Kraner Offshorekraner Del 1: Offshorekraner til generelle formål

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1 Dansk standard DS/EN COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION Kraner Offshorekraner Del 1: Offshorekraner til generelle formål Cranes Offshore cranes Part 1: General purpose offshore cranes 1. udgave

2 DS/EN København DS projekt: ICS: Deskriptorer: kraner,fundamenter,løfteudstyr,offshore,sikkerhedskrav,brug,vedligehold Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/EN, hvilket betyder, at det er en europæisk standard, der har status som dansk standard. Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: IDT med: EN :2004. DS-publikationen er på engelsk. DS-publikationstyper DANSK STANDARD udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden. Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard eller standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standard DS-information publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en teknisk rapport, eller europæisk præstandard DS-håndbog samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materiale DS-hæfte publikation med informativt materiale Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives tillæg og rettelsesblade DS-publikationsform Publikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie) DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr. fx DS 383, DS/EN 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet at A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden. Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være IDT, EQV, NEQ eller MOD IDT: Når publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. EQV: Når publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men præsentationen er ændret. NEQ: Når publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. MOD: Når publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.

3 COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM ICS ; English version EN May 2004 Cranes - Offshore cranes - Part 1: General - purpose offshore cranes Appareils de levage - Appareils de levage offshore - Partie 1: Appareils de levage offshore pour usage général This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 March Krane - Offshore Krane - Teil 1: Offshore-Krane für allgemeine Verwendung CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN :2004: E

4 Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions List of significant hazards Safety requirements and/or protective measures General Structure and mechanisms General principles and requirements In service loads Out of service loads Failure mode analysis Load combinations Equipment and components Electrotechnical equipment Non-electrotechnical equipment Power requirements Slewing drives Slewing bearings Slewing bearing fasteners Winches and brakes Wire rope termination Wire rope anchorage Wire ropes Hydraulic cylinders Motion compensators Shock absorbers Drive systems General Pneumatic systems Hydraulic systems Electrical systems Heave compensation/rope tensioning systems Health and Safety Control stations - General Control cabin Communications Noise reduction Access Guards Controls, indicators and limiting devices Controls Indicators Limiting devices Protection systems Overload and over-moment protection Lifting of personnel General Rated capacity

5 COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION Secondary brake Cylinders Mode selection for personnel lifting Personnel rescue Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures General Testing General Function test Static test Installation test Test acceptance criteria Test load Information for use Documentation Operation General Checks before starting operation Checks during operation Crane out of service Lifting of personnel (if part of the intended use) Maintenance Inspections Marking Manufacturer s plate Rated capacity information Components...40 Annex A (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application...41 Annex B (normative) Determination of factors...42 B.1 Calculation of the dynamic coefficient Φ n by the simplified method...42 B.2 Calculation of dynamic coefficient Φ n by motion response analysis...43 B.3 Out of plane influences...44 B.3.1 General...44 B.3.2 Offlead load...44 B.3.3 Sidelead load...45 B.3.4 Horizontal load combination of the out-of-plane influences...45 B.4 Hook velocity...46 B.4.1 Hoisting velocity...46 B.4.2 Horizontal hook velocity...46 B.5 Load combinations...46 Annex C (normative) Environmental influences...49 C.1 General...49 C.2 Wind...49 C.2.1 Mean wind velocities...49 C.2.2 Boom stalling...49 C.3 Floating units...50 C.4 Thermal effects...50 C.5 Ice...50 C.6 Stowage...51 C.7 Corrosion protection...51 Annex D (normative) Failure mode analysis...52 D.1 General...52 D.2 Failure mode charts...52 Annex E (normative) Material selection...54 E.1 General

6 E.2 Verification of material quality...54 E.3 Forged rings for slewing bearings...54 E.4 Slewing bearing fasteners...55 E.5 Welded structures...56 E.6 Non-welded components...56 Annex F (informative) Control station instrumentation...58 Annex G (normative) Wire rope safety factors...59 G.1 General...59 G.2 Static safety factors...59 G.2.1 Running rigging...59 G.2.2 Standing rigging...59 G.3 Dynamic safety factors...59 G.3.1 Running rigging...59 G.3.2 Standing rigging...60 Annex H (normative) Slewing bearings...61 Annex I (normative) Requirements for brakes...62 Annex J (normative) Ranking of safety systems...63 Annex K (normative) Winches...64 Annex L (informative) Typical general-purpose offshore cranes and terminology...65 Annex M (informative) Excursion envelope for offlead and sidelead...70 Annex N (normative) Noise test code...71 N.1 Introduction...71 N.2 Sound power level determination...71 N.2.1 Basic standard to be used...71 N.2.2 Measurement and calculation procedure...71 N.3 Emission sound pressure level determination...72 N.3.1 Basic standard to be used...72 N.3.2 Crane operator and microphone positions...72 N.3.3 Specifications concerning the crane operating cabin...72 N.3.4 Specification relating to wind speed...72 N.3.5 Measurement and calculation procedure...72 N.4 Operating conditions...73 N.4.1 General...73 N.4.2 Test procedure...73 N.5 Information on measurement uncertainties...75 N.6 Information to be recorded...75 N.7 Information to be reported...75 N.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values...75 N.9 Noise measurement Test report...76 Annex O (normative) Equipment for use in a hazardous area...80 O.1 General...80 O.2 Avoidance or reduction of ignition sources...80 O.3 Electrotechnical equipment...80 O.4 Non-electrotechnical equipment...80 O.5 Electrostatic discharge...80 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Safety requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC

7 COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION Foreword This document (EN :2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 Cranes - Safety, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November Annexes A, F, L and M are informative. Annexes B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J, K, N and O are normative. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 98/37. For relationship with EU Directive 98/37, see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 5

8 Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type B standard, the provisions of this C standard take precedence over the provisions of other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. This document is a harmonized standard to provide one means for general-purpose offshore cranes to conform with the relevant Essential Health and Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive, as amended. The standard is one in the series of standards of the CEN/CENELEC work program to produce standards for machine safety. It has been prepared to eliminate or reduce hazards when used in the development design and use of offshore cranes. This standard is one part of EN The other part is: Part 2: Floating Cranes i.e. a crane mounted on a vessel or barge designed for its support and transport, primarily intended for construction/deconstruction operations in a marine environment (This is not a harmonized standard). 6

9 COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for general-purpose offshore cranes including their supporting pedestals or structures. This standard applies to cranes manufactured after the date of issue of this standard. This European Standard does not cover: a) Fabrication, assembly, dismantling or changing the configuration of the crane; b) Lifting accessories, i.e. any item between the hook and the load; c) Sub-sea lifting operations; d) Design temperature below 20 C; e) Operations at an ambient temperature above 40 C; f) Lifting operations involving more than one crane; g) Transportation of the crane; h) Loads due to earthquake; i) Cranes on seagoing vessels, excluded from the scope of the Machinery Directive. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4. This standard includes requirements for the lifting of personnel. Where National Authorities permit the use of a general-purpose offshore crane for the lifting of personnel, the crane would at least need to fulfil the requirements of this standard. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 418 EN 457 EN Safety of machinery Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects Principles for design Safety of machinery - Auditory danger signals - General requirements, design and testing (ISO 7731:1986, modified) Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles 7

10 EN 842 EN EN Safety of machinery Visual danger signals General requirements, design and testing Safety of machinery Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators Part 3: Control actuators Safety of machinery Safety related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for design EN 982 Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics EN 983 Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Pneumatics EN EN 1050 EN 1070:1998 EN :1997 EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN pren Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment Safety of machinery Terminology Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steel Technical delivery conditions. Quenched and tempered steels Part 1: Technical delivery conditions for special steels Quenched and tempered steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for unalloyed quality steels Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels Part 1: General delivery conditions Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels Part 2: Delivery conditions for normalized/normalized rolled steels Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels Part 3: Delivery conditions for the thermo mechanical rolled steels Plates and wide flats made of high yield strength structural steels in the quenched and tempered or precipitation hardened conditions Part 1: General delivery conditions Plates and wide flats made of high yield strength structural steels in the quenched and tempered or precipitation hardened conditions Part 2: Delivery conditions for quenched and tempered steels Metallic products Types of inspection documents Cranes safety Requirements for health and safety Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices Steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: General requirements Steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification Steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Information for use and maintenance 8

11 COPYRIGHT Danish Standards. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE OR REPRODUCTION EN EN EN EN pren pren :1999 EN EN pren EN :2001 EN pren pren EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN pren EN EN EN Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications Cranes Information for use and testing Part 1: Instructions Cranes Information for use and testing Part 2: Marking Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment Cranes Equipment Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Metal and resin socketing Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Basic method and requirements Cranes Controls and control stations Cranes Access Cranes Equipment for the lifting of persons Part 1: Suspended baskets Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres General requirements Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Oil immersion «o» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Pressurized apparatus «p» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Powder filling «q» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Flameproof enclosures «d» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Increased safety «e» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Intrinsic safety «i» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Type of protection «n» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Encapsulation «m» Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres Intrinsically safe electrical systems 'i' - Group II systems for gas atmospheres Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres Part 14: Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines) (IEC :1996) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-2: Generic standards Immunity for industrial environments (IEC :1999, modified) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-4: Generic standards Emission standard for industrial environments (IEC :1997, modified) 9

12 EN EN EN Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC :1995) Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 2: Requirements for marking (IEC :1995) Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators (IEC :1995) EN ISO 3744:1995 Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 4871 EN ISO 898-1:1999 EN ISO Acoustics Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (ISO 898-1:1999) Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at work station and other specified positions Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995) EN ISO Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR :1995) EN ISO Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR :1998) EN ISO :2003 ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO :1997 ISO Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles (ISO :2003) Cranes and lifting appliances Selection of wire ropes Part 1: General Cranes Cabins Part 1: General Cranes Inspections Part 1: General Cranes Maintenance manual Part 1: General Cranes Safe use Part 1: General Cranes Condition monitoring Part 1: General IEC Programmable Controllers Part 3: Programming languages (IEC :2003 F.E.M Section I, Heavy Lifting Appliances, rd edition revised Booklet 1 Object and scope Booklet 2 Classification and loading on structures and mechanisms Booklet 3 Calculating the stresses in structures Booklet 4 Checking for fatigue and choice of mechanism components, except for wire rope safety factors Z p, for which annex G of this standard applies 10

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