Peter Kristensen, European Environment Agency

Peter Kristensen, European Environment Agency

EU water policies Water Framework Directive Results on Status, Pressures and Impacts WFD implementation issues

European Commission, DG Environment, responsible for compliance issues Bathing Water Directive Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive Nitrate Directive Water Framework Directive (WFD) Marine Strategy Framework Directive(MSFD)

Implementation of the UWWTD has led to improvements in wastewater treatment and a reduced discharge of nutrients and organic pollution to freshwater. North Central South East South-east

Nitrate (mg N/l) < 0.8 0.8-2 2-3.6 3.6-5.6 5.6-11.3 > 11.3 See WISE http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/water/mapviewers/soe-ri-ni

9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 West (847) East (467) North (266) DK (39) SE (113)

Introducing the river basin approach Protecting all water bodies, including transitional waters and coastal waters Covering all impacts on waters Achievement of good status in all water bodies and no deterioration of status

22 March 2010 : Reporting of River Basin Management Plan including programme of measures. There are however serious delays in some parts of the EU, and in several countries consultations are still ongoing.

GREEN - River Basin Management Plans adopted! YELLOW - consultations finalised, but awaiting adoption. RED - consultation have not started or ongoing.

+200 pages report in own language Ecological status Pressures Programme of Measures Annexes and background documents (+1000) 170 RBMPs

170 RBMPs Analysis DG Environment Blueprint to Safeguard European Waters WFD implementation Water scarcity & drought Climate change & water EEA State of European Water Other information Synthesis/integrated Water assessment Baseline (Status of waters and pressures affecting them) Further assessments e.g. water resource efficiency, water accounts, ecosystem goods and services Thematic (focused) assessments 2012 State of Water Assessments

100 % Ecological status/potential by count 80 % 60 % High 40 % Good Moderate 20 % Poor 0 % River water bodies (75074) Lake water bodies (13745) Coastal Water (2192) Transitional water (624) Bad

No pressures (21620) Other pressures (4788) River mgt (11846) Hydromorphology (26217) Water abstraction (5548) Diffuse sources (24693) Point sources (14258) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% < 15 (9352) 15-50 (12386) 50-100 (19833) 100-200 (16979) > 200 (6911) Bad Poor Moderate Good High

Denmark has four river basin districts (RBDs) RBD I : Jylland and Fyn, RBD 2 : Sjælland, RBD 3 : Bornholm, International RBD 4 : Kruså-Vidå sharing water courses with Germany to the south. Draft River Basin Management Plans have been issued for 15 subdistricts to RBD 1, and 6 subdistricts of RBD 2.

28/10/2010: Commission urges seven Member States to submit river basin plans The European Commission is urging seven Member States to comply with EU water legislation and submit their plans for managing Europe's river basins. The Member States concerned are Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, Malta, Portugal and Slovenia. The river basin management plans should have been adopted by 22 December 2009 at the latest. In the absence of satisfactory responses from the Member States concerned within two months, the Commission may refer them to the European Court of Justice. 24/11/2010: Commission asks Denmark to comply with EU water legislation The European Commission is asking Denmark to address a number of issues of non-conformity between national and EU water legislation. Denmark has two months to comply with the request. Failing this, the Commission may decide to refer the case to the European Court of Justice. 06/04/2011: The European Commission is taking Belgium, Denmark, Greece and Portugal to court over their failure to comply with EU water legislation and submit plans for managing their river basins. 27/10/2011: Commission asks Belgium, Denmark, Finland and Sweden to recover costs of all water services The Commission is concerned that Belgium, Denmark, Finland and Sweden have incorrectly implemented the concept of water services as described in EU water legislation leading to inappropriate water pricing.

