains must therefre functin with an awareness f their rle as meeting places fr the arts, culture, and audiences. They shuld relate t these grups in a mre demcratic fashin. In this way they can wrk t create equal access fr mre and ther types f grups in their lcal cmmunities. The institutins shuld perate with scial as well artistic bjectives. Scial arts initiatives have in the past served as dr peners fr a range f new encunters and created new meeting places. The institutins ften chse the majrity if they are allwed autnmy r d nt receive guidelines frm plitical/funding bdies. In rder t prmte vluntary invlvement n the part f the ppulatin it is therefre imprtant that the institutins are pen t new frms f expressin and receive sufficient funding t carry ut utreach wrk as part f their activities particularly with direct reference t wn immediate diversity grups. The cultural sectr shall implement the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers strategy that is up fr reslutin in Their pwer defines what the institutins are t spend their mney n in the upcming years. The fcus has been n a Nrdic exchange. Has diversity been a part f this dialgue? It is imprtant that the Nrdic dialgue and the exchange cnsistently include a fcus n interculturality and cultural diversity. Hw can an exchange between the Nrdic regin and the wrld be prmted? Perhaps prtins f the Nrdic diversity strategy need nt be slely Nrdic? Culd a ptential strategy be t include tw ther natins: that a cultural cllabratin can invlve mre than the Nrdic participants? A Nrdic artist shuld have the 13

14 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 pssibility t cllabrate with partners ther than Nrdic. Challenge the framewrk! 6.2. Guidelines fr the institutin The institutin s scial functin is imprtant in the crss-sectral wrk fr equal access, equal pprtunities, and a fair divisin f pwer. Prvide clear guidelines fr the institutins t perate in relatin t. Explain the institutin s scial and influential functin. Guidelines frm pliticians. Cultural-plitical bjectives shall prvide guidelines fr the institutin. A divisin must be frmed t secure the guidelines. A jint Nrdic cllabratin. Wrk instructins.. Are we ding ur jb well enugh? But it is als abut being able t describe different visins f the wrld als n the part f the institutin. Mre meetings between lcal, natinal, and Nrdic stakehlders. Build a platfrm fr meeting and discussing experiences, demnstrate gd prductins, and discuss different themes f relevance (a kind f annual cngress) Greater fcus n hiring thse with cmpetency within the field, in the institutins. As stated under 2.2 we have mved beynd attitude campaigns. These functin as symblic plicy because the institutins are nt ready t hire thse wh have the crrect and timely cmpetency within the sectr. But it is als because there is n fllw-up. A pssible mdel culd be t create a kind f Nrdic incubatr, which identifies, invlves, and derives benefits frm thse lcatins in the Nrdic regin where crrespnding and qualified experiences are fund. The fact that many institutins have s little interest in the recipient is prblematic. It must be seen as a resurce that develpment shall ccur within this field. Develp the resurces that we pssess. Repriritisatin f resurces must be dne. This is f curse a prcess that will take time, like the develpment frm snail mail t but everyne has nw implemented this! 6.4. Representative cmmittees. Fcus n change prcesses within the institutins. Actins targeting change prcesses within the institutins. Representative cmmittees, different expert cmmittees. This prcess has cmmenced but is utilised nly t a very limited extent and is purely symblic. 14

