Almindelige regler for præfabrikerede betonprodukter

Transkript

1 Dansk standard DS/EN 13369: udgave Almindelige regler for præfabrikerede betonprodukter Common rules for precast concrete products

2 DS/EN 13369:2013 København DS projekt: M ICS: Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/EN, hvilket betyder, at det er en europæisk standard, der har status som dansk standard. Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: IDT med: EN 13369:2013. DS-publikationen er på dansk og engelsk. Denne publikation erstatter: DS/EN 13369:2013 som kun forelå i engelsksproget version. Der er ikke foretaget ændringer i denne nye udgave, ud over at den danske oversættelse er indføjet. I tilfælde af tvivl om korrektheden af den danske oversættelse henvises til den engelske version. DS-publikationstyper Dansk Standard udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden. Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard, eller standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standard DS-information publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en teknisk rapport, eller europæisk præstandard DS-håndbog samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materiale DS-hæfte publikation med informativt materiale Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives tillæg og rettelsesblade DS-publikationsform Publikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie) DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr., fx DS 383, DS/EN 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet et A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden. Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være IDT, EQV, NEQ eller MOD IDT: Når publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. EQV: Når publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men præsentationen er ændret. NEQ: Når publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. MOD: Når publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.

3 DS/EN 13369:2013 Information vedrørende oversættelsen af DS/EN 13369:2013 En række matematiske tegn, symboler og indices er i den danske oversættelse af DS/EN 13369:2013 sat i henhold til den tyske udgave. Information concerning the Danish version of DS/EN 13369:2013 In the Danish version of DS/EN 13369:2013, a number of mathematical signs, symbols and indices are presented in conformity with the German version.

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5 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN April 2013 ICS Supersedes EN 13369:2004 English Version Common rules for precast concrete products Règles communes pour les produits préfabriqués en béton Allgemeine Regeln für Betonfertigteile This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 January CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13369:2013: E

6 EN 13369:2013 (E) Contents Page Foreword... 4 Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions General Dimensions Tolerances Durability Mechanical properties Requirements Material requirements Production requirements Finished product requirements Test methods Tests on concrete Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics Weight of the products Evaluation of conformity General Type testing Factory production control Marking Technical documentation Annex A (informative) Concrete cover as regard to corrosion Annex B (informative) Concrete quality control Annex C (informative) Reliability considerations Annex D (normative) Inspection schemes Annex E (informative) Assessment of compliance Annex F This annex does not exist Annex G (normative) Test of water absorption Annex H (informative) Shape correlation factor for cores Annex I This annex does not exist Annex J (informative) Measurement of dimensions Annex K (informative) Prestressing losses Annex L (informative) This annex does not exist Annex M (informative) Technical documentation Annex N (informative) Properties of indented bars and wire Annex O (informative) Resistance to fire: recommendations for the use of EN

7 DS/EN 13369:2013 Indholdsfortegnelse Forord... 4 Indledning Anvendelsesområde Normative referencer Termer og definitioner Generelt Dimensioner Tolerancer Holdbarhed Mekaniske egenskaber Krav Krav til materialer Produktionskrav Krav til færdige produkter Prøvningsmetoder Betonprøvning Måling af dimensioner og overfladeegenskaber Produkternes vægt Vurdering af overensstemmelse Generelt Typeprøvning Fabrikkens egen produktionskontrol Mærkning Teknisk dokumentation Anneks A (informativt) Betondæklag med henblik på korrosion Anneks B (informativt) Kvalitetskontrol af beton Anneks C (informativt) Pålidelighedsbetragtninger Anneks D (normativt) Inspektionsplaner Anneks E (informativt) Vurdering af overensstemmelse Anneks F Dette anneks eksisterer ikke Anneks G (normativt) Prøvning af vandabsorption Anneks H (informativt) Formkorrelationsfaktor for kerner Anneks I Dette anneks eksisterer ikke Anneks J (informativt) Opmåling af dimensioner Anneks K (informativt) Tab af forspænding Anneks L Dette anneks eksisterer ikke Anneks M (informativt) Teknisk dokumentation Anneks N (informativt) Egenskaber for profilerede stænger og tråde Anneks O (informativt) Modstandsevne mod band: anbefalinger ved brug af EN Side 2 (da)

