FRIESIA HEFTE 2 BIND XI NORDISK MYKOLOGISK TIDSSKRIFT KØBENHAVN 1976

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1 FRIESIA NORDISK MYKOLOGISK TIDSSKRIFT BIND XI HEFTE 2 KØBENHAVN 1976

2 INDHOLD Side Y. RATHAIAH and M. S. PAVGI: Resistance of species of Cercospora and Ramularia to heat and desiccation 77 W. MATHEIS : Cistella amenticola sp. nov. nebst Bemerkungen liber einige ander e Cistella-Arten 85 K. HADERSLEV: New and rare Tremellaceae on record from Denmark D. D. KULSHRESTHA, S. B. MATHUR and P. NEERGAARD: Identification of seed-borne species of Colletotrichum 116 GUNNAR ERIKSSON: Anteckningar om svampfynd på Gotland, Sverige TORBJØRN BORGEN: Mycenastrum corium på Bornholm, Danmark 135 Notitser Meddelelser fra Foreningen til Svampekundskabens Fremme * REDAKTION N. F. BUCHWALD J.KOCH * Udgivet af Foreningen til Svampekundskabens Fremme. 1. juni REDAKTION PDF scanning and OCR by N. the F. Danish BUCHWALD Mycological Society J.KOCH * *

3 FRIESIA. Bind XI. Hefte RESISTANCE OF SPECIE S OF CERCOSPORA AND RAMULARIA TO HEAT AND DESICCATION By Y. RATHAIAH and M. S. PAVGI Faculty af Agriculture, Banaras Hindu University, India SUMMARY Resistance to heat by conidia, sclerotia and/er stromata of Cercospora carthami SUNDARARAMAN & RAMAKRISHNAN, Ramularia carthami ZAPROMETOV and Cer cospora sesamicola MOHANTY was studied. Although heat-resistant, short life precluded conidia of these pathogens serving as primary inoculum. Tolerance of sclerotia and/er stromata of the three pathogens indicated possibility of their oversummering in the field in the crop debris and later in the soil. INTRODUCTION Two leaf spot diseases of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) incited by Cercospora car t hami SUNDARARAMAN & RAMAKRISHNAN (1928) and RamulaTia carthami ZAPR01-IETOV (1926) and an angular leaf spot of sesame (Sesamum orientale L.) incited by Cer cospora sesamicola MOHANTY (1958) recurrently occur in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, in severe form. R. carthami and C. sesamicola develop endophytic stromatic sclerotia near the close of the growing season, while C. carthami forms stromata without further development into sclerotia-like bodies in the leaf debris. It is believed that the sclerotia and stromata survive the high summer temperatures, serving as the primary source of inoculum in the foliowing season. Resistance of conidia, sclerotia and stromata to heat and desiccation was, therefore,

4 assessed for the three pathogens to ascertain the possibility of their tolerance to exposure to high temperature during the summer months (May to mid-july) and carry-over to the next cropping season. Survival of fungal spores exposed to moist and dry heat has been studied. The sclerotia of Macrophomina phaseoli (MAUBL.) ASHBY embedded in host tissues survived moist heat treatment of 50 C for 1 hr and became devitalized at 55 C for 10 min (BEGA & SMITH, 1962). Microsclerotia of Verticillium albo-atrum REINK. & BERTH. were inactivated at 47 C for 40 and 50 C for 10 min (NELSON & WILHELM, 1958). The sclerotia of thermophilic Penicillium species survived exposure to temperature upto 93 C for 2 min (WILLIAMS, CAMERON & WILLIAMS, 1941). MATERlALS AND METHODS The viability of conidia of Cercospora carthami, C. sesamicola and Ramularia carthami was determined by fixing the conidia in drops of sterile dist. water on thin cover glasses, exposed to varying temperatures (± 1 C), cooled overnight in a desiccator and inverted over plated potato dextrose agar (ph 6.5). Three counts of 100 conidia/replicate were averaged to determine percent germination. Uniform-sized leaf pieces of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and sesame (Sesamum orientale L.) bearing sclerotia and/er stromata within the infection spots were exposed to moist and dry heat at uniformly increasing temperatures for 10 min, 1, 4 and 12 hrs. The moist heat treatment was preferred by immersing the leaf pieces in water at the desired temperature (± 1 C) and time after which they were promptly dipped in cold sterile dist. water. Untreated control checks were maintained in each case. To determine t he viability, sclerotia were scraped loose and fixed to a slide by alternate drying and wetting, inverted over wet cotton and incubated at room temperature (24-26 C) for 48 hrs. The selerotia sporulated in dist. water producing conidiophores and conidia. Leaf pieces containing the stromata and/or sclerotia were exposed dry to constant temperatures in a hot air oven for the desired period, cooled by dipping in cold, sterile dist. water and similarly germinated for viability test. Percent sclerotial germination was determined by averaging the counts from three replicates/treatment.

5 RESULTS The c o n i d i a of Cer cospo ra cart hami and Ramularia carthami were resistant to dry heat at 65 C for 10 min and at 55 C upto 12 hrs (Table 1). The conidia of Cercospor a sesarnicola were less resistant than those of the other two pathogens, showing a steep fau in resistance to fu rther rise in t emperature aft er 50 C. They survived an exposure at 60 C for only 10. min. T A B L E 1. Heat r esistance of conidia of Cer cospo r a carthami, R am ular i cartham i and Cercosp ora sesamicota as related to ti me of exposure. C. carthami R. carthami C. sesamicola Temp C mi n. hr hr hr min. hr hr hr min. hr hr hr Viable; - Not viable. The conidia of these pathogens chiefly functioned in the secondary spread of the diseases showing resistance to high temperature under dry conditions. This indicated that the pathogens could remain viable in the crop debris through the summer temperatures (May July). Their short life of days, however, prevents them from serving as primaryand seed-borne inoculum (RATHAIAH 1971). The s c l e r o t i a of R. carthami withstood 10 min, 1, 4 and 12 hrs exposure to dry heat at 100, 90, 80 and 50 C respectively. The sclerotia of C. sesamicola were viable upto 90 and 60 C for 10 min to 4 and 12 hrs respectively (F igs. 1 and 2). They were completely inactivat ed at 100 and 70 C, when exposed for 4 and 12 hrs respectively. The stromata of C. cart hami remained resistant for 10 min, 1, 4 and 12 hrs when exposed to 90, 75, 70 and 65 C and were inactivated with an increase of 5 C in each case (Table 2). Tolerance to heat by the three pathogens progressively decreased with an increase in temperature and time of exposure.

6 gor R. CARTHAHI (ORY HEAT) 90 R. CARTHAMI (WET HEAT) e _._._. e e IO mi n. I hr. 4 hrs. 12 hrs co o \ \ \ \ 20 '\ 10r -, \ "- IO Fig. 1. Per cent sc leroti a l germination of Ramularia carthami exposed for 10 min, 1, 4 and 12 hrs at rising temperatures of dry and wet heat.

