Javaisaprogramminglanguageandaplatform.Javaisahighlevel,robust,objectorientedandsecureprogramminglanguage.

Transkript

1 WhatisJava Javaisaprogramminglanguageandaplatform.Javaisahighlevel,robust,objectorientedandsecureprogramminglanguage. JavawasdevelopedbySunMicrosystems(whichisnowthesubsidiaryofOracle)inthe year1995.jamesgoslingisknownasthefatherofjava.beforejava,itsnamewas Oak.SinceOakwasalreadyaregisteredcompany,soJamesGoslingandhisteam changedtheoaknametojava. Platform:Anyhardwareorsoftwareenvironmentinwhichaprogram runs,isknownas aplatform.sincejavahasaruntimeenvironment(jre)andapi,itiscaledaplatform. JavaExample classsimple{ publicstaticvoidmain(stringargs[]){ System.out.println("HeloJava"); } } Application AccordingtoSun,3biliondevicesrunJava.TherearemanydeviceswhereJavais curentlyused.someofthem areasfolows: DesktopApplicationssuchasacrobatreader,mediaplayer,antivirus,etc. WebApplicationssuchasirctc.co.in,javatpoint.com,etc. EnterpriseApplicationssuchasbankingapplications. Mobile EmbeddedSystem SmartCard Robotics

2 Games,etc. TypesofJavaApplications Therearemainly4typesofapplicationsthatcanbecreatedusingJavaprogramming: 1)StandaloneApplication Standaloneapplicationsarealso known asdesktop applicationsorwindow-based applications.thesearetraditionalsoftwarethatweneedtoinstaloneverymachine. ExamplesofstandaloneapplicationareMediaplayer,antivirus,etc.AWTandSwingare usedinjavaforcreatingstandaloneapplications. 2)WebApplication Anapplicationthatrunsontheserversideandcreatesadynamicpageiscaledaweb application.curently,servlet,jsp,struts,spring,hibernate,jsf,etc.technologiesare usedforcreatingwebapplicationsinjava. 3)EnterpriseApplication Anapplicationthatisdistributedinnature,suchasbankingapplications,etc.iscaled enterpriseapplication.ithasadvantagesofthehigh-levelsecurity,loadbalancing,and clustering.injava,ejbisusedforcreatingenterpriseapplications. 4)MobileApplication Anapplicationwhichiscreatedformobiledevicesiscaledamobileapplication. Curently,AndroidandJavaMEareusedforcreatingmobileapplications. JavaPlatforms/Editions Thereare4platformsoreditionsofJava: 1)JavaSE(JavaStandardEdition) Itis a Java programming platform.itincludes Java programming APIs such as java.lang,java.io,java.net,java.util,java.sql,java.mathetc.itincludescoretopicslike OOPs,String,Regex,Exception,Innerclasses,Multithreading,I/OStream,Networking, AWT,Swing,Reflection,Colection,etc. 2)JavaEE(JavaEnterpriseEdition) Itisan enterprise platform which ismainlyused to develop web and enterprise applications.itisbuiltonthetopofthejavaseplatform.itincludestopicslikeservlet, JSP,WebServices,EJB,JPA,etc.

3 3)JavaME(JavaMicroEdition) Itisamicroplatform whichismainlyusedtodevelopmobileapplications. 4)JavaFX Itisusedtodeveloprichinternetapplications.Itusesalight-weightuserinterfaceAPI. Next Prev HistoryofJava 1.HistoryofJava 2.JavaVersionHistory ThehistoryofJavaisveryinteresting.Javawasoriginalydesignedforinteractive television,butitwastooadvancedtechnologyforthedigitalcabletelevisionindustry atthetime.thehistoryofjavastartswiththegreenteam.javateam members (alsoknownasgreenteam),initiatedthisprojecttodevelopalanguagefordigital devicessuchasset-topboxes,televisions,etc.however,itwassuitedforinternet programming.later,javatechnologywasincorporatedbynetscape. The principles forcreating Java programming were "Simple,Robust,Portable, Platform-independent,Secured,High Performance,Multithreaded,Architecture Neutral,Object-Oriented,Interpreted,andDynamic".JavawasdevelopedbyJames Gosling,whoisknownasthefatherofJava,in1995.JamesGoslingandhisteam membersstartedtheprojectintheearly'90s.