8 EN 13369:2013 (E) Annex P (informative) Survey of type testing Annex Q (informative) Use of reclaimed crushed and recycled coarse aggregates in concrete Bibliography

9 DS/EN 13369:2013 Anneks P (informativt) Oversigt over typeprøvning Anneks Q (informativt) Anvendelse af nedknuste og genanvendte grove tilslag i beton Bibliografi (da)

10 EN 13369:2013 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13369:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 Precast concrete products, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13369:2004. The main technical changes that have been made in this new edition are the following ones: a) Scope: precast concrete product made of heavyweight, light and normal concrete; concrete using fibres (steel, polymer or other) is also covered; b) Normative references have been updated while taking the Bibliography into account; c) Terms and definitions have been reviewed; d) Requirements; e) New clause for reclaimed crushed and recycled coarse aggregates; f) New wording and requirements for the subclause Curing (protection against drying out) ; g) New requirements: tensile strength, shrinkage, dry density; h) Productions tolerances are revised; i) New clause on Performance related design; j) Evaluation of conformity; k) Type testing, new Annex P, Survey of type testing; l) Concrete strength, conformity criteria; m) Annex G, Test of water absorption; n) Annex Q, Use of reclaimed crushed and recycled coarse aggregates in concrete. EN is a common reference for the following group of specific product standards prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229: EN 1168, Precast concrete products Hollow core slabs; EN 12737, Precast concrete products Floor slats for livestock; EN 12794, Precast concrete products Foundation piles; 4

11 DS/EN 13369:2013 Forord Dette dokument (EN 13369:2013) er udarbejdet af teknisk komité CEN/TC 229, Precast concrete products, hvis sekretariat varetages af AFNOR. Denne europæiske standard skal senest oktober 2013 have status som national standard enten ved udgivelse af en identisk tekst eller ved formel godkendelse, og modstridende nationale standarder skal være trukket tilbage senest oktober Der gøres opmærksom på, at dele af dette dokument kan være genstand for patentrettigheder. CEN [og/eller CENE- LEC] kan ikke drages til ansvar for at identificere sådanne rettigheder. Dette dokument erstatter EN 13369:2004. De primære tekniske ændringer, der er foretaget i denne nye udgave, er følgende: a) Anvendelsesområde: præfabrikeret betonprodukt fremstillet af tung-, let- og normalbeton; beton, hvor der anvendes fibre (stålfibre, polymerer eller andre fibre), er også omfattet b) De normative referencer er opdateret under hensyntagen til Bibliografien c) Termer og definitioner er gennemgået d) Krav e) Nyt punkt for nedknuste og genanvendte grove tilslag f) Ny ordlyd og krav til underpunkt Hærdning (beskyttelse mod udtørring) g) Nye krav: trækstyrke, svind, tørdensitet h) Produktionstolerancer er revideret i) Nyt punkt om ydeevnerelateret dimensionering j) Vurdering af overensstemmelse k) Typeprøvning, nyt anneks P, Oversigt over typeprøvning l) Betonstyrke, overensstemmelseskriterier m) Anneks G, Prøvning af vandabsorption n) Anneks Q, Anvendelse af nedknuste og genanvendte grove tilslag i beton. EN er en fælles reference for følgende gruppe specifikke produktstandarder udarbejdet af teknisk komité CEN/TC 229: EN 1168, Precast concrete products Hollow core slabs EN 12737, Precast concrete products Floor slats for livestock EN 12794, Precast concrete products Foundation piles 4 (da)