7 TABLE 2. Heat resistance of stromata of Cercospora carthami. Dry heat Wet heat Temp. C 10 1 hr min. hr 4 hr min. hr hr hr Viable ; - N ot viable. Wet heat drastically affected viability of the sclerotia and stromata alike. The sclerotia of R. carthami resisted 10 min exposure upto 47 C and 1 to 12 hrs exposure at 45 C. The sc1erotia of C. sescmicola were slightly more resistant than those of R. carthami surviving wet heat for 10 min, 1 to 4 and 12 hrs of exposure at 49, 47 and 45 C r espectively (Figs. 1 and 2). The stromata of C. carthami were re latively less resistant than the other two pathogens. They became devitalized at 50, 47 and 45 C, when exposed for 10 min, 1 to 4 and 12 hrs respectively (Table 2). DISCUSSION Resistance to heat and desiccation is important in the survival and perpetuation of fungi especiaily in the tropical regions. The three pathogens under study were more resistant to dry heat than to moist heat. Similar capacities fo r r esist ance have been dernonstrated for chlamydospores of Protomycopsis patelii PAVGI & THIRUMALACHAR and Protomycopsis thirumalacharii PAVGI (HAWARE 1969) and the culture cells of Taphrina maculans BUTLER (UPADHYAY & PAVGI 1967) and Protomyces macrosporus UNGER (PAVGI & MUKHO PADHYAY 1969). F RiIlESIA X I

8 70 C. SESAM/COLA (DRY HEAT ) 70 C. SESAM/COLA (WET HEAT) ~ IO \ \. \, 60 T 70 E 80 M 90 p E 100 Fig. 2. P ercent sclerotlal germination of Cercospora sesamicola expose d for 10 min, 1, 4 and 12 hrs at r ising t emperat ur es of dry and wet heat IO R A T U R E \ c Ul ~ ~CD "i H) "i o Il' o.. (":) o.. o CD ::l o.. ri" Il' ri"... ::l o S' ri" =:r'c1q CD S Ul ~ o... > :=.: ~ 'C o ~, Il' tt... ::4?1l' ri" CD o "i Il' C-t o ~ "i o o '::: 'C "i 00!:'.:l

9 - 83- Survival indicated their ability to resist high temperature (35-45 C) prevalent in the Gangetic plains of Uttar Pradesh and under similar climatic conditions elsewhere. During the pre-monsoonal rains the heated soil emits moist heat. Ability of the sclerotia and/er stromata of the three pathogens to resist exposures of moist heat indicated their tolerance to the moist heat in the f'ield. The sclerotia of C. sesamicola germinate during August giving rise to conidiophores and conidia which bring about primary infection. The sclerotia and/er stromata of C. sesamicola and R. carthami are released from the crop debris by its disintegration during the monsoon period. They germinat e giving rise to a saprophytic mycelium, which becomes established in the soil. Development of chlamydospore-like structures in the cultures of C. carthami, R. carthami and C. sesamicola was observed. The saprophytic mycelium of the pathogens thriving in the soil may also develop similar chlamydospores, which form another source of primary infection. Primary infection of safflower by C. carthami during the end of November indicates that the stromata germinate in November to give rise to conidiophores and conidia for primary infection. Appearance of first infection symptoms of R. carthami by the end of February is associated with dormancy of the sclerotia until January and with the gradual rise in temperature late in February they sprout to give rise to conidiophores and conidia which bring about the primary infection. Thus the sclerotia of R. carthami pass through varying adverse conditions such as summer heat, moist heat in the pre-monsoon period and the low temperature of winter. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T The first author (YR) acknowledges with gratitude the award of a postgraduate research fellowship by the Director of 'I'echnical Education, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. LITERATURE CITED Bega, R. V. & Smith, R. S.: Time-temperature relationship in thermal inactivation of sclerotia af Macrophomina phaseoli. - Phytopathology 52: , Haware, M. P.: Studies on the dis eases caused by Protomucopsis species in Uttar Pradesh. - Ph. D. Thesis, Banaras Hindu University. 193 p. 6*

10 - 84- Mohanty, N. N.: Cercospora leaf spot of sesarne. - Indian Phytopath. 11: , Nelson, P. E. & Wilhelm, S.: Thermal death range of Verticillium alboatrum, - Phytopathology 48: , Pavgi, M. S. & Mukhopadhyay, A. N.: Transmission of Protomyces macrosporus UNGER, the incitant of stem gall of coriander. - Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 35: , Rathaiah, Y.: S tudies on some leaf spot diseases of oil seed crops in Varanasl. - Ph. D. Thesis, Banaras Hindu University. 159 p Sundararaman, S. & Ramakrishnan, T. S.: A leaf spot disease of safflower caused by Cercospora carthami nov. sp. - Agric. J. India 23: , Upadhyay, R. & Pavgi, M. S.: Perpetuation of Taphrina m aculans BUTLER, the incitant of turmerie leaf spot disease. -- Phytopath. Zeit. 59: , Williams, C. C., Cameron, E. J. & Williams, O. R: A facultatively anaerobic mold of unusual heat resistance. - - Food Research 6: 69-73, Zaprometov, N. G.: Brown leaf spot of safflower. - Morbi Plantarum, Leningrad 15: , Banares, India, November 1975.

11 FRIESIA. Bind XI. Hefte CISTELLA AM EN T ICOLA SP. NOV. NE BST BEMERKUNGEN -aber E IN IGE ANDERE CISTELLA-ARTEN. lf ) Von W. MATHEIS SUMMARY A new species of Cist eila, C. amenticola sp. nov., on male catkins of Salix daph noidcs VILL. which are stromatized by Ciboria spp., is described, a new subgenus Verrucotricha subgen. nov. of Cist elia is proposed and two new combinations Cist ella luzulina (PHILL.) comb. nov. and Cistella jugiens (BUCKNALL) comb. nov. are made. EINLEITUNG Kiirzlich wurde in dieser Zeitschrift (W. MATHEIS 1975) iiber ein zen traleuropåisches Vorkommen von Ciboria acerina WHETZEL & BUCHWALD in GROVES & ELLIOT berichtet und beilåufig erwåhnt, dass die stromatisierten Kåtzchen auch "von einer winzigen Dasyscyphus Art bedeckt sind, bei der es sich hochst wahrscheinlich um eine neue Art handelt... ". In der Zwischenzeit konn ten nun die Untersuchungen weit er gefiihrt und soweit abgeschlossen werden, dass mit Sicherheit feststeht, es handelt sich um eine neue, gute Art. Sie wurde urspriinglich als zur Gattung Dasyscyphus ssu, lato gehorig betrachtet, im Sinne von KORF (1973). Nach der Konservierung des Gattungsnamens Cist ella QUELET emend. NANNFELDT (ein sp återes Homonym von * ) Bettråge zu r Kenntnis der Discomycetenflora des Kantons Thurgau. IV. Mitteilung. (Ill.: FRIESI A XI: 24-30, 1975)

