Vejledning i anvendelse af ISO og IEC ved design af sikkerhedsrelaterede styresystemer til maskiner

Transkript

1 DS-information DS/CLC/TR udgave Vejledning i anvendelse af ISO og IEC ved design af sikkerhedsrelaterede styresystemer til maskiner Guidance on the application of ISO and IEC in the design of safety-related control systems for machinery

2 DS/CLC/TR København DS projekt: M ICS: ; Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/CLC/TR, hvilket betyder, at det er en europæisk teknisk rapport, der har status som DS-information. Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: IDT med: IEC TR ED 1.0:2010. IDT med: CLC TR :2010. DS-publikationen er på engelsk. DS-publikationstyper Dansk Standard udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden. Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard, eller standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standard DS-information publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en teknisk rapport, eller europæisk præstandard DS-håndbog samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materiale DS-hæfte publikation med informativt materiale Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives tillæg og rettelsesblade DS-publikationsform Publikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie) DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr., fx DS 383, DS/EN 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet et A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden. Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være IDT, EQV, NEQ eller MOD IDT: Når publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. EQV: Når publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men præsentationen er ændret. NEQ: Når publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. MOD: Når publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.

3 TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT August 2010 ICS ; ; English version Guidance on the application of ISO and IEC in the design of safety-related control systems for machinery (IEC/TR :2010) Directives relatives à l'application de l'iso et de la CEI dans la conception des systèmes de commande des machines relatifs à la sécurité (CEI/TR :2010) This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung Anleitung zur Anwendung von ISO und IEC bei der Gestaltung von sicherheitsbezogenen Steuerungen von Maschinen (IEC/TR :2010) CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. CLC/TR :2010 E

4 CLC/TR : Foreword The text of document 44/598/DTR, future edition 1 of IEC/TR , prepared by IEC TC 44, Safety of machinery - Electrotechnical aspects, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TR on Endorsement notice The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR :2010 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical Report without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated: IEC NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC :2003 NOTE Harmonized as EN :2004 ([not] modified). IEC NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC series NOTE Harmonized in EN series (not modified). IEC NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO ISO NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO ISO NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO

5 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE IEC/TR Edition Guidance on the application of ISO and IEC in the design of safety-related control systems for machinery Lignes directrices relatives àl'application de l'iso et de la CEI dans la conception des systèmes de commande des machines relatifs àla sécurité IEC/TR :2010

6 2 TR IEC:2010 CONTENTS FOREWORD...3 INTRODUCTION Scope General Comparison of standards Risk estimation and assignment of required performance Safety requirements specification Assignment of performance targets: PL versus SIL System design General requirements for system design using IEC and ISO Estimation of PFH D and MTTF d and the use of fault exclusions System design using subsystems or SRP/CS that conform to either IEC or ISO System design using subsystems or SRP/CS that have been designed using other IEC or ISO standards Example General Simplified example of the design and validation of a safety-related control system implementing a specified safety-related control function Conclusion...18 Bibliography...19 Figure 1 Example implementation of the safety function...11 Figure 2 Safety-related block diagram...13 Figure 3 Safety-related block diagram for calculation according to ISO Figure 4 Logical representation of subsystem D...15 Table 1 Relationship between PLs and SILs based on the average probability of dangerous failure per hour...8 Table 2 Architectural constraints on subsystems' maximum SIL CL that can be claimed for an SRCF using this subsystem...17

7 TR IEC: INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION GUIDANCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ISO AND IEC IN THE DESIGN OF SAFETY-RELATED CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR MACHINERY FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as IEC Publication(s) ). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and nongovernmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example "state of the art". IEC , which is a technical report, has been prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 44, Safety of machinery Electrotechnical aspects. The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC. These technical committees have agreed that no modification will be made to this Technical Report except by mutual agreement 1. 1 This Technical Report is published at the ISO as ISO/TR

8 4 TR IEC:2010 The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft 44/598/DTR Report on voting 44/608/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under " in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended.

9 TR IEC: INTRODUCTION This Technical Report has been prepared by experts from both IEC/TC 44/WG 7 and ISO/TC 199/WG 8 in response to requests from their Technical Committees to explain the relationship between IEC and ISO In particular, it is intended to assist users of these International Standards in terms of the interaction(s) that can exist between the standards to ensure that confidence can be given to the design of safety-related systems made in accordance with either standard. It is intended that this Technical Report be incorporated into both IEC and ISO by means of corrigenda that reference the published version of this document. These corrigenda will also remove the information given in Table 1, Recommended application of IEC and ISO , provided in the common introduction to both standards, which is now recognized as being out of date. Subsequently, it is intended to merge ISO and IEC by means of a JWG of ISO/TC 199 and IEC/TC 44.

10 6 TR IEC:2010 GUIDANCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ISO AND IEC IN THE DESIGN OF SAFETY-RELATED CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR MACHINERY 1 Scope This Technical Report is intended to explain the application of IEC and ISO ) in the design of safety-related control systems for machinery. 2) This Technical Report considers ISO :2006 rather than ISO :1999, which has been withdrawn. 3) These standards have been adopted by the European standardization bodies CEN and CENELEC as ISO and EN 62061, respectively, where they are published with the status of transposed harmonized standards under the Machinery Directive (98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC). Under the conditions of their publication, the correct use of either of these standards is presumed to conform to the relevant essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive (98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC).