Householdsincreasinglydependentonfoodassistanceandnegativecopingstrategiestocoverfoodgap Keypoints Indicatorsshow thatfoodconsumptiondeterioratedinsa dah HouseholdrelianceonthemostseverenegativecopingstrategiesincreasedinNovember Overhalfofhouseholdswithinadequatefoodconsumptionaredependentonfoodassistanceastheirprimary sourceoffood Situationupdate WFP/MENA AtthebeginningofNovember,theconflictescalatedinYemenleadingtotheclosureofallandborders,seaportsandairports,whichpreventedcommercialandhumanitariangoodsfrom enteringthecountry.the costoffood,water,fuelandotherhouseholdgoodsincreasedsharply.theblockadewaspartialyliftedon13november;however,seaandairportsinthenorthremainedinaccessibleuntil25november.accesstoal HudaydahandalSaleefportshassincebeenrestoredforhumanitariancargoandintherecentannouncementtheambassadorofSaudiArabiatoYemen,alsoannouncedthatfor30days,theportofHudaydahandal Saleefareopenforcommercialshipmentsoffood,fuelandothernon-fooditems.TheWFP-charteredvesselMVAmazon,thefirsthumanitarianfoodshipmentsincetheblockadebegan,arrivedatalSaleefporton 26Novembercarrying25,000tonsofwheat,enoughtofeedover1.8milionpeopleforonemonth. Between17Apriland26November,thetotalof959,810suspectedcholeracaseswerereportedinYemen,with2,219associateddeaths.Adropinreportedcaseshaspromptedareductionofcholeraresponse activities. Source1:OCHAHumanitarianBuletin,Yemen Source2:WHOYemenCholeraResponse,November2017
InNovember2017,mVAM conductedthe27throundofhouseholdfoodsecuritymonitoringinyemenvialivetelephoneinterviews.datawerecolectedbetween1and18november.responsesarelikelytobebiased towardsyounger,somewhatbetter-off householdswholiveinurbanareasandhavebetteraccesstoelectricityandphone-chargingservices.inmarch2016,aquestiononthenumberofactivemobilephoneowners perhouseholdwasintroducedtothequestionnairetoadjustforthefactthathouseholdswithmorephonesaremorelikelytobeselected.thefindingsofthisreportareweightedbythenumberofsim cardsheldby householdsandthepopulationestimatesforidpsandnon-idps.themapspresentasnapshotofhouseholdfoodconsumptionpatternsatthetimeofdatacolectionanddonotrepresenttheprevalenceoffood insecurityatpopulationlevel(asisthecaseforipcmaps).detailsonmethodologyandaggregatedatatablesareavailableonline. HouseholdsSurveyed 2,422 Averageageof 40 Displacementstatus 68.8% Non-IDP 31.2% IDP GenderHeadofHousehold 3.1% Female 96.9% Male ResidenceType Guest 8.2% Rental 32.2% Other 4. Ownhome 55.6% http:/vam.wfp.org/sites/mvam_monitoring/read_me_yemen.pdf
FoodconsumptionworsensinSa dah Map2: % ofhouseholdswithpoororborderlinefoodconsumption Clickononeormoregovernoratesonthemaptogetthecorrespondentfigures1and2 Thenationalmeanfoodconsumptionscore(FCS)wasstablebetweenOctoberandNovember(Figure1).Concurrently,50percentofthesurveyed populationreportedhavinginadequatefoodconsumption. OverhalfthesurveyedgovernoratesreportedameanFCSbelow thenationalaverage,withthelowestlevelsrecordedinraymah(36.0),albayda (37.2)andTaizz(37.8).Inthesegovernorates,morethan60percentofthesurveyedpopulationhavepoororborderlinefoodconsumption.The weeklydietofthesehouseholdsconsistsmainlyofstaplefoodsandsugar,whichareeatenfivetimesaweek.pulses,vegetablesanddairy productsareconsumedtwiceaweek,andfruitandanimalproteinlessthanonceaweek. DespiteWFPassistancecontinuetoreachalmost75percentofthepopulationinSa ada,afalinthemeanfcshasbeennoticedinsa dah governorate,from 52.4inOctoberto45.6inNovember.Consequently,theshareofhouseholdswithpoororborderlinefoodconsumptionhas risenfrom 35percentto50percent. -3 3-55% 55% -7 >7 Figure1.MeanFCS,2017vs.2016vs.2014(pre-crisis) Figure2.Percentageofhouseholdswithpoorandborderlinefoodconsumpt. Figure3.HouseholdswithpoorandborderlineFoodConsumptionby: DisplacementStatus 50.0 47.9 Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunJul Aug Sep Oct Nov 2014(CFSS) 6 6 45.0 46.0 44.3 46.7 47.0 46.8 47.0 45.6 44.4 44.7 43.4 42.6 43.0 44.4 44.6 4 2 27.3% 27.3% 26.5% 27.3% 25.5% 25.6% 28.2% 27. 23.4% 20.2% 24.8% 24.8% 4 2 31.1% 25. 28.9% 24.5% 40.0 May July August September October November IDP Non-IDP 2016 2017 BorderlineFC PoorFC BorderlineFC PoorFC