12 EN 13369:2013 (E) EN 12839, Precast concrete products Elements for fences; EN 12843, Precast concrete products Masts and poles; EN 13198, Precast concrete products Street furniture and garden products; EN 13224, Precast concrete products Ribbed floor elements; EN 13225, Precast concrete products Linear structural elements; EN 13693, Precast concrete products Special roof elements; EN 13747, Precast concrete products Floor plates for floor systems; EN , Terrazzo tiles Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal use; EN , Terrazzo tiles Part 2: Terrazzo tiles for external use; EN , Precast concrete products Precast concrete garages Part 1: Requirements for reinforced garages monolithic or consisting of single sections with room dimensions; EN 14843, Precast concrete products Stairs; EN 14844, Precast concrete products Box culverts; EN 14991, Precast concrete products Foundation elements; EN 14992, Precast concrete products Wall elements; EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 1: Beams; EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 2: Concrete blocks; EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 3: Clay blocks; EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 4: Expanded polystyrene blocks; EN 15050, Precast concrete products Bridge elements; EN 15258, Precast concrete products Retaining wall elements; EN Precast concrete products Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks Product properties and performances; EN 15498, Precast concrete products Wood-chip concrete shuttering blocks Product properties and performances. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 5

13 DS/EN 13369:2013 EN 12839, Precast concrete products Elements for fences EN 12843, Precast concrete products Masts and poles EN 13198, Precast concrete products Street furniture and garden products EN 13224, Precast concrete products Ribbed floor elements EN 13225, Precast concrete products Linear structural elements EN 13693, Precast concrete products Special roof elements EN 13747, Precast concrete products Floor plates for floor systems EN , Terrazzo tiles Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal use EN , Terrazzo tiles Part 2: Terrazzo tiles for external use EN , Precast concrete products Precast concrete garages Part 1: Requirements for reinforced garages monolithic or consisting of single sections with room dimensions EN 14843, Precast concrete products Stairs EN 14844, Precast concrete products Box culverts EN 14991, Precast concrete products Foundation elements EN 14992, Precast concrete products Wall elements EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 1: Beams EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 2: Concrete blocks EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 3: Clay blocks EN , Precast concrete products Beam-and-block floor systems Part 4: Expanded polystyrene blocks EN 15050, Precast concrete products Bridge elements EN 15258, Precast concrete products Retaining wall elements EN 15435, Precast concrete products Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks Product properties and performances EN 15498, Precast concrete products Wood-chip concrete shuttering blocks Product properties and performances. I henhold til CEN/CENELEC s interne regler er de nationale standardiseringsorganisationer i følgende lande forpligtet til at implementere denne europæiske standard: Belgien, Bulgarien, Cypern, Danmark, Den Tidligere Jugoslaviske Republik Makedonien, Estland, Finland, Frankrig, Grækenland, Irland, Island, Italien, Kroatien, Letland, Litauen, Luxembourg, Malta, Nederlandene, Norge, Polen, Portugal, Rumænien, Schweiz, Slovakiet, Slovenien, Spanien, Storbritannien, Sverige, Tjekkiet, Tyrkiet, Tyskland, Ungarn og Østrig. 5 (da)

14 EN 13369:2013 (E) Introduction This document is intended to outline the general common requirements applicable to a large variety of precast concrete products manufactured in a factory environment. It acts as a reference standard for other standards to enable a more consistent approach to standardization in the field of precast concrete products and to reduce the variations brought about by a large number of standards produced in parallel by different groups of experts. At the same time, it allows those experts the flexibility to include variations in specific product standards where they are required. This standard has been produced as part of the total CEN programme for construction and refers to the relevant specifications of associated standards EN 206 (all parts) for concrete and EN 1992 for the design of concrete structures. The installation of some precast concrete products is dealt with by EN As it is not a harmonised standard, it may not be used on its own for the purpose of CE marking of precast concrete products. The design of precast concrete products should be verified to ensure the fitness of their properties for the particular application, particular attention being paid to design co-ordination with other parts of the construction. 6