09/02/2011 Landbruget får 12 år ekstra til at reducere kvælstofudslip Miljøministeren vil give landbruget 12 år ekstra til at sænke udvaskningen af kvælstof, da hun ellers frygter, at landmændene vil flytte til Tyskland. Dermed skal de først opfylde EU's krav i 2027. 06/04/2011 EU Commission is taking Denmark, to court over their failure to comply with EU water legislation and submit plans for managing their river basins. 06/04/2011»Det er helt afgørende at slå fast, at stævningen fra EU- Kommissionen ikke handler om indholdet af vandplanerne. Vi stævnes, fordi vi har sprunget nogle formelle tidsfrister, som er i direktivet i forhold til forberedelsen af vandplanerne. Sagen handler alene om, at vi ikke har gjort os færdige med det forberedende og administrative arbejde i tide,«siger miljøminister Karen Ellemann. 19/04/2011 Vandplaner sender prisen på drikkevand i vejret Flere større forsyningsselskaber melder ud at, priserne på vand vil stige som følge af vandplanerne. 01/09/2011 Venstre vil rulle vandplaner tilbage Ledende venstrepolitikere mener, at regeringens egne vandplaner skal tages af bordet, fordi de hviler på et forældet grundlag. Mere end 4.000 høringssvar vil så være spildt.

Environmental objectives EU Member States should aim to achieve good status in all bodies of surface water and groundwater by 2015 unless there are grounds for derogation then achievement of good status may be extended to 2021 or by 2027 at the latest. Good status means that certain standards have been met for the ecology, chemistry and quantity of waters. In general terms good status means that water only shows slight change from what would normally be expected under undisturbed conditions. There is also a general no deterioration provision to prevent deterioration in status.

UK http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/files/pb13319-eiyp2009-091119.pdf Czech Rep. 1991-92 Czech Rep. 2007-08 River water quality, United Kingdom, 1990-2009 - % at least good quality Source: CZ http://issar.cenia.cz/issar/page.php?id=1775 &

Ecological status 100% 80% 60% 40% Bad Poor Moderate Good High 20% 0% CZ UK

2015 2027

RBD Surface waters % good status Grounds for deadline extention and less stringent environmental objectives Objectives meet 2009 Objectives meet 2015 Deadline extension and less stringent objectives Technical feasibility Disproportionate costs Natural conditions

Kilde: http://www.vandognatur.dk/emner/vandplaner/vandomraaderne/2_3_oeresund.htm

The WFD allows Member States to designate some of their surface waters as heavily modified water bodies or artificial water bodies whereby they will not need to meet the same quality criteria required of other surface waters. They will need to meet the good ecological potential criterion for these ecosystems rather than good ecological status. Once a water body has been identified as HMWB water uses such as hydropower production; land drainage and flood protection may be accepted.

Schleswig-Holstein river WBs Schlei/Trave 158 HMA/274 WBs Eider 135 HMA/ 135 WBs Elbe 1542 HMA/ 2775 WBs

Opland Vandløbslængde Kunstige & modificerede vandløb Randers Fjord oplandet Vandløb 2353 km Ca. 110 km kunstige og ca. 15 km stærkt Odense Fjord oplandet Vandløb 1099 km modificerede vandløb Ca. 125 km kunstige og ca. 24 km stærkt modificerede vandløb Limfjorden opland Vandløb 4118 km Ca. 269 km kunstige og ca. 30 km stærkt modificerede vandløb Smålandsfarvandet Vandløb 2862 km Ca. 186km kunstige og ca. 211 km stærkt modificerede vandløb Kilde http://www.naturstyrelsen.dk/vandet/vandplaner/s e_vandplanerne/basisana lyser/i_2_limfjorden.htm Regulering og grødeskæring i vandløb bevirker ensartede bund- og strømforhold, hvilket modvirker udviklingen af et varieret dyre- og planteliv.

Ny vandplan giver flere oversvømmelser Hvis sommerhusejere og landmænd er trætte af oversvømmelser nu så bare vent. Det kan blive meget værre. Nye vandplaner er ved at blive vedtaget. Vandplaner der kan betyde yderligere oversvømmelser. TV2east 19/08/2011 Overilede vandplaner kan give flere oversvømmelser EU presser på for at få regeringen til at offentliggøre de endelig vandplaner. Men det kan gøre slemt værre, mener viceformanden fra Landbrug og Fødevarer. Alt for mange vandløb bliver klassificerede som naturlige, og det gør det svært at forhindre oversvømmelser, fordi vandløbene ikke kan vedligeholdes ordentligt. Folketidende.dk 28/10/2011 Ida Auken beroliger sommerhusejere Danmarks kommende vandplaner vil ikke skabe oversvømmelsesrisici i sommerhusområder, siger miljøministeren. Folketidende.dk 17/11/2011

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