12 Cistella BLUME, Orchidaceae) durch den 11. Internationalen Botanischen Kongress 1969 (F. A. STAFLEU et al. 1972) bietet sich jedoch die Zuordnung zu Cistella zwangslåuf'ig an. Die durch das Studium einiger naher verwandter Arten aufgedeckten EigentUmlichkeiten werden weiter unten erlåutert, BESCHREIBUNG CistelIa amenticola MATHEIS sp ec. nov. Apothecia gregaria, subsessilia vel plurimum breviter stipitata, patelliformia, aetate progrediente plana. Disco albido vel subhyalino, 0,15-0,35 (0,6) mm lato, extus pubescenti. Sporidiis clavulatis vel subfusoideo-clavulatis, saepe curvulatis, hyalinis, cyanophilicis, distichis vel irregulariter mono- et distichis, nonnumquam guttulis minimis impletis, 5-7,5 X 1,5-1,8 lim. Ascis cylindraceo-subclavatis, apice obtuse acuminatis, iodo caerulescentibus, octosporis, (38) X 4-5 (5,5) lim. Paraphysibus anguste lanceolatis nonnumquam furcatis, septatis, in inferiore parte subcylindraceis, apice obtuse acuminatis, ascos haud vel vix superantibus, superiore parte 2-2,5 lim latis. Pilis brevibus, in superiore parte verrucosis (non granulosis), X 3-4 (supra) /2-3 lim (infra) ; verrucae pilorum ad 0,5 (0,7) lim longae, suco infectoris caeruleo pro lina xylino (C. I. No ) profunde caerulescentes. Excipulum a textura prismatica (supra) ad texturam subglobulosam transeuns. Habitatio in amentis masculinis Salicis daphnoidis anni praeteriti dejectis Ciboriae generis speciebus (C. acerina et C. caucus) stromatisatis, mensibus Martio et Aprili interdum Februario crescit. Haec species Cistellae acuum similis sed differt substrato, paraphysibus latioribus (non cylindraceis) et leviter lanceolatis, pilis nongranulosis sed verrucosis et verrucis profunde caerulescentibus. Leealitas typi: GrUtried prope Wångi, Thurgovia, Helvetia. Holotypus in herbario meo sub numero WM 387. Isotypi in herbariis sequentibus: Herbarium der Pflanzenpathologischen Abteilung der Kgl. Veterinar- und Landwirtschaftsuniversitåt, Kopenhagen (CP), Plant Pathology Herbarium, Ithaca (CUP), The Herbarium, Kew (K), Rijksherbarium, Leiden (L), Institute for Zoology and Botany, Tartu (TAA), Institut fiir Spezielle Botanik EHT, Zlirich (ZT), Herbarium am Naturhistorischen Museum des Kantons Thurgau in Frauenfeld TG.

13 Fig. 1. Oi stella amenticola sp. nov. Apothezien auf må n nliche n Blutenkatzen von Sali x daphnoides VILL. - X 7. Apothezien herdenweise (Fig. 1 ), fast sitzend oder hochstens kurz gestielt (Stiel dann 0,02-0,03 mm hoch und 0,05-0,07 mm breit), zur Basis hin, besonders im Jugendstadium, immer konisch versohmalert schusselformig, spater flach-schiisselforrnig bis flach. Scheibe weisslich, zur Mitte hin fa st hyalin, 0,15-0,35 (0,6) mm breit. Rand und Aussenseite flaumig (Fig. 2). Sporen keulig bis spindelig-keulig (Fig. 3a), farblos, cyanophil, einreihig oder unregelmåssig ein - bis zweireihig gelagert, bisweilen mit kleinen bltr6pfchen, 5-7,5 X 1,5-1,8-pm gross. Asci zylindrisch-keulig, oben stumpf zugespit zt (F ig. 3b), J +, 8-sporig, (38) X 4-5 (5,5),um gr oss. Paraphysen schmal lanzettlich, zuweilen ver zweigt, septiert, im unteren Teil nahezu zylindrisch und 1-1,2 pm dick, im oberen Drittel auf 2-2,5 pm verbreitert (Fig. 3c) und stumpf zugespitzt, die Asci nicht oder kaum liberragend. Haare kurz, X 3-4 (oben) bzw. 3-4,uro (unten). In der oberen Hålfte ausgesprochen warzig (nicht gra nuliert ; nur bei starker Vergrosserung und olimmersion zu sehen, Fig. 3d); die Warzen sind bis 0,5 (-0,7),um lang und la ssen sich mit Baumwollblau (C. L Nr ) in Lactophenol oder Milchsåure stark arifårben. E xcipulum im marginalen Teil aus t. prismatica, Zelle n 6-10 (14) X 3-4,um, nach unte n

14 Fig. 2. Cistella amenticola sp. nov. Einzelne Apothezien. - x 60. Zellen bald quadratisch, zur Basis hin mit mehr oder weniger gerundeten Ecken (t. subglobulosa), Zellen 5-8 (10) pm ø (Fig. 3e). Vorkommen : Auf månnlichen Kåtzhen von Salix daphnoides VILL., die durch Arten der Gattung Ciboria stromatisiert sind (C. acerina und C.caucus)*). Mårz und April, teilweise auch schon im Februar. Typus-Lokalitåt: Grlitried bei Wångi, Kanton Thurgau, Schweiz. Typus-Wirt: Salix daphnoides VILL. Typus: Holotypus in meinem Herbar unter Nr. WM 387 (leg. W. M ). Teile der Typus-Kollektion sind in den in der lateinischen Diagnose angegebenen Herbarien aufbewahrt. Dieser Art åhnlich ist Cistelia acuum (ALB. et SCHW. ex FR.) SVRCEK, von der sie sich aber durch das Substrat, die aben verbreiterten, schmal lanzettlichen Paraphysen, sowie durch die andere Art der Haare, die nicht granuliert, sondern mit feinen, durch Baumwollblau (C. L Nr ) stark anfårbbaren Warzchen besetzt sind, unterscheidet. Noch åhnlich in der Struktur ist Cistelia luzulina (PHILL). comb. nov. *) Unter Ciboria caucus (REBENT. ex. FR.) FUCKEL wird d i e kåtzchenbewohnende Ciboria-Art verstanden, deren ektales Excipulum zwar aus t. globulosa aufgebaut ist, die aber ihrerseits wieder von einer 3-5 lagigen Deckschicht paralleler Hyphen bedeckt ist. Sie wurde bisher von mir auf månnliehen Kåtzchen von Salix spp, und Alnus glutinosa beobachtet, mit Sporen X 5,5-6,6 mikrometer. Zu Ciboria amentacea (BALBIS ex FR.) FuCKEL rechne ich die etwas heller braune und schmåchtigere Ciboria-Art auf Kåtzchen von Corylus avellana, mit reiner t. globulosa, also ohne Deckschicht, mit Sporen 9-13 X 4,5-6 mikrometer. Davon zu unterscheiden ist die ebenfalls auf Corylus-Katzchen vorkommende dunkler braune, kraftigere Cibora coryli (SCHELLENB.) BUCHWALD mit wesentlich grosseren Sporen, nåmlich 12,5 X 6-7,5 mikrometer.

15 Fig. 3. Ci stella amenticola sp. no v. a. Ascosporen; b. Asci; c. Paraphysen; d. Randhaare mi t marginalem Teil des Excipulums (e.); f. Querschnitt du rch einzelne Apothezien. a-e X 600 ; f X 60. CistelJa luzulina (P HILL.) comb. nov. Basionym: Peziza Zuzulina PHILL. in Grevillea 4: 121 (1875). Synonyme: LachnelZa Zuzulina (PHILL.) PHILL. in A Manual of British Discomycetes, p. 244 (1887), Dascyscyphus luzuzinus (PHILL.) DENNIS et MULLER in Sydowia 21: 144 (1967). E. MULLER (1967) hat eine ausgezeichnete Beschreibung von dieser Art gegeben. Sie hat gegenliber C. amenticoza Hingere Sporen und Asci und ist ebenfalls durch das Substrat verschieden. Beiden Arten gemeinsam ist jedoch die Art der Haare, die im oberen Teil mit kleinen Wårzchen ("H6ckerchen") besetzt sind. Es erscheint sinnvoll, die Cist elza-arten, mit an der Spitze warzigen Haaren, in einer eigenen Untergattung zusammenzufassen, weil sie eine natlirliche Gruppe bilden, die sich deutlich von der anderen Cistella-Arten unterscheidet: Cist elza QuELET emend. NANNFELDT subgenus Verrucotricha MA THEIS subgen. nov. Diagnose: Pili in parte superiore verrucosi non granulosi. Typus subgeneris: Cist elia amenticola MATHEIS spec. nov., in hoc opere descriptus est. DISKUSSION Die Gattung CistelZa QuELET (1886) wurde von NANNFELDT (1932) emendiert, mit Cistelia dentata (PERS. ex FR.) QUELET als Lectotypus. NANNFELDT fasste damit (p. 267) "eine Reihe kleiner, heller, holz-