15 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 ATMOSPHERE REPORT and OVERALL EVALUATION Summary f cmments frm the rapprteurs The idea f the wrkshp is that there shall be n keynte speakers, wh ften cnstitute a majr segment f diverse cnferences and seminars. Instead the wrkshp is based n discussins where the participants ffer input and draw cnclusins that are therwise usually t be fund at the end f the prgramme fr wrkshps/seminars and are therefre seldm cncluded in a prper manner. There is n grup mderatr (the grup is free t appint ne); instead there are rapprteurs. A number f participants have pinins abut the wrkshp paper s questin(s): It has been discussed s many times befre that sme feel virtually disillusined. The questins/items are extremely general, and there will fr that reasn be a tendency fr the answers als t be general. The pinins were divided regarding the length f the discussin abut definitins f terminlgy befre mving n t mre cncrete tpics. Frm ne f the grups: The atmsphere was frmal and the wish fr a mderatr arse althugh there were nly seven f us. Everyne seemed uncertain t begin with because there was n clear leader fr the grup. Thse wh are accustmed t a specific type f meeting culture prbably felt that the framewrk was a bit undefined. The questins were experienced as large and verwhelming and everyne sensed that there was t little time t address s many big and demanding questins. As a rapprteur sme wanted me t be the mderatr, but I declined. I did this because I thught it imprtant nt t create t many frmal limitatins, t let everyne speak freely in the beginning t then identify the imprtant pints that they came up with. It was nnetheless easy fr me t participate in the discussins and prvide input in relatin t the theme. The day turned int a kind f think tank during which everyne culd air ideas, share wn experiences, and then make cncrete prpsals fr the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers. We did nt have time t get thrugh all f the questins. There were sme participants wh were mre enthusiastic than thers in the discussins, but the atmsphere was gd and the mixture f perfrming artists and culture bureaucrats resulted in discussins that were lively and at the same time, cncrete. Frm ne f the grups: The pulse f the wrking methd in the grup: The tpics were extremely brad. But prvided a gd intrductin fr mving n t the wrk. Having a mderatr fr the prcess culd have been a gd idea. The prcess became very diffuse. And it can be difficult t arrive at smething cncrete. Frm ne f the grups: The discussins cmmenced with a quick rearrangement = a symbl f the mandate given. Gd dialgues ensured, the atmsphere was nt tense. Mutual respect fr ne anther s pinins and experiences frm different sectrs. Language was nt a prblem and there was an penness t ask questins if ne had any dubts. The gender distributin in the grup culd have been better; there was nly ne man in the grup. The available time was used well and the grup did well in aviding slipping int tangents n irrelevant discussins/subjects. It was gd that representatives frm bth the Nrdic 15

16 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 Culture Fund and the Cuncil f Ministers were present. A lengthy discussin abut hw the different representatives experienced their daily peratins and their experiences f what functins. There was a great deal f fcus n that which actually functins r has functined, which is psitive and an indicatin f serius interest n the part f the participants. S n the whle, gd experiences as surces fr determining gd practice were exchanged in the curse f the day. Evaluatin frm the Danish rapprteurs abut the wrkshp frmat It wuld be beneficial if the representatives frm the Nrdic Cuncil f Ministers had been assigned t each f the different grups. It wuld have sent a strng signal abut the imprtance f arriving at cnclusins if thse wh wuld receive the recmmendatins were given a face. Simultaneusly, they culd have cntributed t reducing the dubts f the participants abut the terms fr discussing these issues. The flat structure f the grup prvides ample pprtunity fr discussin, but it is als difficult t maintain a cncrete structure and arrive at cncrete slutins. Because we were tld that the grup shuld ideally nt be led by a mderatr sme f the grups failed t recrd all f the gd pints that were discussed. They blindly trust that the rapprteurs will pick up n everything frm the discussins and in sme grups the rapprteur s rle became that f verbalising the final prpsals fr the Cuncil f Ministers. In such cases, there is a risk that nuances frm the grups will be lst. Can ne as a mderatr r in the prgramme have an even greater emphasis n the fact that cncrete prpsals are t be frmulated that they will share with the thers in the grup? Wuld this result in the grup taking respnsibility fr reaching a result that can be cmmunicated t thers? If there is an emphasis n dcumentatin, shall this be given pririty in terms f the technical parameters (e.g. dictaphnes at each table) during the wrkshp s that data is nt lst? The rapprteur s rle shuld be mre clearly defined s bth the rappprteur and the participants understand what is expected. 16

17 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 ANNEKS 1 DELTAKERLISTE 17