15 DS/EN 13369:2013 Indledning Hensigten med dette dokument er at opstille de generelle, fælles krav, som gælder for en lang række præfabrikerede, fabriksfremstillede betonprodukter. Standarden fungerer som referencestandard for andre standarder for at muliggøre en mere ensartet tilgang til standardisering inden for området præfabrikerede betonprodukter og for at reducere variationer, der opstår i forbindelse med, at et stort antal standarder udarbejdes parallelt af forskellige ekspertgrupper. Samtidig er den fleksibel i en sådan grad, at den tillader ekspertgrupperne at inkludere variationer i specifikke produktstandarder, hvor dette er krævet. Denne standard er udarbejdet som en del af det samlede CEN-program for byggeri og henviser til de relevante specifikationer i de tilhørende standarder, EN 206 (alle dele) for beton og EN 1992 for projektering af betonkonstruktioner. Montage af visse præfabrikerede betonprodukter er behandlet i EN Da den ikke er en harmoniseret standard, kan den ikke alene danne grundlag for CE-mærkning af betonprodukter. Projektering af præfabrikerede betonprodukter bør verificeres for at sikre, at egenskaberne er egnede til det specifikke formål, med særlig fokus på koordinering med andre dele af konstruktionen. 6 (da)

16 EN 13369:2013 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements, the basic performance criteria and the evaluation of conformity for unreinforced, reinforced and prestressed precast concrete products made of compact light-, normal- and heavyweight concrete according to EN with no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air. Concrete containing fibres for other than mechanical properties steel, polymer or other fibres is also covered. It does not cover prefabricated reinforced components of lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure. It may also be used to specify products for which there is no standard. Not all of the requirements (Clause 4) of this standard are relevant to all precast concrete products. If a specific product standard exists, it takes precedence over this standard. The precast concrete products dealt with in this standard are factory produced for building and civil engineering works. This standard may also be applied to products manufactured in temporary plants on site if the production is protected against adverse weather conditions and controlled following Clause 6 provisions. The analysis and design of precast concrete products is not within the scope of this standard but it does offer, for non-seismic zones, information about: the choice of partial safety factors defined by the pertinent Eurocode; the definition of some requirements for prestressed concrete products. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 206-1:2000 1), Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity EN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 2: Concrete admixtures Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete EN , Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption EN :2004 2), Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN :2004 3), Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-2: General rules Structural fire design EN 10080:2005, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete Weldable reinforcing steel General 1) This document is impacted by the stand-alone amendments EN 206-1:2000/A1:2004 and EN 206-1:2000/A2: ) This document is impacted by the corrigendum EN :2004/AC: ) This document is impacted by the corrigendum EN :2004/AC:

17 DS/EN 13369: Anvendelsesområde Denne europæiske standard specificerer krav, grundlæggende ydeevnekriterier og vurdering af overensstemmelse for uarmerede, armerede og forspændte betonprodukter fremstillet af kompakteret let-, normal- eller tungbeton i henhold til EN uden større mængder indesluttet luft bortset fra indblandet luft. Beton indeholdende fibre til andet end mekaniske egenskaber (stålfibre, polymerer eller andre fibre) er også omfattet. Den dækker ikke præfabrikerede armerede komponenter af letbeton med let tilslag og åben struktur. Den kan ligeledes anvendes til at specificere produkter, som der ikke findes en standard for. Det er ikke alle kravene (pkt. 4) i denne standard, der er relevante for alle præfabrikerede betonprodukter. Hvis der findes en specifik produktstandard, er den gældende forud for denne standard. De præfabrikerede betonprodukter omfattet af denne standard er fabriksfremstillede produkter til bygge- og anlægskonstruktioner. Denne standard er også gældende for produkter, der fremstilles i midlertidige produktionshaller på byggepladser, forudsat at produktionen beskyttes mod negative vejrforhold og kontrolleres i henhold til bestemmelserne angivet i pkt. 6. Analyse og projektering af præfabrikerede betonprodukter ligger uden for denne standards anvendelsesområde, dog giver denne standard følgende information for ikke-seismiske zoner: valg af partialsikkerhedskoefficienter som defineret i den relevante eurocode definition af nogle krav for forspændte betonprodukter. 2 Normative referencer Følgende dokumenter er, enten i deres helhed eller som del af en serie, angivet som normative referencer i dette dokument og er nødvendige for dokumentets anvendelse. Ved daterede referencer gælder kun den nævnte udgave. For udaterede referencer gælder den nyeste udgave af det pågældende dokument (med eventuelle tillæg). EN 206-1:2000 1), Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity EN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 2: Concrete admixtures Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete EN , Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption EN :2004 2), Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN :2004 3), Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-2: General rules Structural fire design EN 10080:2005, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete Weldable reinforcing steel General 1) Dette dokument påvirkes af de enkeltstående ændringer EN 206-1:2000/A1:2004 og EN 206-1:2000/A2: ) Dette dokument påvirkes af rettelsesblad EN :2004/AC: ) Dette dokument påvirkes af rettelsesblad EN :2004/AC: (da)