4 Curently,Javaisusedininternetprogramming,mobiledevices,games,e-business solutions,etc.therearegivensignificantpointsthatdescribethehistoryofjava. 1)JamesGosling,MikeSheridan,andPatrickNaughtoninitiatedtheJavalanguage projectinjune1991.thesmalteam ofsunengineerscaledgreenteam. 2)Initialydesignedforsmal,embeddedsystemsinelectronicapplianceslikesettopboxes. 3)Firstly,itwascaled"Greentalk"byJamesGosling,andthefileextensionwas.gt. 4)Afterthat,itwascaledOakandwasdevelopedasapartoftheGreenproject. WhyJavanamed"Oak"? 5)WhyOak?Oakisasymbolofstrengthandchosenasanationaltreeofmany countriesliketheu.s.a.,france,germany,romania,etc. 6)In1995,Oakwasrenamedas"Java"becauseitwasalreadyatrademarkbyOak Technologies. WhyJavaProgrammingnamed"Java"? 7)Whyhad theychosen java name forjava language?theteam gathered to chooseanew name.thesuggestedwordswere"dynamic","revolutionary","silk", "jolt","dna",etc.they wanted something thatreflected the essence ofthe technology:revolutionary,dynamic,lively,cool,unique,andeasytospelandfunto say.

5 AccordingtoJamesGosling,"JavawasoneofthetopchoicesalongwithSilk".Since Javawassounique,mostoftheteam memberspreferedjavathanothernames. 8)JavaisanislandofIndonesiawherethefirstcofeewasproduced(caledjava cofee).itisakindofespressobean.javanamewaschosenbyjamesgosling whilehavingcofeenearhisofice. 9)NoticethatJavaisjustaname,notanacronym. 10)Initialydeveloped byjamesgosling atsun Microsystems(which isnow a subsidiaryoforaclecorporation)andreleasedin )In1995,TimemagazinecaledJavaoneoftheTenBestProductsof )JDK1.0releasedin(January23,1996).AfterthefirstreleaseofJava,therehave beenmanyadditionalfeaturesaddedtothelanguage.now Javaisbeingusedin Windowsapplications,Webapplications,enterpriseapplications,mobileapplications, cards,etc.eachnewversionaddsthenewfeaturesinjava. JavaVersionHistory Manyjavaversionshavebeenreleasedtilnow.ThecurentstablereleaseofJavais JavaSE10. 1.JDKAlphaandBeta(1995) 2.JDK1.0(23rdJan1996) 3.JDK1.1(19thFeb1997) 4.J2SE1.2(8thDec1998) 5.J2SE1.3(8thMay2000) 6.J2SE1.4(6thFeb2002) 7.J2SE5.0(30thSep2004) 8.JavaSE6(11thDec2006) 9.JavaSE7(28thJuly2011)

6 10.JavaSE8(18thMar2014) 11.JavaSE9(21stSep2017) 12.JavaSE10(20thMar2018) FeaturesofJava TheprimaryobjectiveofJavaprogramminglanguagecreationwastomakeitportable, simple and secure programming language.apartfrom this,there are also some excelentfeatureswhichplayanimportantroleinthepopularityofthislanguage.the featuresofjavaarealsoknownasjavabuzzwords. AlistofmostimportantfeaturesofJavalanguageisgivenbelow. JavaFeatures Simple Object-Oriented Portable Platform independent Secured Robust Architectureneutral Interpreted HighPerformance Multithreaded Distributed Dynamic Simple

7 Javaisveryeasytolearn,anditssyntaxissimple,cleanandeasytounderstand. AccordingtoSun,Javalanguageisasimpleprogramminglanguagebecause: JavasyntaxisbasedonC++(soeasierforprogrammerstolearnitafterC++). Javahasremovedmanycomplicatedandrarely-usedfeatures,forexample,explicit pointers,operatoroverloading,etc. Thereisno need to removeunreferenced objectsbecausethereisanautomatic GarbageColectioninJava. Object-oriented Javaisanobject-orientedprogramminglanguage.EverythinginJavaisanobject. Object-orientedmeansweorganizeoursoftwareasacombinationofdiferenttypesof objectsthatincorporatesbothdataandbehavior. Object-oriented programming (OOPs)is a methodology thatsimplifies software developmentandmaintenancebyprovidingsomerules. BasicconceptsofOOPsare: Object Class Inheritance Polymorphism Abstraction Encapsulation