18 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 ANNEKS 2 PROGRAM DAG mai Registrering g innsjekking Velkmmen ved Åse Vøll, Nrdisk Ministerråd, g Lysebu ved Per Ivar Vaagland samt krt innledning i plenum ved TrAP/CKI Lunsj med ad hc brdplassering Rundbrdssamtaler - hvert brd diskuterer de samme spørsmål med likeens instrukser - en kaffepause ca. kl Middag med brdsetting lik gruppesammensetningen (samtalen frtsetter ufrmelt) Kveldens mingling vil frtsette diskusjnen i en ssial setting DAG mai Frkst med ad hc brdplassering g utsjekking fra htellet Kunstnerisk stimuli ved dagens ppstart v/ Hannah Kvam Innledning til dag 2 ved TrAP/CKI "Sluttfrhandlinger hvert brd har en avsluttende samtale med knklusjner - krt kaffepause kl ppsummering g avslutning i plenum ved TrAP/CKI g Nrdisk Ministerråd lunsj (valgfri) med ad hc brdplassering 18

19 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 ANNEKS 3 rapprtene DE FIRE INDIVIDUELLE RAPPORTENE uredigert 19

20 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 Brd 1 anglphne rapprtør Elizabeth Löwe Hunter Wrkshp - Det interkulturelle Nrden Grup: Anglphne Reprter: Elizabeth 1. Use and understanding f terms r what d we mean when we talk abut interculturality and diversity? Hw is it different frm multi-culturality? Is it mre dynamic? Is it smething else than different cultures side by side? What des the intercultural Nrth mean? What d we assciate with the cncept? Is it abut ethnicity? Hw t define neself in a certain cntext. The term inter-cultural changes in diff. cntexts it might nt mean the same in the States as in Scandinavia (histry needs t be taken int accunt). One definitin: Being in between different cultures. Bth being inside, yet utside f a culture. Des the term interculturality intrduce a mre demcratic apprach t the subject (culture and diversity)? Is it a way away frm the ethnic apprach? What is the aim? What wuld we like the Nrdic cuntries t be? The bjective? Sustainable Nrth, creative, yung, digital these are sme bjectives. The perfect sciety wuld be where yu dn t have t think abut where yu belng t. It just happens. (Meaning: nt having t be placed in ne r anther categry, e.g. dansker, førstegeneratinsindvandrer, anden etc.) The hard part is the penings, taking chances and risking things. Trust, cnfidence, exchange and listening t peple frm arund the wrld. We shuld critic the present t. This ideal f nt having t think abut what yu are des exist fr the yung children in multinatinal envirnments (example f a public schl) they dn t think abut it. But then they grw up.. It is the grwnups wh teach them the scial/cultural/ecnmic differences between them. It takes time fr the change t take place. Fcus n what IS wrking and hw we can expand it. Instead f just criticizing what desn t wrk. Swedish jurnalist as an example: His experience f the best integratin int the Swedish sciety was thrugh the library and literature. He was fed up with all the prjects - multicultural industry. We can get there by using ur cmmn sense.. (Chimurenga check ut n the internet!) Cultural diversity needs t be linked with histry. Put the discussin int a histrical cntext. We need cntinuity and base it s like ut in the air, discnnected frm cncrete cntext. The Icelandic ecnmic crisis led t: less talk abut cultural diversity fcus n the Icelandic peple and nt the freigners. 20

