24. januar 2018 Introduktion til EU regler for flyvning med droner

Transkript

1 Introduktion til EU regler for flyvning med droner

2 Forventninger til tidsplan, EU regler Start, terms of Reference Consultation, Notice of Proposed Amendmend Proposal to Commission, Opinion Q4/2017 Adoption by Commission, Implementing Rules Q1/ Decision (CS, AMC, GM) Q2/ Implementeringsperiode Overgang fra danske til EU regler 2019/2020

3 Opdeling i kategorier, EU regler Risikobaseret Open - Mindre end 25 kg MTOM - Under 120 m og VLOS - Svarer til cirka til flyvning efter by og landdronebekendtgørelser Specified - Det som ikke passer ind i Open eller Certified Certified - Større og komplekse UAS opererende kontinuerligt over mennesker, UAS opererende i høj-densitets luftrum, UAS til transport af personer etc. - Efter samme regler som bemandet flyvning

4 Specified kategori, EU regler - Flyvning efter EASA godkendt standard scenarie - Simpelt scenarie, operatør indsender erklæring om at man opfylder og flyver efter et godkendt standard scenarie - Kompleks scenarie, operatører godkendes efter ansøgning til flyvning efter godkendt standard scenarie - EASA godkendte standard scenarier udarbejdes løbende og er tilgængelige for alle - Operatør kan selv udarbejde scenarie - Kræver godkendelse af national myndighed baseret på risikovurdering

5 Standard scenarie - EASA definition - standard scenario means a description of a UAS operation in the specific category, for which mitigation measures have been determined based on a risk assessment (e.g. SORA), and introduced by the European Aviation Safety Agency (hereinafter referred to as the Agency ) in its AMC or in AltMoC provided to the Agency by a competent authority designated by a Member State - Der arbejdes i regi af JARUS med at lave de første standard scenarier - Vil danne grundlag for det videre arbejde i EASA regi - SORA: Specific Operations Risk Assessment - Værktøj til at vurdere risici og mitigerende foranstaltninger ved en specifik operation -

6 SORA YES STEP #0: Check: - if the proposed CONOPS is classified as no-go, or - if the operation can be performed under the OPEN category, or - if there exists a standard scenario corresponding to the proposed CONOPS recognized by the local authority, or - if the local authority has determined that the UAS is harmless for ground & air risks As per section NO STEP #1: CONOPS description As per section and Appendices A.1 and A.2 Step #2: Determination of the intrinsic Ground Risk Class (GRC) As per section Step #6: Determination of the Airspace Encounter Category (AEC) As per section Step # 3: Identification of the harm barriers to reduce the risk to third parties on the ground & GRC Adaptation As per section and Appendix B Step # 7: Determination of the Initial Air Risk Class (ARC) As per section STEP #4: Lethality determination As per section Step # 8: Identification of the Strategic Mitigations, reduction of the initial ARC and SAIL determination As per section and Appendix C If final GRC is higher than 7 STEP #5: SAIL determination based on the final GRC As per section Step # 9: Assess Required Performance Level of Tactical Mitigations As per section and Appendix D STEP #10: Identification of the recommended threat barriers based on the highest SAIL derived from ground and air risk evaluations As per section NO STEP #11: Feasibility check As per section YES STEP #12: Substantiation of the robustness of the proposed threat barriers and assessment of the resulting SAIL for the CONOPS As per section and Appendix E NO Conclusion: Is the resulting SAIL compatible with the SAIL retained in Step 10? As per section YES Other process, stop or new application UAS operation approval (with associated limitations)

7 SORA - SORA proces - Step #2 - Initial Ground Risk Class (GRC) Max UAS characteristics dimension Typical kinetic energy expected Operational scenarios VLOS over controlled area, located inside a sparsely populated environment Intrinsic UAS Ground Risk Class 1 m / approx. 3ft < 700 J (approx. 529 Ft Lb) 3 m / approx. 10ft < 34 KJ (approx Ft Lb) 8 m / approx. 25ft < 1084 KJ (approx Ft Lb) >8 m / approx. 25ft > 1084 KJ (approx Ft Lb) BVLOS over sparsely populated environment (over-flown areas uniformly inhabited) VLOS over controlled area, located inside a populated environment VLOS over populated environment BVLOS over controlled area, located inside a populated environment BVLOS over populated environment VLOS over gathering of people 7 BVLOS over gathering of people 8

8 Der arbejdes i EU regi med at definere trafikstyringssystemer til droner (U-Space) - EASA reglerne er udformet i forventning om at der etableres U-Space - I praksis vil en lang række type operationer i Specified kategori kræve U-Space for at kunne opnå et acceptabelt sikkerhedsniveau

9 U Space is U Space is a set of new services and specific procedures designed to support safe, efficient and secure access to airspace for large numbers of drones. These services rely on a high level of digitalisation and automation of functions, whether they are on board the drone itself, or are part of the ground based environment. U Space provides what is needed to enable and support routine drone operations, as well as a clear and effective interface to manned aviation, ATM/ANS service providers and authorities. Source: A blueprint for U Space, draft version 0.9 SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP 38

10 U Space is a set of services Before operation Flight preparation Flight execution Post flight e registration e identification flight planning flight approval capacity management geofencing meteorological information tracking airspace dynamic information assistance for conflict detection interfaces with ATM/ATC recording playback SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP 40

11 SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP

12 Services, automation, connectivity SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP 44

13 What could be the services? U1 U2 U3 U4 U Space foundation services U Space initial Services U Space enhanced Services U Space full services e registration e identification geofencing flight planning flight approval tracking airspace dynamic information procedural interface with ATC capacity management assistance for conflict detection integrated interfaces with manned aviation additional new services SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP

14 By 2019? Operational Demo Exploration U1 U2 U3 U4 U Space foundation services U Space initial Services U Space enhanced Services U Space full services e registration e identification geofencing flight planning flight approval tracking airspace dynamic information procedural interface with ATC capacity management assistance for conflict detection. integrated interfaces with manned aviation additional new services SESAR U SPACE WORKSHOP