16 bewohnender Arten zusammen, die einzellige Sporen haben und ein Excipulum besitzen, das aus mehr oder weniger prismatischen Zellen mit hyalinen Wånden aufgebaut ist. Selten sind die Wånde der basalen Zellen schwach gelb oder braun. Nach dem Margo gehen von dem Excipulum zahlreiche hyaline, ungefåhr gleichmassig dicke, diinnwandige, stumpfe Haare aus, die oft eine unebene, papillose Membran haben". Die Beschrånkung auf holzbewohnende Arten scheint etwas eingeengt, denn es gibt Arten, die zwar dem Typus entsprechen, aber auf anderem pflanzlichen Substrat gedeihen. DENNIS (1949) hatte mit C. stereieola (COOKE) DENNIS schon eine etwas breitere Auffassung, wie neuerdings auch A. RAITVIIR (1970; a.s Clavidisculum ) mit graserbewohnenden Arten, der ich mich auch grundsåtzlich anschliesse. Auf die Schwierigkeiten der Abgrenzung gegenuber den "reduzierten Dasyseyphus-Arten" hat DENNIS schon mehrfach hingewiesen (R. W. G. DENNIS 1963; 1968). Eine monographische Bearbeitung der Gattung Cistella wåre daher dringend notwendig. Bei der Zuordnung der neubeschriebenen Art konnten die Gat,ungen Diseoeistella SVRCEK (M. SVRCEK 1962) sowie Clavidiseulum KIRSCHSTEIN (W. KIRSCHSTEIN 1938), rekonstituiert durch A. RAITVTIR (1970), aus taxonomischen GrUnden nicht berucksichtigt werden. UNTERSUCHTE KOLLEKTIONEN CistelIa amenticola MATHEIS sp. nov. WM 214, Grtitried bei Wångi, Kanton Thurgau, Schweiz, leg. W.M ; WM 235, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 373, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 387 (Typus), gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 501, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 506, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM zusammen mit Ciboria eaueus - gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM zusammen mit Ciboria eaueus - Littenheider Weiher, Wiezikon bei Sirnach, Kanton Thurgau, Schweiz, leg. W.M ; WM 511, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 525, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 625, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM zusammen mit Ciboria eaueus - Grtitried bei Wångi, Kanton Thurgau, Schweiz, leg. W.M ; WM zusammen mit Ciboria acerina - gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ;

17 WM zusamrnen mit C. acerina + C. caucus auf e i n e m Katzchen l - gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 629, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M CistelIa acuum (ALB. et SCHW. ex FR.) SVRCEK M. SVRCEK Sy nonyme : Clavidisculum acuum (ALB. et SCHW. ex FR.) RAITVIlR in Scripta Mycologic a (Tartu) 1 : 76 (1970), Clavi disculum kriegerianum KIRSCHSTEIN in An n. Mycol. 36 : 379 (1938). Weitere Sy nony me siehe R. W. G. DENNIS (1949) und M. SVRCEK (1962 ). Die Granulierung ist nicht immer auf den obern Teil des Haares beschrå nkt. Teilweise (Apothezien der gleich en Nadel) ist auch da s gesamte Haar zerstreut gra nuliert. Ausser auf A bies und Picea wird auch vom Vorkommen auf Pinus berichtet (J. GREMMEN 1957). Viel leicht handelt es sich auch um eine Sammelart, die doch des nåheren Studiums bedarf. Auf Abies alba MILL. (hauptsåchlich auf Nadeln, gelegentlich auf Zweigen). Ascosporen 4-5 X 1-1,2 (1,4) pm, immer mit 2 winzigen oltropfchen, WM 513, Gåhwil, Kt. St. Gallen, 860 m, leg. W.M (oft in Begleitung von Klasterskya acuum (MOUT.) PETRAK (1940), Syn. Lentomita acuum MOUT. (det. J. GREMMEN) ; "VM 529, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M ; WM 602, Bettwiesen, Kt. Thurgau, Schweiz, leg. W.M Auf Picea abies (L.) KARST., Nadeln. ex ZT: Regensberg, Kt. Ziirich, leg. G. OUELLETTE und. E. MULLER ; WM 599, Bettwiesen, Kt. Thurgau, leg. W.M ; ex B: Konigstein, Såchs. Schweiz, leg. W. KRIEGER (Typus von Clavidisculum krie gerianum KIRSCHSTEIN). Die Haare sind mit X 4 (unten) bzw. 5 pm (oben) etwas kiirzer als die der anderen Kollektionen mit (30) X 4-5 pm, ebenso sind die Asci mit X 4-5 pm etwas kleiner gegeniiber der anderen mit X 4-5 p m (WM 599) bzw X 4-4,5 p m (WM 513). Da jedoch die Apothezien der KRIEGERSchen Kollektion nicht vollig' ausgereift erscheinen, und die iibrigen Merkmale vollig iibereinstimrnen, sehe ich keinen Grund, unter Clavidisc ulum krie gerianum etwas anders al s Cistella acuum zu sehen.

18 - 92- Cis telia iugiens (BUCKNALL) comb. nov. Basionym: Peziza fug iens BUCKNALL in Proc. Bristol Nat. ScL 3: 137 (1881). Synonyme: Clavidisculum fugiens (BUCKNALL) RAITvm in Acta Mycologia (Tartu) 1: 77 (1970). Discocistella fugiens (BUCKNALL) SVRCEK in Ceska Mykol. 16: (1962); weitere Synonyme siehe DENNIS (1949) und SVRCEK (1962). Bei den untersuchten Kollektionen farben sich die Spitzen der Haare mit Trypanblau in Glyzerin-Puffer nach CLEMEN90N (1972) tiefblau, Es wåre an Hand von umfangreicherem Material abzuklåren, ob es sich hierbei um eine konstante und tiberdies um eine charakteristische Eigenschaft handelt. Auf Eriophorum vaginatum L. (Halme, Borstenbusehel. Samen). WM 339, Hochmoor Torfstich, Wtirzbach Kr. Calw, BRD, leg. W.M ; WM 378, gleiche Lokalitåt, leg. W.M Auf Juncus ef/usus L. (Halme). WM 639, TribergjSchwarzwald, Mosenbach, BRD, leg. W.M FUr wertvolle Hinweise und Anregungen danke ich den Herren Dr. R. W. G. DENNIS, Kew, Prof. R. P. KORF, Ithaca und Dr. A. RAITVIIR, Tartu sehr herzlich. FUr die Ausleihe von Herbarmaterial gilt mein besonderer Dank den Direktoren der Herbarien des Botanischen Gartens und Botanischen Museums in Berlin-Dahlem (B) und des Instituts f'tir Spezielle Botanik an der ETH ZUrich (zt), den Herren Dr. E. HORAK und Prof. E. MULLER, ZUrich fur die Vermittlung des Typus-Haterials aus der Sammlung KIRSCHSTEIN, sowie Herrn Dr. J. GREMMEN, Wageningen fur die Bestimmung von Lentomito. acuum. LITERATUR Clemencon. H. (1972): Zwei verbesserte Pråparierlosungen fur die mikroskopische Untersuchung von Pilzen. - Z. Pilzk. 38: Dennis, R. W. G. (1949): A revision of the British Hyaloscyphaceae with notes on related European species. - Myc. Papers 32: (1963): Aredisposition of some Fungi ascribed to the Hyaloscyphaceae. - Kew Bull. 17: (1968) British Ascomycetes. - Lehre; p Gremmen, J. (1957): Microfungi decomposing organic remains of pines. Fungus 27:

19 Kirschstein, W. (1938): trber neue, seltene und kritische Ascomyceten und Fungi imperfecti. - Ann. Mycol. 36: Korf, R. P. (1973): Discomycetes and 'I'uberales, Kap. IX in G. C. AINS WORTH, F. K. SPARROW & A. S. SUSSMAN (edts.): The Fungi. An Advanced Treatise, Vol. IV A. - New York and London. Matheis, W. (1975) :uber ein zentraleuropåtsches Vorkommen von Ciboria aceri n a auf månnlichen Kåtzchen von Salix daphnoides VILL. Friesia 11: Miiller, E. Neufunde von Hyaloscyphaceae in den Alpen. - Sydowia 21: Nannfeldt, J. A. (1932): Studien uber die Morphologie und Systematik der nicht-lichenisierten inoperculaten Discomyceten. - Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Ups., Ser. IV, 8: 1-368; p Petrak, F. (1940 ) : Bettråge zur Kenntnis der Pilzflora der Umgebung von Lunz am See und des Durrenstems in Niederdonau. - Ann. Mycol. 38: Quelet, L. (1886) : Enchiridion fungorum in Europa Media et praesertim in Gallia vigentium (p. 319). - Paris. Raitviir, A. (1970): Synopsis of the Hyaloscyphacea. - Scripta Mycol. (Tartu) 1: Stafleu, F. A. et al (1972) : International Code of Botanic Nomenclature. - Utrecht. Svrcek, M. (1959): Vysledky mykologtckeho vyzkumu Cech za rok Ceska Mykol. 13: (1962) : O rodu Discocistella gen. nov. a nekterych jeho druzich. - Ceska Mykol. 16: Wil SG, Schweiz, September 1976.

20 FRIESIA. Bind XI. Hefte NEW AND RARE TREMELLACEAE ON RECORD FROM DENMARK By K. HAUERSLEV SUMMARY A new genus and nine new species are proposed: Sebaeinella n. gen., Sebacinella nodosa n. sp. and eit rispora n. sp.; Sebaeina evaneseens n. sp., fungieola n. sp., longispora n. sp., polyporophaga n. sp., pulverulenta n. sp., subfarinacea n. sp. and Xenolaehne longieornis n. sp. The following species are new to Denmark : Oliveonia pauxilla (JACKS.) DONK, Protodontia subgelatinosa (KARST.) PIL., Sebaeina»ermiiera OBERW. and Stypella papillata MOLLER. A second find of Sebaeina mierobasidia CHRIST. & HAUERSL. is deseribed and illustrated. It is considered necessary to erect a new genus, Sebacinella (the name is proposed by JOHN Eriksson), to accomodate the two new species, Sebaeinella nodosa and S. citrispora. A species of Xenolaehne was identified with the help of ROB. J. BANDON!. Comparision with the type, X. flagellifera) proved the fungus in question, X. lonqicornis, to be new to science. It grows especially on Cudoniella clavus (ALB. & SCHW. ex FR.) DENNIS (determination by H. DISSING). The Danish finds of Sebaeina with spores of a ealospora type" could be divided in four species: Sebaeina pulverulenta n. sp. is provided with gloeocystidia, Seb. longispora n. sp. has clamps at all septa, Seb. ealospora (B. & G.) B. & G. has no damps (the type of this. species was not available) and Seb. evanescens n. sp. Sebaeina subfarinacea n. sp. is two-spored and provided with cystidia. Two new parasitical species are proposed: Sebaeina polyporophaga on Tyromyces eaesius (SCHRAD. ex FR.) MURR. and Sebaeina fungieola on Mollisia cinerea (BATSCH ex MERAT) KARST

21 A secon d find of Sebacina microbasidia CHRIST. & HAUERSL. (1959) is described, and four species are recorded as new to Denmark : Oliveonia pauxilla (J ACKS.) DONK, Protodontia subgelat inosa (KARST). PIL., Sebacina vermijera OBERW. and Stypella papillata MOLLER. The types of Sebacina prolijera ROG. and X enozachne jlagellijera ROG. are illustrated. Geographicallocalities. B = Bornholm; J = Jylland ; S = Sjælland ; L = Lolland ; X = Samsø. Sebacinella K. HAUERSLEV n. gen. Fructificatio resupinata, tenuis. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, nodulosi-septatae, in parte subhymenii indistinctae, in parte basili cylindraceae. Basidia subclavata vel cylindracea, interdum fle xuosa vel subglobosa, 4 sterigmatibus. Basidiosporae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, per repetitionem germinantes, non-amyloideae. Genot y pus: Sebacinella nodosa HAUERSLEV. Fruit-body resupinate, thin. Hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, with clamp-connections more or less indistinct, the basal hyphae cylindrical. Basidia subclavata to cylindrical, sometimes flexuous or subglobose, with 4 sterigmata. Spores hyaline, thin-walled, non-amyloid, forming secondary spores. Sebacinella nodosa n. sp. Fig. l. Fructificatio resupinata, tenuissima, ceraceo-pruinosa, grisea. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, subhymeniales indistinctae, basales paucae, cylindraceae, noduloso-septatae, 2-3,5- (4) /-liatae. Basidia brevi-cylindracea, 8,5-15 X 5-7 u, 4 sterigmata gerentia. Sporae hyalinae, ovatae vel subglobosae, (4) -4,5-6- (7) X (3,5) -4-5 u, tunicis tenuibus, laevibus, lateraliter apiculatae, non-amyloideae, per repetitionem germinantes. Fruit-body resupinate, very thin, waxy-pruinose, greyish; no margin. Hyphae not easily distinguished, thin-walled, hyaline, few basal cylindrical hyphae, nodulose-septate, 2-3,5- (4) /-l broad. Basidia shortcylindrical with clamps at the base, 8,5-15 X 5-7 u, bearing 4 ste-

22 Fig. 1. Se bacinella nodosa n. sp. a. H yphae; b. B asidia ; c. Spores. - X Coll rigmata about 4,5 X 1 Il. Spores ovate to subglobose, one side often somewhat flattened, (4)-4,5-6-(7) X (3,5)-4-5 Il, thin-walled, smooth, apiculate, non-amyloid, forming secondary spores. On bark of coniferous and broadleaf trees. Collections: On L arix. ( J), Bjerre Skov, Oet. 13, 1963; KR 2964 (t ype) On Pic ea, (S), 0rholm, Nov. 11, 1967 ; KH 2887 On li'agus? (S), Holte, Oet. 23, 1970; KH 3730 On dead wood. (S), Geel Skov, Oet. 20, 1973; KH 4745 On dead wood. (S), Korsør Skov, N ov. 16, 1974 ; KH 4854 Sebacinella citrispora n. Sp. Fig. 2. Fructificatio resupinata, tenuissima, ceraceo-pruinosa, grisea. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, indistinctae vel cylindraceae, 2-3 Il latae. Basidia ovata, X 7-10 Il, basi noduloso-septata, 4 sterigmata gerentia. Sporae citriforrnes, hyalinae, 7-10 X (5) (8) Il, non-amyloideae, per repetitionem germinantes. Fruit-body very thin, waxy-pruinose, greyish ; no margin. Hyphae thin-walled, hyaline, indistinct, few cylindrical 2-3 Il broad, with clamps. Basidia ovate, X 7-10 Il, subtended by a clamp, bearing 4 sterigmata about 6 X 1,5 Il. Spores citriforme, thin-walled, smooth, with blunt apiculus, 7-10 X (5)-6-7-(8) Il, non-amyloid, forming secondary spores.

