- Teknologimodning af keramiske elektrolysesystemer (Maturing SOEC)

Transkript

1 Den danske brint- og brændselscelledag Teknologimodning af keramiske elektrolysesystemer (Maturing SOEC) Peter Blennow Haldor Topsoe 1

2 Kategorier, partnere og nøgletal Projektet er støttet af EUDP i perioden til Projektpartnere: Haldor Topsoe A/S DTU Energi Dansk Solenergi ApS Samlet budget DKK 23 mio og et tilskud fra EUDP på DKK mio. 2

3 Projektbeskrivelse/formål/målsætninger Projektet vil teknologimodne keramiske elektrolyse-systemer mod nuværende markeder som off-grid ellagring og fremstilling af gasser til den kemiske industri. Der er stadig udfordringer, der skal overvindes vedrørende degradering, robusthed og omkostninger, før store anlæg kan realiseres. I den sammenhæng kan visse nichemarkeder fungere som nødvendige trædesten for yderligere udvikling af teknologien. Målsætning: Afbøde de væsentligste degraderingsmekanismer og holdbarhedsmæssige udfordringer på celle- og stakniveau. Demonstrere reversibel tryksat drift. Tryksat reversibel drift kan reducere systeminvesteringsomkostningerne og forbedre virkningsgraden. Identificere og nærme sig nichemarkeder for at modne SOEC-teknologien 3

4 Maturing SOEC - WPs 4

5 WP1 - Cells Lifetime test >10 khrs done on cell level under realistic stack operating conditions (H2O/H2) Inferior durability when testing with CO2/CO as fuel likely due to gas impurities! 5

6 WP2 - Stacks 75-cell TSP1 with 56 voltage wires for impedance measurements Can be used to deconvolute resistance contributions in commercial stacks. Milestone report summarizing critical degradation mechanisms and end-of-life criteria By DTU Energy 6

7 WP2 - Stacks TSP-1.3 stacks with: Improved gas flow distribution Improved contact layer Stacks partly developed in the ForskEL project Towards SOEC plants in 2020 >1 year operation in system-like test demonstrated 7

8 WP3 Advanced modeling Model for homogenization of the creep and contact. Can be used to determine the stress in the interface between cells and interconnects in order to mitigate loss of contact 2D unit cell model to include diffusion related effects more accurately. Possible to integrate in HTAS 3D COMSOL stack model Cluster calculations and unique features of HTAS 3D COMSOL stack model allows for simulation and screening of safe window of operation 8

9 WP4 Pressurized operation and RSOC Internal CH4 formation (SOEC) and reforming (SOFC) can potentially enable system conversion efficiencies (P2G2P) reaching 70-80%. First test with full sized stack show that internal CH4 formation (SOEC) and reforming (SOFC) is possible at elevated pressure (19 bar)! 9

10 WP5 Market opportunities Report on Market analysis of off-grid power systems requiring extended storage time - by Dansk Solenergi ApS Off-grid power systems is gaining interest globally Grid-scale energy storage is a huge untapped market. Energy storage will play a key role for smarter/flexible grids Huge market potential for energy storage, IF costs are brought down for converting/storing the electricity. Economy of scale (production) to lower cost is essential Smart control and H2 storage can be economically favorable opens for slightly more expensive storage methods. SOEC/SOFC is not cost competitive (not mature enough) yet to be considered 10

11 WP5 Market opportunities Haldor Topsoe has identified a entry/niche market for SOEC. On-site, on demand CO from CO2 ecos ( electrolytic CO solution ) Commercial demonstration unit in operation in US since Q Max capacity: 12 Nm 3 CO/h. 11

12 WP5 Market opportunities Haldor Topsoe has identified a entry/niche market for SOEC. On-site, on demand CO from CO2 Contract for new unit signed with Gas Innovations (TX, USA) Will be able to produce 96 Nm 3 CO / h (up to % pure) Approximately 300 kw SOEC unit Expected delivery to customer in 2018 Opens up for a new segment of green and sustainable chemicals Focus now on global marketing of ecos 12

13 Conclusions and perspectives Stepping stone approach/strategy Niche markets must be found commercially competitive (cost or application) Business cases must be commercially attractive from the start Integration with other technologies will be essential for larger systems > 1MW Lifetime, robustness and cost are important for SOEC technology, but also to demonstrate the benefit of system integration Small-scale systems <1 MW important as stepping stones 13