8 Platform Independent Javaisplatform independent Javaisplatform independentbecauseitisdiferentfrom otherlanguageslikec,c++, etc.whicharecompiledintoplatform specificmachineswhilejavaisawriteonce,run anywherelanguage.aplatform isthehardwareorsoftwareenvironmentinwhicha program runs. Therearetwotypesofplatformssoftware-basedandhardware-based.Javaprovidesa software-basedplatform. TheJavaplatform difersfrom mostotherplatformsinthesensethatitisasoftwarebasedplatform thatrunsonthetopofotherhardware-basedplatforms.ithastwo components: RuntimeEnvironment API(ApplicationProgrammingInterface) Javacodecanberunonmultipleplatforms,forexample,Windows,Linux,SunSolaris, Mac/OS,etc.Javacodeiscompiledbythecompilerandconvertedintobytecode.This bytecodeisaplatform-independentcodebecauseitcanberunonmultipleplatforms, i.e.,writeonceandrunanywhere(wora). Secured Javaisbestknownforitssecurity.WithJava,wecandevelopvirus-freesystems.Java issecuredbecause: Noexplicitpointer JavaProgramsruninsideavirtualmachinesandbox howjavaissecured Classloader:ClassloaderinJavaisapartoftheJavaRuntimeEnvironment(JRE)which

9 isusedtoloadjavaclassesintothejavavirtualmachinedynamicaly.itaddssecurity byseparatingthepackagefortheclassesofthelocalfilesystem from thosethatare importedfrom networksources. BytecodeVerifier:Itchecksthecodefragmentsforilegalcodethatcanviolateaccess righttoobjects. SecurityManager:Itdetermineswhatresourcesaclasscanaccesssuchasreadingand writingtothelocaldisk. Javalanguageprovidesthesesecuritiesbydefault.Somesecuritycanalsobeprovided byanapplicationdeveloperexplicitlythroughssl,jaas,cryptography,etc. Robust Robustsimplymeansstrong.Javaisrobustbecause: Itusesstrongmemorymanagement. Thereisalackofpointersthatavoidssecurityproblems. ThereisautomaticgarbagecolectioninjavawhichrunsontheJavaVirtualMachineto getridofobjectswhicharenotbeingusedbyajavaapplicationanymore. Thereareexceptionhandlingandthetypecheckingmechanism injava.althesepoints makejavarobust. Architecture-neutral Javaisarchitectureneutralbecausetherearenoimplementationdependentfeatures, forexample,thesizeofprimitivetypesisfixed. InCprogramming,intdatatypeoccupies2bytesofmemoryfor32-bitarchitectureand 4bytesofmemoryfor64-bitarchitecture.However,itoccupies4bytesofmemoryfor both32and64-bitarchitecturesinjava. Portable JavaisportablebecauseitfacilitatesyoutocarytheJavabytecodetoanyplatform.It

10 doesn'trequireanyimplementation. High-performance JavaisfasterthanothertraditionalinterpretedprogramminglanguagesbecauseJava bytecodeis"close"tonativecode.itisstilalitlebitslowerthanacompiledlanguage (e.g.,c++).javaisaninterpretedlanguagethatiswhyitisslowerthancompiled languages,e.g.,c,c++,etc. Distributed JavaisdistributedbecauseitfacilitatesuserstocreatedistributedapplicationsinJava. RMIandEJBareusedforcreatingdistributedapplications.ThisfeatureofJavamakes usabletoaccessfilesbycalingthemethodsfrom anymachineontheinternet. Multi-threaded A thread is like a separate program,executing concurently.we can write Java programsthatdealwithmanytasksatoncebydefiningmultiplethreads.themain advantageofmulti-threadingisthatitdoesn'toccupymemoryforeachthread.itshares acommonmemoryarea.threadsareimportantformulti-media,webapplications,etc. Dynamic Javaisadynamiclanguage.Itsupportsdynamicloadingofclasses.Itmeansclasses areloadedondemand.italsosupportsfunctionsfrom itsnativelanguages,i.e.,cand C++. Javasupportsdynamiccompilationandautomaticmemorymanagement(garbage colection). Javaapplications WeknowthatJavaisthe Kingofalprogramminglanguages.Sinceitsfoundation,this language has become a backbone forbilions ofdevices and applications.this languageiscontinualyrankedfirstintherankingsofsoftwaredevelopersasthebest choiceofprogramminglanguages.javaisusedinthemajorityofapplications,from mobilephonestoenterpriseserversandcomputingplatforms.