23 - 97 Fig. 2. Sebacinella citrispora n. sp. a. Hyphae; b. Basida; c. Spores. X Coll On bark of broadleaf tree. Collection: On bark of F agu8 (?). (B), Sandflugtskoven, Sept. 9, 1973 ; KH 4635 (type ). Sebacina TUL. Key to species of Sebacina 1. Spores X 1,5-2,5 f-l 1. S.»ermiiera Spores X 3-7 f-l 2 Spores smaller 5 2. Gloeocystidia present S. pulverulenta Gloeocystidia lacking 3 3. Lower hyphae up to 5-(8) f-l broad, clamps present S. longispora Lower hyphae up t o 4,5 f-l broad, clamps lacking 4. S. calospora Lower hyphae not more than 2,5 f-l broad Sub-basidial hyphae broadened (trumpetshaped) 6. S. prolifera Not so '. 5. S. ev anescens 5. Cystidia present 7. S. subfarinacea Cystidia lacking 6 6. On wood 8. S. microbasidia On Tyromyces caesiu s 9. S. polyporophaga On Mollisia 10. S. fungicola FR I ES IA XI

24 Fig.3. No fruit-body visible. Hyphae thin-walled, 1-3-(5,5) /1, with few clamps. Basidia ovate to subglobose, 9-11 X 7,5-8,5 /1, becoming (2)-4-celled by longitudinal division. Sterigmata 6-21/1 long, 1,5 2,5 /1 thick, often bifurcate. Spores hyaline, filiform, X 1,5-2,8/1, sometimes with one or two septa. 1. Sebacina vermifera OBERW., Nova Hedwigia 7: 495, Fig. 3. 8ebacina vermijera OBERW. a. Hyphae; b. Basida; c. Spores. The species has not been reported from Denmark before. KH On rotten wood of Betula. (S), Halskov, Sept. 15, 1974; Collections: In Botryobasidiu.m pruinatum (BRES.) ERIKSS. (S), Ørholm, July 8, 1966; KH X CoIl

25 Fig. 4. Sebaci na pulverulenta n. sp. a. Hyphae; b. Basidia; c. Gloeocystidia; d. Spores. - X Con Sebacina pulverulenta n. sp. Fig. 4. Fructificatio resupinata, tenuis, ceraceo-pruinosa vel pulverulenta, indeterminata. Hyphae cylindraceae, tenuiter tunicatae, 2,5-6 platae, ad septa non nodosae. Gloeocystidia plus minusve cylindracea, tenuiter tunicata, usque ad 140 p longa et 5-11 p lata, plus minusve granulosa. Basidia subglobosa X p, 4 sterigmatibus ad 3-5 f.l longis. Sporae hyalinae, fusiformes, flexuosae, X 3,5-6 p, per repetitionem germinantes. Fruit-body resupinate, thin, waxy-pruinose Ol' pulverous, greyish, indeterminate. Hyphae cylindrical, thin-walled, 2,5-6 p, simple septate. Gloeocystidia with homogen or granular contents, deeply staining

26 Fig. 5. Sebacina longispora n. sp. a. Hyphae; b. Basida; c. Spores. X Coll with ph loxin, thin-walled, sinuose, more or less cylindrical, up to 140 p long and 5-11 p broad. Basidia subglobose t o ovate, X p bearing 4 sterigmata about 3-5 p long. Spores hyaline, fusiform, somewhat undulate, X 3,5-6 p, forming secondary spores. On bark of coniferous and broadleaf trees. Sebaci na pulverulenta is specially characterised by the presence of gloeocystidia. The basidia are inc ompletely lon gitudina lly septate and t he sterigmata short and crowded. The spores are forming secondary sp ores from one or the other end. Collections: On bark of broadleaf tree. (S), S tig snæs, Oet. 9, 1975; KH 5103 (type) On Pinus. (S), Korsør Skov, Nov. 2, 1968; KH Sebacina longispor-a n. sp. Fig. 5. Fructificat io resupinata, tenuis, ceraceo-ge latinosa, siccitate pruinosa vel evanida, grisea vel ochracea. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tuni-

27 catae, irregulariter cylindraceae, 2,5-5,u latae, interdum ampullaceae ad 8 p, noduloso-septatae. Basidia subglobosa vel ovat a, X 9-12 p, basi nodulosi-septata, longitudinaliter septata, 2-4 steri gmatibus 4-15 X 2-4 u, Sporae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, fusoideae, plus minus flexuosae, X 3-7 p, per repetitionem germinantes. Fruit-body waxy-gelatinous, thin, greyish to ochraceous, drying pruinose to mealy or evanescent. Hyphae thin-walled, irregular cylindrical, 2,5-5,u broad, sometimes with enlargements to 8,u, with clamps at all septa. Basidia subglobose t o ovate, subtended by a clamp, becoming 2-4-celled by longit udina l division, X 9-12 p, bearing 2-4 sterigmata 4-15 X 2-4 u. Spores thin-walled, hyaline, fus iform, fle xuous, X 3-7 u, forming secondary spores. an dead wood. Colleetions: On dead wo od. (S), Ermelunden, Nov. 15, 1964; KH 2044 (type) On Fagus. (S), Korsør Skov, Nov. 23, 1958; KH 1372 On Fagus. (S), Korsør Skov, Oet. 20, 1962; KH 1363 On dead wo od. (S), Ermelunden, Nov. 15, 1964; KH 2045 On dead wood. (S), Jægersborg Dyrehave, N ov. 1, 1964 ; KH 2027 On dead wood. (S), Bernstorffparken, Oet. 30, 1965 ; KH 2302 On very r otten wood. (S), Sorgenfri, Mareh 19, 1967; KH 2668 On ba r k of br oa dleaf tree. (S), Korsør Skov, Dee. 24, 1967; KI-! 2907 On de ad w ood of broadleaf tree. (S), Korsør Skov, Oet. 23, 1971; KH 4224 A loan from Paris, "Galzin n. 8095, sur peuplier. Bois Dufou r, Membrane gelattneuse minee gris fonce avee points brillante. (7714) 8 ebac ina calospora Mihi in.herb." proved t o be 8 ebacina Zongispora. 4. Sebacina calospor a (BOURD. & GALZ.) B OURD. & G ALZ., Hym. Fr. 1928, p. 46. Fig. 6. Syn. E xi diopsis cazospora BOURD. & GALZ., Bull. Soe. myc. Fr. 1924, 39: 263. Fruit-body thin, resupinate, waxy-gelatinous, drying to a whi tish pruinose layer. Hyphae thin-walled, hyaline, 1,5-4,5,u broad, cylindrical, without clamps, H-connecti ons present. Basidia su bglobose t o ova te, becoming 2-4-celle d by longitud inal divisio n, (6) -7,5-11 X 8-11 p. Sterigmata 5-10 X 1,5-3 u. Spores hyalin e, t hin-walled, fusiform 20-36,5 X 3-4 p, more or less curved, forming secon dary spores.

