Dansk standard DS/EN 14731 1. udgave 2006-02-24 Udførelse af specielle geotekniske arbejder Jordbearbejdning ved dybdevibration Execution of special geotechnical works Ground treatment by deep vibration
DS/EN 14731 København DS projekt: M211361 ICS: 93.020 Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/EN, hvilket betyder, at det er en europæisk standard, der har status som dansk standard. Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: IDT med: EN 14731:2005. DS-publikationen er på engelsk. DS-publikationstyper Dansk Standard udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden. Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard, eller standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standard DS-information publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en teknisk rapport, eller europæisk præstandard DS-håndbog samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materiale DS-hæfte publikation med informativt materiale Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives tillæg og rettelsesblade DS-publikationsform Publikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie) DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr., fx DS 383, DS/EN 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet et A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden. Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være IDT, EQV, NEQ eller MOD IDT: Når publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. EQV: Når publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men præsentationen er ændret. NEQ: Når publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. MOD: Når publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 14731 September 2005 ICS 93.020 English Version Execution of special geotechnical works - Ground treatment by deep vibration Exécution de travaux géotechniques spéciaux - Amélioration des massifs de sol par vibration This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 August 2005. Ausfürung von besonderen geotechnischen Arbeiten (Spezialtiefbau) - Baugrundverbesserung durch Tiefenrüttelverfahren CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14731:2005: E
Contents page Foreword...4 1 Scope...5 2 Normative references...5 3 Terms and definitions...6 4 Information needed for the execution of the work...7 4.1 General...7 4.2 Special features for ground treatment by deep vibration...7 5 Geotechnical investigation...8 5.1 General...8 5.2 Specific aspects for deep vibratory compaction...8 5.3 Specific aspects for vibrated stone columns...9 6 Materials and products...9 6.1 General...9 6.2 Materials for deep vibratory compaction...9 6.3 Materials for vibrated stone columns...9 7 Considerations related to design...10 7.1 General...10 7.2 Selection of treatment method...10 7.3 Design verification...11 7.4 Extent and layout of treatment...11 7.5 Sequence of treatment...11 8 Execution...12 8.1 General...12 8.2 Site preparation...12 8.3 Setting out...12 8.4 Treatment...12 9 Supervision, testing and monitoring...13 9.1 Supervision and monitoring...13 9.2 Testing...14 10 Records...15 10.1 Records in connection with the execution of the ground treatment...15 10.2 Records at completion of the ground treatment...16 11 Special requirements...16 11.1 General...16 2
11.2 Safety...16 11.3 Environmental protection...16 11.4 Impact on adjacent structures...17 Annex A (informative) Deep vibratory compaction...18 Annex B (informative) Installation of vibrated stone columns...20 B.1 General...20 B.2 Dry top-feed process...20 B.3 Wet process...21 B.4 Dry bottom-feed process...22 Bibliography...24 3
Foreword This European Standard (EN 14731:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 Execution of special geotechnical works, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 4
1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to the planning, execution, testing and monitoring of ground treatment by deep vibration achieved by depth vibrators and compaction probes. The following types of treatment are covered by this European Standard: deep vibratory compaction to densify the existing ground; vibrated stone columns to form a stiffened composite ground structure by the insertion of granular material which itself shall be densified. Generally, stone columns have a diameter greater than 0,6 m and lower than 1,2 m. The following treatment methods are covered by this European Standard: methods in which depth vibrators, containing oscillating weights which cause horizontal vibrations, are inserted into the ground; methods in which compaction probes are inserted into the ground using a vibrator which remains at the ground surface and which in most cases oscillates in a vertical mode. Treatment methods are outlined in Annexes A and B. The following treatment methods, among others, are not included in this European Standard: methods in which sand or stone columns are installed by means of impact or top vibratory driven casing; methods in which very stiff columns are formed either by the addition of cement to granular material or by the use of concrete or any other binder; dynamic compaction and other methods in which some form of treatment is applied to the ground surface; explosive compaction. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 791, Drill rigs Safety EN 996, Piling equipment Safety requirements EN 1990, Eurocode: Basis of structural design EN 1997-1:2004, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules pren 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 2: Ground investigation and testing 5