11 Curently,about3bilionmobilephonesareimplementedinJava,aswelasabout125 miliontvsetsandeachblu-rayplayerusejava.everybigorganizationusesjavain onewayoranother.morethan64,000companiesareusingjavaintheunitedstates. Forexample,GoogleusesJavatobuildanddevelopGoogleDocsapplications. YouwouldbewonderingwhyJavaissopopularandwhereitisexactlyused.Inthis articlebytechvidvan,wewillearnaboutthemajorapplicationareasofjava. BelowistheJavaapplicationslist: DesktopGUIApplications MobileApplications EnterpriseApplications ScientificApplications Web-basedApplications EmbeddedSystems BigDataTechnologies DistributedApplications Cloud-basedApplications WebserversandApplicationservers SoftwareTools GamingApplications ApplicationsofJavaProgrammingLanguage applicationsofjava HerearethediferenttypesofJava-basedapplications:

12 1.DesktopGUIApplications DesktopapplicationscanbeeasilydevelopedusingJava.WeuseAPIslikeAWT,Swing, JavaFXtobuildtheseapplications. AWT (AbstractWindowing Toolkit)isan interfaceused to develop window-based applicationsinjava.itis nottotalyjava-based asituseswindow userinterface functionalitiessuchasamenu,buton,list,etc. Swing is a GUIwidgettoolkit,which uses AWT and provides certain advanced componentsliketrees,tables,scrolpanes,tabbedpanelsand,lists.swingis totaly java-based andusesswingpackagesofjavatodevelopapplications.itrespondstoal themouse-clickevents,keyentries,etc., JavaFXisamodernwaytodevelopadesktopapplicationinJava,itisgraph-basedand totalydiferentfrom AWTandSwings. ExamplesofdesktopGUIapplicationsareAcrobatReader,ThinkFree,MediaPlayer, Antiviruses,etc. 2.MobileApplications Amobileapplicationisanapplicationcreatedformobilephonesandtablets.Intoday s era,the majority ofphones and smartdevices have Android OS and Android developmentisnotpossiblewithoutjava.javamicroedition(javameorj2me)isa popularcross-platform frameworkthatisusedtobuildapplicationsthatrunacrossal featurephonesandsmartphones. Moreover,JavaiscompatiblewithAndroidStudioandKotlin.

13 Now,youmustbethinkingwhyonlyforAndroidmobileappdevelopment? ThereasonisthatJavacompilercompilestheJavaclassesintobytecodeandthis bytecoderunsondalvikvirtualmachine(dvm),whichisaspecializedvirtualmachine (VM)forAndroid. ExamplesofmobileapplicationsarePhotoandvideogaleryapps,SimpleCalendar, Netflix,Tinder,QRReader,GoogleEarth,Uber,etc. 3.EnterpriseApplications Anenterpriseapplicationisalargesoftwaresystem whichoperatesinacorporate environment,tosatisfytheneedsofanorganization,ratherthanofindividualusers. Javabecomesthefirstchoiceforthedevelopmentofenterpriseapplicationsbecause ofitsrobustfeaturesthatmatchtherequirementsforthesame.intoday sera,mostof theenterpriseorganizationsarebasedontheapplicationsofjavaonlybecauseitisthe mostsecure,powerful,scalablelanguage.oraclecorporationclaimsthat about97%of enterpriseapplicationsusejavafordevelopmentoflarge-scalesoftware.javaee (JavaEnterpriseEdition)isanAPIthatisusedtoprovidethetoolsnecessarytodevelop large-scale,multi-tiered,scalable,reliable,distributedandsecurednetworkapplications inenterprises. Javafulfilsthemostessentialneedoftheseenterprises,whichissecurity,asJavaruns insidethejvm (JavaVirtualMachine),whichverifiesthebytecodecomingfrom the externalsystems,whichultimatelypreventsthesecuritybreaches.thisisthereason whymostofthebankingapplicationsaredevelopedonthejavaplatform. Moreover,Javaimprovestheperformanceoftheseapplications,asitcomeswith strongmemorymanagement,whichautomaticalydeletestheunusedmemory. ApplicationsofJavacaneasilybemadescalableinordertoincreasethenumberof usersontheenterpriseapplicationsite. CompanieslikeNaukri,Jabong,Google,Myntra,Flipkart,Trivago,ibibo,TripAdvisor, Spotify,Uber,TCS,Infosys,HCL,Wipro,Pinterest,eBay,etcuseJava.