28 102 - Fig. 6. Sebacina calospora (BoURD. & G ALZ.) BOURD. & G ALZ. a. Hyphae ; b. Basidia; e. Spores. - X Coll Collections: On Fagus. (S), Jægersborg Dyrehave, Oet. 25, 1959; KH 1369 On dead stem af Urti ca dio eca. (S), Jægersborg Dyrehave, Oet. 18, 1970; KH 3688 On bark af Fraæinas, (X), Brattingsborg Skov, Oet. 2, 1976; KH 5190 BOURDOT & GALZIN state that rarely clamps are present, but none are shown in their illustration. No clamps could be found in the Danish material, wh ich corresponds well with the descriptions of J. Bornrx (1957), D. A. REm (1970) and WARCUP & TALBOT (1962). The type of Sebacina calospora was not available. 5. Sebacina evanecens n. sp. Fig. 7. Fructificatio tenuissima, gelatinosa, siccitate evanida. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, cylindraceae vel contortae, 1-2,5 /-liatae. Basidia subglobosa vel ovata, lon gitudinaliter septata, X 10 u, basi nodulosi-septata, 2-4 sterigmatibus 4-17-(25) X 1,5-2 u. Sporae

29 F ig. 7. Sebacina ev anescens n. sp. a. Hyphae with apical basidia and sheaths of collapsed basidia; b. Basidia bearing spores; c. Spores. X Co Il hyalinae, fusoideae, saepe leviter curvatae, X 3-5 p, per repetitionem germinantes. Fruit-body very thin, gelatinous, evanescent on drying. Hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, the basale ones 1-1,5 p broad, cylindric, ascending fertile hyphae tortuous, 1,5-2,5 p broad. Basidia subglobose to ovate, bec orning 2-4-celled by longitudinal division, subtended by a clamp, X 10p, bearing 2-4 sterigmata 4-17-(25) X 1,5-2p. Spores hyaline, fusiform often slightly curved, X 3-5 p, forming sec ondary sp ores. On rotten wood lying on the ground. The enlar ged hyphae below basidia and the trumpet-shaped subbasidial clamp-connections in Sebacina prolijera were not seen in

30 Fig. 8. Sebacina prolifera ROGERS. a. Hyphae; b. Basidia; c. Spores. X Coll Type. the new species. Clamp-connections in the lower hyphae of Se b, prolijera are fairly distinct, but lacking in Seba cina evane scens. The spores of the latter species are somewhat longer and broader. Collection: an rotten wood. (S), Hareskoven, aet. 23, 1965; KR 2294 (type). 6. Se bacina prolifera ROGERS, Mycologia 1936, 28: 350. F ig. 8. Fruit-body mueous-gelatinous, drying to a vernieose film. Lower hypha e 1,5-2,5 f l thick, with clamps, fertile hyphae up to 4!" generally enlarged below basidia, forming t r ump et-shap ed clamp-eonnections. Basidia ovate 8-9 X fl, beeoming 4-celled by longitudinal division. Spor es subcylindrie X 2,5-4 fl' forming secondary spores. Speeimen examined: Iowa City, Iowa, D. P. ROGERS 80. Type. an sodden log of Ulmsis sp., III, 20, Sebacina subfarinacea n. sp. ~ig. 9. Fructificato tenuiter farinaceo-ceracea, grisea. Hyphae indistinctae, hyalinae; subhymeniales 1-2,5 Il, noduloso-septatae. Cystidia tunicis tenuibus, cylindracea vel fusiformia, X 5-8,5 Il ad 10 Il emergentia. Basidia obovate vel subglobosa 5-8 X 7-11 Il, 2 sterigmata ad 10 X 1,5-2 Il ferentia. Sporae hyalinae, oblongae vel cyli ndraceae, interdum leviter curvatae, 7-10-(11) X 3-4,5 Il, tunicis tenuibus, laevibus, apiculatae, per repet it ionem gerrninates.

31 Fig. 9. S ebacina subfarinacea n. sp. a. Ryphae; b. Basidia; e. Cystidia; d. Spores. - X Coll Fruit-body thin, wa xy-farinaceous, gr eyish, forming patches on needles of Abies) about p thick. Hyphae hyaline, indistinct, subhymenial hyphae 1-2,5 p thick, clamps present. Cystidia thinwalled, cylindrical fusoid, X 5-8,5 p, projecting up to 10 p. Basidia hyaline, obovate to subglobose, 5-8 X 7-11 p, becoming 2-celled by longitudinal division. Sterigmata up to 10 p long, 1,5-2 p thick. Spores hyaline, oblong to cylindrical, sometimes slightly curved, thinwalled, smooth, 7-10-(11) X 3-4,5 p, apiculate, forming secondary spores. On needles of Abies on the ground. Colleetion: an needles of Abies. (S), Rørvig, aet. 25, 1969; KR 3514 (type ). 8. Sebacina microbasidia M. P. CHRIST. & HAUERSL., Dansk Bot. Arkiv 19: 30, Fig. 10. Fruit-body resupinate, gelatinous, on drying invisible. Hyphae hyaline, cylindrical, thin-walled, 1,5-2,5 p 'br oa d. Ascending fertile hyphae zig-zag-formed, with collapsed basidia, up to 70 p long, bearing apically a few basidia. Basidia subglobose 3,5-5 X 4-7 p, becoming 2-celled by longitudinal division. Sterigmata up to 8 p long. Spores hyaline, smooth, oblong, somewhat curved, 6-9 X 2,5-3,5 P : Secondary spores not seen. Basidia lack a basal clamp, but some basidia are provided with a knob resembling a beginning clamp formation. The same thing is observed in the type collection. Collection : an r otten wood. (J), Gallehus Skov, Sept. 9, 1967; KR 2821.

32 ~ ~.. \') " ',' -: Fig. 10. Sebaci n a microbastdia M. P. CHRIST. & H AUE RSL. a. Hyphae ; b. Basldia: c. Spores. - X Colt Fig. 11. minusve tenuiter tunicatae, cylindraceae vel contortae, 1,5-4,li latae, noduloso-septatae. Haustoria adsunt. Basidia globosa vel subglobosa, 8-12 X 7-9- (12) u, longitudinaliter septata, basi noduloso-septata. 4,5-6 X 5-6,5 u, with distinct apiculus. Conidiophores present, producing conidia about 4-6 X 2-3 u, oblong, smooth. On Tyromyces caesius (SCHRAD. ex FR.) MURR. Rather common. Sterigmata 6-15-(20) u longa. Basidiosporae globosae vel subglobosae, tunicis tenuibus, laevibus, 4,5-6 X 5-6,5 u, apiculo distincto. Conidiophores adsunt, conidiis oblongis, 4-6 X 2-3 u. are also to be found in certain species of Tremella and Platygloea. with clamps. Haustoria present. Basidia globose to subglobose, subtended by a clamp, 8-12 X ) u, becoming 2-4-celled by longitudinal division. Spores globose to subglobose, thin-walled, smooth, thick-walled, cylindric to short-celled and tortuous, 1,5-4,li thick, watery blot on the host, later it is to be found in the rotten fungus. The hyphae are provided with haustoria, which are seen attached to hyphae of the host. This species has conidiophores of a type which!f!. ri Fungus parasiticus. Fructificatio gelatinosa. Hyphae hyalinae, plus Fruit-body gelatinous. Hyphae hyaline, thin-walled to somewhat Sebacina polyporophaga 7 a parasite, starts as a gelatinous, almost 9. Sebacina polyporophaga n. sp.

