デンマークの住宅タイプと社会住宅の経営管理の特徴に関する研究

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1 カテゴリー Ⅱ 日本建築学会計画系論文集第 81 巻第 730 号, ,2016 年 12 月 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 81 No. 730, , Dec., 2016 DOI デンマークの住宅タイプと社会住宅の経営管理の特徴に関する研究 STUDY OF THE TYPES OF MULITIPLE HOUSING IN DENMARK AND THE FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL HOUSING 辻壽一 * **, 馬場麻衣 Toshikazu TSUJI and Mai BABA There are social housings in Denmark as the role of public housings. Social housings in Denmark are the housings that residents themselves establish a housing organization with the financial support from the state and multiple authority, construct and manage a rental housing. The minimum unit of social housing organization is the department. The department has the autonomy, and has no risk to be affected by the financial collapse of the other department of that organization. The social housing, on the construction, maintenance, management and funds, has a sustainable mechanism. Keywords : Social housing, Housing organization, Tenant democracy, Sustainable, Public subsidies Public Housing Associatin Social Housing Organisatin Ostlund * ** 大阪樟蔭女子大学教授博士 ( 学術 ) 北海道立総合研究機構北方建築総合研究所研究職員博士 ( 工学 ) Prof., Osaka Shoin Womenʼs University, Ph.D. Researcher, Hokkaido Research Organization, Dr.Eng. 2813

2 By, Bolig og Landdistrikter ministeriet: Jacobsen Jacob Ostlund , Udlændinge-, Integrations- og Boligministeriet (BLDanmarks Almene BoligerBent Madsen ) 700 BL Bent Madsen Landsbyggefonden Ejendomsforeningen DanmarkToben Crithtensen PrivatBo ABFAndelsboligforeningernes Fællesrepr- æsentationfin Marcher , , PrivatBoNikolaj Carlsson , , DAB Dansk almennyttigt BoligselskabTormod Ousager Domea(Bent Gorden Johansen ) ,000 BO-VESTAnne Sofie Hansen ,000 EllemarkenDAB ,124 Mickal P.N. AndersenEllemarken Plejehjem Beskytteted bolig Plejebolig 24 1,339,537 48% 314,572 11% 566,238 20% 217,511 8% 208,567 7% 61,232 2% 78,190 3% 2,785, %

3 b private andelsboliger ABF 11 a 160 k ) bolig afgift andelskrone andelsboliglån PrivatBo Frederiksberg Boligfond KABKøbenhavns Almindelige Boligselskab 1992 PraivatBo. 2815

4 4 8 A 53 a association b ,

1 11 2 2 3 1 1 112 KAB 10 50,000 37 10 3 8 KAB KAB 172 18 13 2 3 2 1 1,000 2 /500 KAB KAB KAB KAB 2 KAB BL 1 2008 2% 14% 50 84% 30 2015 BL Bent Madsen 2013 2016 4 2%

5 KAB 10 50, KAB KAB ,000 2 /500 KAB KAB KAB KAB 2 KAB BL % 14% 50 84% BL Bent Madsen % 10% 88% (Nybyggerifonden) 40 Nybyggerifonden (Landsdispositionsfonden: The central disposition fund ) )dispositionsfond 1/3 Landsbyggefonden BL 2817

4 2 2 4 6 76 7 89 b 60 4 Byggeskadefonden 1%

6 b 60 4 Byggeskadefonden 1% 95% 227DKK 4,391 DKK /4 6 2 KAB DAB 2818

7 6 KAB DAB commonuniversalalmen almen bolig socialselskabelig NPO Whitehead Christine,Scanlon Kath J: Social housing in Europe, Aalborg Universitet, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs HOUSING, BUILDING AND URBAN AFFAIRS IN DENMARK, rban_affairs_in_denmark.pdf Ministry for Housing, Urban and Rural Affairs Denmark Fact sheet on the Danish social housing sector, fact_sheet_on_the_danish_social_housing_sector.oct2014.pdf, 675,pp ,2012.5,, ,pp1623~1629, ,, F-1,pp , pp329330, E-2,pp , No33, pp , 2006 presentation kab pdf : 164,pp5465, ,, (51),pp163189,2011, 53,pp.18 32, Dwellings by region, time, ownership and type of resident:statistics Denmark Beskyttet bolig Frederiksberg-Boligfond Historie: Om-Frederiksberg-Boligfond/Historie. aspx#1.afsnit PrivatBo Historie Bekendtgørelse af lov om leje Bekendtgørelse af lov om almene boliger m.v, Bekendtgørelse af lov omandelsboligforeninger og andre boligfællesskaber, (Bekendtgørelse af lov om ejerlejligheder) ) facebook https//:/embassy Denmark/posts/ ?pnref=story 2819

8 STUDY OF THE TYPES OF MULITIPLE HOUSING IN DENMARK AND THE FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL HOUSING Toshikazu TSUJI * and Mai BABA ** * Prof., Osaka Shoin Womenʼs University, Ph.D. ** Researcher, Hokkaido Research Organization, Dr.Eng. The most characteristic of Danish Housing Policy is the idea that the housing is the basis of the social life. The rent of private rental housing has also been restricted to affordable rates. In addition, the residental organizations are participating in the management of the private rental housing. There are no public housings in Denmark and there are social housings as the role of public housings. Social housings in Denmark are the housings that residents themselves establish a housing organization with the financial support from the state and multiple authority, construct and manage a rental housing. Social housing are the housings that social housing organizations have as non-profit rental housings in which the members become the tenants. Social housings are built and operated by the housing organizations. There are two types of housing organizations, one of them is a residential social housing organization and the other is a non-profit management company. The minimum unit of social housing organization is the department. Management of the department is carried out by the Board of Directors that have selected by the general meeting of tenants. The budget and management of the department must be approved by the general meetings or by the vote of tenants. The department has the autonomy, also are financially independent of the other department and the social housing organization which it belong to, and has no risk to be affected by the financial collapse of the other department of that organization. A non-profit management company is a social housing organization that must has the resident representatives committee and that committee must be the highest authority of that company. Therefore, the social housing organization and non-profit management company are the integral social housing organization. The social housing in Denmark, in the construction and maintenance, management, funds, has a sustainable mechanism. In addition, the voice of the tenants is reflected to the management of the rental housing. The social housing model of Denmark will be an important suggestion to our housings in Japan. (2016 年 3 月 9 日原稿受理,2016 年 8 月 25 日採用決定 ) 2820

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