Riseinfood-relatednegativecopingstrategies Map3.rCSIbygovernorate,October2017 Clickononeormoregovernoratesonthemaptogetthecorrespondentfigures5and6 Theuseoffood-relatednegativecopingstrategiescontinuedtobewidespreadacrossYemeninNovember,with91percentofhouseholdsemployingatleast oneofthefivemonitoredstrategies.thenationalmeanreducedcopingstrategiesindex(rcsi)washigherinnovember(21.1)thanoctober(20.3),indicating increasedlevelsofstressamonghouseholds.thistrendwasmainlyseeninalbaydagovernorate,wheremeanrcsirosefrom 20.3inOctoberto22.8in November.Theuseofconsumption-basedstrategiesisparticularlyhighinHajah(25.7),wheremorethan80percentofhouseholdsareeatingsmaler portions,eatingfewermealsaday,andrestrictingtheconsumptionofadultssosmalchildrencaneat. Overal,householdsreportedrelyingmorefrequentlyonthetwomostseverecopingstrategies:borrowingfood(usedby52percentofhouseholdsinOctober and57percentinnovember)andrestrictingadultconsumptionsosmalchildrencaneat(60percentinoctoberand64percentinnovember).themeanrcsi foridpsroseinnovember,reaching26.3.thisishigherthanthenationalaverage(21.1)andhigherthanthemeanrcsiofnon-displacedhouseholds(20.6).in November,morehouseholdsreportedfoodassistanceastheirprimarysourceoffood(24percent).Thisreliancewasgreateramongdisplacedhouseholds(39 percent)thanresidenthouseholds(23percent).around25percentofhouseholdswithpoorfoodconsumptionand31percentofthosewithborderline consumptionarereliantonfoodassistanceastheirmainsourceoffood,comparedwith19percentofhouseholdswithacceptablefoodconsumption.the marketisthemainsourceoffoodfor37percentofthosewithacceptablefoodconsumption,30percentofthosewithpoorconsumptionand26percentof thosewithborderlineconsumption. 0-15 15-20 >20 Figure4.MeanrCSI,2017vs.2016vs.2014(pre-crisis) Figure6:Percentageofhouseholdsusingnegativecopingstrategiesin November2017 Figure7.Householdcopingstrategiesby: DisplacementStatus 30 20 10 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 19.3 21.2 20.8 21.0 22.4 22.0 22.1 22.3 21.6 22.6 22.0 21.2 20.9 20.9 22.1 21.0 21.0 21.9 20.3 21.6 21.1 2014(CFSS) 10 5 75.1% 75.9% 67.9% 57. 63.6% 5 Lessexpensive food 10 82.5% 74.4% Limitportion sizes 75.1% 84.1% Reducenumber Borrow Food Restrictadults ofmeals consumption 80.3% 66.8% 66. 56.2% 62.2% 79. 0 2016 2017 Lessexpensive food Limitportion sizes Reduce number. Borrow Food Restrictadults consumption IDP Non-IDP
Householdsconcernedabouthighfoodpricesandfoodscarcity Householdswereaskedtosharetheiropinionsonthemainissues affectingfoodsecurityintheircommunities.themostrecurrentterms intheirrepliesrevealtheirconcerns:shortagesoffoodandmoney,lack ofdrinkingwater,needforassistance,highfoodprices, unemployment,anddiseases. Inthegraphicbelow,responsesareviewablebyhoveringoverthe circles.responsescanalsobefilteredbyoneormoreofthefolowing criteria:sexoftheheadofhousehold,displacementstatus,food assistancereceived,governorateand/orkeywords. Filters GenderofHeadofHousehold Displacementstatus Receivedfoodassistance? Bygovern. Al Bykeywor Ạl ThecolourofthebubblerepresentstheFoodConsumption(FCS); redbubblesrepresentpoorandborderlinewhilegreen representacceptable.thesizerepresentstherespondent'sage.toundo.
Forfurtherinformation Endalkachew Alamnew endalkachew.alamnew@wfp.org RomeHQ ArifHusain ChiefEconomist&DeputyDirector PolicyandProgrammeDivision arif.husain@wfp.org JonathanRivers Head,mVAM jonathan.rivers@wfp.org RESOURCES mvam Monitoringweb: http:/vam.wfp.org/sites/mvam_monitoring/ VAM ResourceCentre http:/resources.vam.wfp.org/mvam Blog http:/mvam.org/ Toolkit: http:/resources.vam.wfp.org/mvam Twitter https:/twitter.com/mobilevam