21 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 In this kind f situatin it s abut survival, yur wn. Exchange f experiences. Between rganizatins, cuntries, acrss generatins. Bridging! Listening t ld peple and nt nly fcusing n the yuth. We dn t interact (in Denmark) we shuld interact n the ne t ne level and als acrss grups/rganizatins and s n. Have there been cultural prjects including and mixing yung and ld peple? Hw des diversity get used in the diff. museums? Is the term used r misused by institutins but als by artists applying fr grants? The institutin itself shuld represent the diversity that it is requesting. But smetimes it is difficult fr sme (e.g. wmen) t get inside a certain field (here the mvie sectr). Audience develpment. There is a diff. between ethnic and cultural representatin certain criteria is put t what a true freigner is. Diff. between being black and being diverse. Suddenly a plish immigrant in Nrway is nt ethnic enugh t apply fr a grant (because she is white/eurpean?), but the Nrwegian, black girl is. Think abut in what way the idea f an immigrant/freigner/diverse identity f the institutin ffering the grant crrespnds t the applicant s experience f being a freigner. Des the criteria need t be adjusted? Hw d we achieve brader participatin reflecting the cultural diversity f the ppulatin with prfessinals f different backgrund and cmpetencies? We need rle mdels t achieve a brader representatin. We culd find thse rle mdels utside f ur wn sciety, maybe we culd learn frm peple frm the utside frm ther places mre experienced than us. The knwledge is ut there hw d yu make it inclusive? Further than just Eurpe. Bring peple wh knw stuff t teach us here. 2. Cultural vs. artistic identity Hw can we create a mre pen and diverse envirnment fr culture in the Nrdic cuntries, where different aesthetic and artistic expressins crrespnd with different cultural preferences and traditins? We need exchange f experiences n a glbal level e.g. the reprting f hw the UNESCO cnventin has been implied in the UN cuntries. Hw d independent and institutinal rganizatins wrk differently? It is imprtant als t include independent rganizatins wrk experiences in the gvernmental institutins. Wh has the defining pwer f what is diverse? The Diversity Price as an example. This kind f event wuld be mre prblematic fr artists. E.g. writers every writer gets an etiquette n them if they are e.g. wmen r immigrants. Qutas as a means f including minrities and prmting diversity? The multi-cultural price an idea f hw t get arund the diversity: Fcus n rewarding instead f punishing institutins with a multi-cultural prgram. 21

22 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 This has been dne (in Nrway) with an internatinal cmmittee sme institutins welcmed it and sme did nt appreciate an utsider t cme teach the respective institutin. In England they punish by receiving less financial supprt. Get the knwledge frm the utside! Natinal theatre getting advice frm a grup f internatinal artists it created engagement. This led t the first permanent cntract f a clred actr. Experience frm Denmark. Integratinsministeriet was a ministry keeping immigrants ut f the cuntry! This is weird cmpared t the Ministry f the Envirnment whse jb is t prtect their field the envirnment. We need spkespersns t prtect minrities. We need peple wh think differently and creatively. Praktisk spørgsmål til dem I ministerrådet: Access f knwledge: hw d yu (in pwer psitins) use. (knwledge r mney, what was the questin?) The budget is mainly used fr institutins and prgrams. Kultursektren skal implementere Nrdisk Ministerråds strategi sm vedtages i Deres magt handler m, hvad institutinerne skal bruge deres penge på de næste år. Fkus har været på nrdisk interchange. Har der været diversitet inkluderet i den dialg? Hw can an interchange between the Nrdic cuntries and the wrld be prmted? Defining the Nrdic is/can been seen as exclusive in itself. The premises are nt really inclusive cncerning the diversity gals. Paradx? - But there has t be frames fr the wrk. And what des it mean t be Nrdic? Maybe part f the diversity strategy des nt have t be Nrdic? Culd it be a strategy if a prject culd include tw ther cuntries? An artist frm the nrth shuld have the pssibility t cllabrate with ther partners than Nrdic nes. Challenge the framewrk! Idea: All big museums shuld be linked with a small ne in anther cuntry T be inspired frm ther perspectives. But if Nrdic Ministers Cuncil des this (changes the frame), peple will questin what the Nrdic cllabratin is abut. Maybe we are keeping the Nrdic idea alive. We are trying t preserve the Nrdic t guard it frm influences frm arund The scene is different nw than when the Nrdic cllabratin was initiated. The peple living in the Nrth are nt cmpsed in the same way. What is Nrdic? It is everything happening in the nrth. What shuld the methd be? Are qutas the answer? Hw d we pen up? What can we achieve tgether as Nrdic natins tgether? What can we d in cllabratin? Synergy between the natinal and the internatinal level. What culd be best? Fcusing n e.g. writing in anther way. Smene shuld facilitate cllabratins between the Nrdic cuntries. It shuld be knwn t artist that the pssibility exists t d prjects acrss the nrth. Yu (the institutins) shuld reach ut t the artists there shuld be spaces fr cllabratins, exhibitins Netwrking. Mapping. 22