14 ExamplesofenterpriseapplicationsareBusinesscorporations,schools,banks,ERP (EnterpriseResourcePlanning)andCRM (CustomerResourceManagement)systems, clubs,charities,governments,interest-basedusergroups,etc. 4.ScientificApplications A scientific application is an application thatafects real-world activities using mathematics.javasupportsthedevelopmentofscientificapplications,becauseofits powerfulfeatures. Javabecomesthebestchoiceforwritingscientificapplicationsinvolvingscientific calculationsandmathematicaloperations.itprovidesafast,secureandhighlyportable environmenttotheseapplications,whichisthebasicrequirementfortheseapplications. Ithaspowerfulmathematicalcalculationswhichhavetogivethesameresultson diferentplatforms,thismakesthechoiceforthedeveloperstooptjavaforscientific applications. MATLAB (MathematicalLaboratory)which is one ofthe mostpopularscientific applications,usesjavafordevelopingbothfront-end(interactiveuser-interface)and back-end(acorepartofthesystem). Thefront-endandback-endofthescientificapplicationsarebothbasedonJava.For thefront-end,javaprovidesstruts,jsp(javaserverpages),servlets.fortheback-end, corejavacanbeusedinservlets. Examples ofscientific applications are applications related to research,science, medicalscience,space,aeronautics,etc. 5.Web-basedApplications Awebapplicationisaclient-serverprogram thatisdeliveredontheinternetthrougha browserinterface. Javasupportsthedevelopmentofweb-applicationswiththehelpofservlets,struts, JSP(JavaServerPages)andJSF(JavaServerFaces),Spring,HibernateandwebserverslikeApacheTomcat,ApacheHTTPweb-server,Resin,adobeJRun,etc.

15 Withthehelpofthesetechnologies,wecandevelopanykindofweb-basedapplication. ServletsandJSPsaretheserver-sidecomponentsthathelptodevelopthebusiness logicofthewebapplication.jspisanextensionoftheservletasithasmorefeatures ascomparedtotheservlet. E-commercewebapplicationsalsouseJavawiththehelpofopen-sourceeCommerce platforms,suchasbroadleaf. Javaprovideseasycodingandhighsecuritywhichenablesthedevelopmentofalarge numberofapplicationsforhealth,socialsecurity,education,andinsurance. Examplesofweb-basedapplicationsareirctc.co.in,onlineforms,shoppingcarts,Gmail, GoogleSheets,GoogleSlidesandmanymore. 6.EmbeddedSystems Anembeddedsystem,alsoknownasanintegratedsystem,isacombinationofmany smalcomputingunitsthatassembletogethertoperform dedicatedfunctionsforthe largersystems. Embeddedsystemsarepresenteverywhere.Don tbelieveit?mostofususethem withoutknowing.forexample,amotorsystem,entertainmentandmultimediainacar, E-commerce,wireless communication,mobile computing and networking use an embeddedsystem. EmbeddedsystemsuseJavafordevelopment.Originaly,Javawasdesignedforthe purposeofdevelopingembeddedsystems. Javashowshow eficientitsplatform is,forwhichthereisaneedofjust130kbsto useitonsmartcardsorsensors. Javaisfastwhichcanbeimportantwhenusinglow-power/low-speedprocessors,and itsrobustnesswhichmeanshandlesexceptionssafely. SIM (SubscriberIdentityModule)cardsinourphoneshavebeenrunningavariantofthe