33 10. Sebacina fungicola n. sp. Fig. 12. Fungus parasiticus. Fructificatio albida, gelatinosa vel ceracea. Hyphae nodoso-septatae, tenuiter tunicatae, 0,5-2,5 Il latae. Basidia ovata, longitudinaliter septata, 5-9,5 X 5-7 Il, 2- (3) sterigmata usque 15 Il longa. Sporae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, ovatae vel oblongae, plurimum uno latere subdepressae, 5,5-7 X 2,5-3,5 Il, per repetitionem germinantes. Fig ebacina polyporophaga n. sp. a. Basidia; b. Conidiophores; e. Haustorial branches; d. Haustorium attaehed to a hypha of Tyromyces caesius; e. Basidiospores; f. Conidia. - X Coll Colleetions: All on Tyromyces caesius. (S), Tokkekøb Hegn, Sept. 28, 1969; KH 3454 (type) (S), Skjoldnæsholm, aet. 6, 1963; KH 2210 (L), Torrig Skov, Sept. 24, 1966; KH 2494 (S), Sorø Sønderskov, aet. 1, 1966; KH 2539 (S), Grib Skov, aet. 9, 1966; KH 2519 (S), Holte, Nov. 6, 1966; KH 2570 (S), Ørholm, Nov. 11, 1967; KH 2891 (S), Sorø, Aug. 7, 1970; KH 3601 (S), Sorø, Aug. 15, 1970; KH 3602, 3603, 3604, 3605, 3606 (S), Køge Strandskov, aet. 15, 1972; KH

34 Fig. 13. basidia longitudinally septate, 5-9,5 X 5-7 u, 2- (3) sterigmata variable, up to 15/l long. Basidiospores hyaline, thin-walled, ovate to oblong, slightly depressed on one side, 5,5-7 X 2,5-3,5 u, with small apiculus, forming secondary spores. On Mollisia cinerea (BATSCH ex MERAT) KARSTEN. apothecia of Mollisia einerea. Hyphae thin-walled, clamp-bearing, hyaline, 0,5-2,5 /l broad. Basidia ovate, subtended by a clamp, mature cremea. Hyphae hyalinae, tenuiter tunicatae, noduloso-septatae, 2-3,5 /l on some of the apothecia growing in groups on a fallen branch (? Alnus glutinosus). Hyphae had penetrated into the host, but haustoria were not seen. The basidia bear each two sterigmata, occasionally basidia are seen bearing three sterigmata, but four sterigmata were not observed. Fruit-body forming a delicate whitish or greyish film on the This species is apparently a parasite and was seen as a mat film Collection: On Mollisia einerea. (S), Sorgenfri, May 11, 1975; KH 4964 (type) Fungus parasiticus. Fructificatio pruinoso-ceracea, albida vel Fig. 12. Sebacina fungicola n. sp. a. Basidia; b. Spores. Xenolaehne longieornis n. sp. x Col!

35 F ig. 13. Xenolachne Zongicornis n. sp. a. Hyphae and haustorial branches; b. Basidia. c. Spores. - x Coll latae. Haustoria adsunt. Basidia fere ovata, 5,5-8 X 6,5-10 p, longitudinaliter septata, 2 sterigmatibus usque ad 50 p longis. Sporae fusiformes, (2,5)-3-3,5-(4) X 8,5-12,5-(13,5) p, hyalinae, tunicis tenuibus, laevibus. Fruit-body waxy-pruinose, whitish to cream. Hyphae thin-walled, hyaline, 2-3,5 p broad, provided with clamps and haustorial branches. Basidia ovate, 5,8-8 X 6,5-10 p, with a basal clamp-connection, becoming two-celled by formation of a longit udinal septum. Sterigmata cylindric-tapering horn-like, up to 50 p long. Spores fusiform-clavate with broader basal end, (2,5) -3-3,5-(4) X 8,5-12,5- (13,5) p, thinwalled, hyaline. On ap othecia of Helotiaceae. X enolachne longicornis is parasitic, covering and more or less deforming the apothecia of small Discomycetes. It differs from X. [la-

36 - 110 ~()ftj ~2~ O\::::)C) ;O O' O C:> Fig. 14. Xenolachne jlagellijera ROGERS. Basidia and spores. X Type. gelzijera ROG. by the size and form of spores; furthermore the spores of X. longicornis do not form secondary spores, and the hyphae of the new species are provided with haustoria. Collections: On Cudoniella cl avus (A.&S. ex FR.) DENNIS ( det. H. DISSING). (S), Sorgenfri, May 11,1975; KH 4963 (type) On Cudoniella sp. (S), Sorgenfri, May 13, 1966 (Alnus); KH 4502 Ibidem, Apr. 28, 1973; KH 4570 Ibidem, May 12, 1973; KH 4583 Ibidem, Apr. 7, 1974; KH 4732 Ibidem, May 5, 1974; KH 4733 Ibidem, Apr. 26, 1975; KH 4957 On Cudoniella sp. (S), Korsør Skov, Apr. 15, 1972 (Betula) ; KH 4295 On Discinella m argarita BUCKLEY (leg. OLE L ANSØ, det. HENNING KNUDSEN). (S),Gørlev Mose, June 3, 1975 Xenolachne f1agellifera ROG., Mycologia 39: 562, Fig. 14. The type speeimen examined: Hyphae up to 2 P thiek, with clamps. Basidia 7-12 X 4,5-5,5 1" longitudinally septate, 2 sterigmata. Spores 4-6,5 X 2-3,5 1" forming seeondary spores. Oregon, Canada. Umpqua valley E. of Reedsport, Oet. 22, 1938, A. M. & D. P. R. 487 (type). Oli veonia pauxilla (JACKS.) DONK, Fungus 28: 20, Syn. Corticium pauxillum H. S. JACKS., Canad. J. Res. (C) 28: 724, Fig. 15. Fruit-body resupinate, thin, waxy-pruinose, greyish. Hyphae thinwalled, indistinct, short-celled, a few long and cylindrical hyphae about 2-3 I' broad, without clamps. Cystidia thin-walled, cylindrical somewhat tapering to the apex, (70) X 5-8 1'. Basidia ovate to clavate, X 5-7/-l with (2)-4 sterigmata up to 9 /-l long. Spores obovate to ellipsoid, often with one end bent or sometimes sigmoid,

37 Fig. 15. Oliv eoni a pauxilla (JACKS.) DONK. a. Basidia; b. Spores ; e. Cystidia. X Coll thin-walled, smooth, 7-12-(13) X 3-5 p, forming secondary spores, non-amyloid. On bark of broadleaf and coniferous trees, on dead stems of ferns and dead leaves lying on the ground. In some of the collections a few basidia with one or two longitudinal septa are seen. It has not been previously reported from Denmark. Colleetions: an Picea. (S ), Grib Skov, aet. 30, 1960; KH 3001 an P icea. (S), Korsør Skov, Sept. 22, 1962; KH 3140 an P i cea. (J ), Amaliegaard Skov, June 4, 1963; KH 2695 an P icea. (S), Salto Skov, Aug. 1, 1965; KH 2338 an Alnus? (S), Hesede Skov, aet. 3, 1965; KH 2371 an Sam bucus nigra. (S ), Ørholm, a et. 15, 1965; KH 2370 an leaves of Qu er cus. (J), Gallehus Skov, Sept. 30, 1967; KH 2861 a n P i cea. (S), Korsør Skov, Dee. 2, 1967; KH 2912 an P icea. (S), Korsør Skov, July 14, 1969; KH 3401 an Ulmus? (S), Korsør Skov, July 24, 1969; KH 3409 an P ic ea. (S ), Korsør Skov, Aug. 3, 1970; KH 3596 an Picea. (S), Hareskov, aet. 17, 1970; KH 3693 an Pteruiiwm aquilinum. (S), Valbygaard Skov, July 26, ; KH 4782 a n B et ula t (S), Halskov, aet. 13, 1974; KH 4827 an Picea. (J), Feldballe, Sept. 25, 1975; KH 5075 an P icea. (S ), Grib Skov, aet. 15, 1975; KH 5117 an P icea. (S), Korsør Skov, Nov. 20, 1975; KH 5060 an leaves of Alnus} Fagus. (S), Korsør Skov, July 11, 1976; KH 5177