23 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May Gvernment institutins and nn gvernmental rganisatins What can the cultural field learn frm fr instance nn gvernmental rganisatins and institutins ; where ne have advanced cnsiderably in prmting cultural diversity and where we can find cmpetence and experience? Ftball is a natural arena fr integratin. It is nt a set up. This Swedish jurnalists pint again: cmmn sense and cnscience is the way t integratin. What is integratin? Hw is it defined? Is it becming Nrwegian r is it learning hw the sciety wrks and being a part f it? Assimilatin is easier, it s mre cmfrtable but it des smething it is nt encuraging the differences. Assimilatin is happening. Instead we shuld embrace the new and different, it can enrich the specific envirnment. Peple are nt ready fr difference learning frm new and ther peple. Integratin has t happen bth ways. Clsed minrity theatre grups are nt prmting exchange either. Gd leadership. These discussins need t be taken by the decisin makers. Small institutins are ding well cncerning reaching ut t diff. cmmunities there is less f a pwer structure ging n. 23

24 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 Brd 2 skandinavisk rapprtør dag 1: Hannah Kvam rapprtør dag 2:Sfie Henningsen Brd t med deltakere fra Sverige, Danmark, Finland g Nrge. Rapprtør Hannah Wzene Kvam Intrduksjn Etter en krt intrduksjn av tematikken fr dagene av Eli g Niels, bestemte brd t seg fr å sitte i møtermmet vi startet i. Gruppa bestd av syv kulturaktører innenfr frskjellige felt sm billedkunst, teater, kulturinstitusjner, plitikere g skuespillerfrbund. Dagen startet med en krt intrduksjn av alle deltakerne. Det ble en frmell stemning g ønske m rdstyrer km pp selv m vi bare var syv stykker. Alle virket usikre i starten frdi det ikke var nen klar leder fr gruppa. De sm er vant til en viss frm fr møtekultur syns nk at rammene ble litt løse. Spørsmålene pplevdes sm stre g verveldende, g alle kjente på at tiden var krt fr så mange stre g krevende spørsmål. Sm rapprtør var det et ønske m at jeg skulle være mderatr, ne jeg sa nei til. Dette frdi jeg tenkte at det er viktig å ikke legge fr mange føringer, å la alle snakke fritt i starten g fr selv å fange pp de viktige pengene de km med. Det var allikevel lett fr meg å delta i samtalene å kmme med egne innspill i frhld til tematikken. Dagen ble sm en tenketank hvr alle kunne lufte ideer, kmme med egne erfaringer, fr så å kmme med nen knkrete frslag til nrdisk ministerråd. Vi rakk ikke gjennm alle spørsmålene. Det var nen sm var ivrigere enn andre i diskusjnene, men stemningen var gd g blandingen av utøvende artister g kulturbyråkrater gjrde at diskusjnene ble levende g samtidig knkrete. 1.1 Kulturen g demkratiet. Hvilken rlle spiller kulturen i den videre utviklingen av de nrdiske demkratier? Diskusjnen startet med fkus på kulturplitikken i Danmark g hvrdan den frvaltes. Det mangler undersøkelser på hva kultur er i Danmark. Danmark har liten eller ingen erfaring med å inndra pplysninger m hvrdan kunst g kulturfeltet fungerer, hvem sm får midler g m det i det hele tatt finnes nen skjevfrdeling. Det km frem av samtalen at Danmark ikke har nen klare retningslinjer, g at de henger etter i den interkulturelle debatten m hvrdan mangfldet skal presenteres. De etablerte statlige kulturinstitusjnene får mye statlige midler. Det er viktig å se på hva de får g hvrdan de bruker pengene. Er det representativt fr hvrdan samfunnet ser ut? Likeverd g likestilling innenfr kunstens mråder var et annet tema sm km pp i denne sammenhengen. Det var en sm mente at bare 20% av kunstneriske prsjektmidler gis til kvinner i Danmark hvr en annen påpekte at debatten fte ender med fr eller mt kvtering, g kker brt der. Når det gjelder kulturprsjekter med de med annen etnisk bakgrunn enn den danske er det nesten ingen sm vet hva sm skjer. Det sm er viktig er å se på hvrdan frdelingen av midlene faktisk utarter seg. Kulturinstitusjnene er redde fr å være selvkritiske. Det må bli større rm fr å si hva man har ekspertise på, g like viktig hva man ikke har ekspertise på. Mer transparent. Gjennmsiktighet. Knkret frslag: 24

25 Nrdic wrkshp 2012 Interculturality in the Nrdic cuntries May 2012 Danmark trenger mer transparente kulturinstitusjner sm våger å se på seg selv g hva institusjnene gjør eller ikke gjør. Det må frskes mer på hvrdan kulturrganisasjnene pererer i Danmark. - Hvem er kulturen fr? Hvem deltar g hvrdan fungerer kulturinstitusjnene? Hvrdan skal støtten frdeles? Burde det gis mindre til etablerte institusjner vs andre mindre aktører? Hvem skal få penger? Et eksempel sm km frem var hvrdan den danske filmsklen våget å stille spørsmålstegn ved egen rekruttering av studenter til sklen. De spurte seg spørsmål sm - - Hvrfr var det så mange etnisk danske hvite menn sm fylte studieplassene? Hvrdan vurderer vi søkerne? Hva er våre kriterier? Ved å tørre å gå i seg selv skjedde det en endring i søkemassen, sm gjrde at de fikk en mer mangfldig studiegruppe. 1.2 Kulturelt mangfld Det interkulturelle Nrden har kmmet fr å bli. Minritetsbeflkningen blir større g større, særlig i Nrge, Sverige g Danmark. Det er allikevel få med annen etnisk bakgrunn hs kulturinstitusjnene g i fndene. Den nrdiske kulturplitikken har plikt til å inkludere alle. I g utenfr institusjnene, men kultur må gså finnes der flk br. Det må legges til rette fr nye samarbeid i g mellm de nrdiske landene hvr interkulturelle prsjekter får fkus. Kultur må være med på å sette lys på de negative tendensene i samfunnet. Rasismen er på fremmarsj g fiendtligheten mt spesielt muslimer er str. En mer høyrestyrt plitisk dreining i flere av de nrdiske landene kan ha mye å si fr kulturen. Nå når nrdisk ministerråd inviterer flere aktører i feltet til å kmme med innspill til det nrdiske kultursamarbeidet har vi sm kulturaktører en mulighet til å påvirke samarbeidet fr en inkluderende kulturplitikk. Vi sm jbber i feltet må gi beskjed. Stille krav! Et uttrykk sm km pp var parachute plitikk. Dette er prsjekter sm gis penger bare fr at det er plitisk riktig der g da, eller midler sm gis ver en krt peride slik at man kan tikke av i plitisk krrekt bksen. Kulturen g diskusjnen m en felles nrdisk interkulturell plattfrm har ingen plass hs nrdisk ministerråd. Det burde hldes et nrdisk kulturministermøte hvr grasrta stiller krav g er med på å sette agendaen. Et tema kan være hvrdan en felles nrdisk kulturplitikk kan tilrettelegges slik at den fremmer inkludering g deltagelse fremfr splittelser i det interkulturelle Nrden. Det km frem at Island ikke snakker m mangfld innenfr kulturfeltet. De er mer pptatt av velferd fr alle etter den øknmiske krisen de har vært gjennm. Det nrdiske kulturfndet mangler internasjnale prsjekter med det sm blir kalt de nye nrdbere. Fr mange søkere ppleves det sm en hemsk at et av de største kriteriene fr å få penger er at samarbeidet må bestå av deltagere fra minst tre nrdiske land. Det burde gjøres m på søkerkriteriene slik at det hlder at t nrdiske land er invlvert. Det gjør det lettere å søke, g flere prsjekter kan se dagens lys. Det trengs en sterkere synliggjøring av kulturfndet med fkus på interkulturelle prsjekter. Man må vende pp g ned på den plitiske lgikk i frhld til kunst, kultur. 25