16 JVM(JavaCard)fornearly20years. Otherdevices like BlueRay Disc players,utility meters and televisions use Java technology.accordingtooraclecorporation, 100% ofblu-raydiscplayersand125 miliontvdevicesusejava. 7.BigDataTechnologies Theterm bigdataisdefinedas extremelylargeandcomplexdatasetsthatmaybe analyzedtoextractpaterns,trends,andusefulinformation.itisoneofthemost populartopicsintheworldofthelatesttechnology.javaistheperspectiveofbigdata. Today,manydevelopersareswitchingtheircareerstoBigDataTechnology. Anopen-sourceframework,caledHadoop,associatedwithbigdata,iswriteninJava. Moreover,theAutomaticGarbageColectionandstrongmemorymanagementgiveit higherpriorityovertheotherprogramminglanguages. ManyprominentbigdatatechnologieslikeApacheHadoop,ApacheSpark,Apache Mahout,etcarethesub-projectsofJava. Also,themostpowerfulprogramminglanguageslikeScala(ScalableLanguage),apure object-orientedlanguage,isbasedonjava.scalaprogramsareeasilyconvertibleinto bytecode;whichcanrunonthejvm. HadoopandotherbigdatatechnologiesarealsousingJavainonewayortheother.For example,apache sjava-basedhbaseandaccumulo(opensource),andelasticsearch aswel. 8.DistributedApplications Adistributedapplicationisanapplicationorsoftwarethatexecutesorrunsonmultiple computerswithinanetwork. Distributed applications orsystems have manycommon requirements thatoccur especialybecauseofthedistributedanddynamicnatureoftheplatformstheyoperate on.javaofersoptionstorealizetheseapplications. RMI(Remote ProcedureInvocation)and CORBA (Common ObjectRequestBroker Architecture)aretheAPIstodevelopdistributedapplications. TheJini(JavaInteligentNetworkingInfrastructure)givesaninfrastructuretoprovide, register,andfinddistributedservicesbasedonitsspecifications.anessentialpartof

17 JiniisJavaSpaces,thatsupportsdistribution,persistence,andmigrationofobjectsina distributedenvironment. 9.Cloud-basedApplications Cloudcomputingmeanson-demanddeliveryofITresourcesviatheInternet,including storage,servers,databases,networking,andsoftwarewithapay-as-you-go pricing model.itprovidesasolutionforitinfrastructureatalowcost,aswecansavefileson remotedatabasesandretrievethem ondemand. Nodoubtyou recurioushowjavaprogrammingfitsintothecloudcomputingpicture. Javahaslong beentheprogramming languagethatprovidesastructureforweb applications,andnow ithasreachedcloudapplications,becauseofitsdistributed nature. Java providesuswith featuresthatcan help usbuild applicationsused in SaaS (Software-as-a-service),IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-service)and PaaS (Platform-as-aservice)development. TherearemanyJavaclouddevelopmenttools.Forexample,OracleJavacloudservice providesaplatform todevelopandconfiguretheoracleservers. Javacanservethecompaniestobuildtheirapplicationsremotelyorhelpthem share datawithothers,accordingtotheirneeds. 10.WebServersandApplicationServers Awebserverisacomputerprogram thatuseshttp(hypertexttransferprotocol)and otherprotocols,tostore,process,andrespondtoclientrequestsmadeoverwww (WorldWideWeb).Awebserverisasystem thatrunswebsitesanddeliverswebpages tousers. Anapplicationserver(orappserver)isasoftwareframeworkthatstoresthebusiness logicforanapplicationprogram andhandlesaloperationsbetweentheclient-endand theback-endoforganizations.itisnotlimitedtohttpbutcandoabunchofotherstuf. Javaecosystem containsmultiplejavawebserversandapplicationservers.

18 JavaprovideswebserversincludingApacheTomcat,Simple,Jo!,RimfaxeWebServer (RWS)ApacheHTTPserver,Resin,AdobeJRun,andProjectJigsaw. WebLogic,GlassFish,WildFly,WebSphere,and JBoss EAP occupy commercial applicationserverspace. 11.SoftwareTools Asoftwaretoolisasetofcomputerprogramsthatdevelopersusetodevelop,analyze, maintain,debug,orsupportotherapplicationsandprograms.manydevelopersuse Javatowriteanddevelopusefulsoftwaretools. ExamplesofsoftwaretoolsareEclipse,InteliJIdea,andNetBeansIDE. 12.GamingApplications Javaprovestobeoneofthebestplatformsfordeveloping2-Dimensionalgames. TodayalmosteverypersonhasanAndroidphonethathasAndroidgamesinit.Android gamescannotbebuiltwithoutjava. JavasupportsjMonkeyEnginewhichisthemostpowerfulopen-source3D-Engineand hasthecapacitytodesign3-dimensionalgames. AndroidgamesuseJavaasaprimarylanguagebecauseJavasupportstheDalvik VirtualMachine(DVM)whichisspecialydesignedtorunontheAndroidplatform