18 EN 13369:2013 (E) pren , Prestressing steels Part 1: General requirements pren , Prestressing steels Part 2: Wire pren , Prestressing steels Part 3: Strand pren , Prestressing steels Part 4: Bar EN , Testing fresh concrete Part 7: Air content Pressure methods EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 1: Shape, dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 7: Density of hardened concrete EN , Testing concrete in structures Part 1: Cored specimens Taking, examining and testing in compression EN , Fire classification of construction products and building elements Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN ISO 717-1, Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 1: Airborne sound insulation (ISO 717-1) EN ISO 717-2, Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 2: Impact sound insulation (ISO 717-2) EN ISO 10456, Building materials and products Hygrothermal properties Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456) ASTM C173 / C173M - 10b, Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General precast concrete product product which is made of concrete and manufactured in accordance with this standard or a specific product standard in a place different from the final destination of use, protected from adverse weather conditions during production and which is the result of an industrial process under a factory production control system and with the possibility of sorting before delivery Note 1 to entry: In relevant European Standards, the shorter term Precast product is often used (concrete) cover distance between the surface of the reinforcement closest to the nearest concrete surface(including links and stirrups and surface reinforcement where relevant) and the nearest concrete surface 8

19 DS/EN 13369:2013 pren , Prestressing steels Part 1: General requirements pren , Prestressing steels Part 2: Wire pren , Prestressing steels Part 3: Strand pren , Prestressing steels Part 4: Bar EN , Testing fresh concrete Part 7: Air content Pressure methods EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 1: Shape, dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens EN , Testing hardened concrete Part 7: Density of hardened concrete EN , Testing concrete in structures Part 1: Cored specimens Taking, examining and testing in compression EN , Fire classification of construction products and building elements Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN ISO 717-1, Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 1: Airborne sound insulation (ISO 717-1) EN ISO 717-2, Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 2: Impact sound insulation (ISO 717-2) EN ISO 10456, Building materials and products Hygrothermal properties Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456) ASTM C173 / C173M - 10b, Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method 3 Termer og definitioner I dette dokument gælder følgende termer og definitioner: 3.1 Generelt præfabrikeret betonprodukt produkt fremstillet af beton i overensstemmelse med denne standard eller en specifik produktstandard på et andet sted end det endelige anvendelsessted, som er beskyttet mod ugunstige vejrforhold under produktionen, og som er resultatet af en industriel proces, hvor fabrikken har et system til egen produktionskontrol, og der er mulighed for sortering inden levering Note 1 til term: I relevante europæiske standarder anvendes den kortere term præfabrikeret produkt ofte (beton)dæklag afstand mellem overfladen af den armering, der er tættest ved den nærmeste betonoverflade (herunder bøjler og eventuel overfladearmering), og den nærmeste betonoverflade 8 (da)