Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn A Shipping Company in Esbjerg

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1 Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn A Shipping Company in Esbjerg

2 Niels Winther & Co.

3 Niels Winther & Co A Shipping Company in Esbjerg... 7 Niels Winther & Co Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn... 7 Ship owners in Nordby at the end of the 1890s From sail to steam Fra sejl til damp Esbjerg was a cuckoo in Fanø s nest Esbjerg var en gøgeunge for Fanø The shipping company Niels Winther & Co., Esbjerg Skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co, Esbjerg A new epoch for the company Niels Winther & Co En ny epoke for firmaet Niels Winther & Co Niels Winther & Co. becomes agent for Grimaldi Lines Niels Winther & Co bliver agent for Grimaldi Lines Offshore wind turbines provide new tasks for Niels Winther & Co. 55 Offshore vindmøller giver nye opgaver til Niels Winther & Co. 55 Niels Winther & Co. is still going strong Niels Winther & Co er still going strong Noter Niels Winther & Co. Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn A Shipping Company in Esbjerg Af Johs. Bredmose Simonsen Esbjerg 2003

4 Niels Winther & Co. Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn A Shipping Company in Esbjerg Udgiver: Skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co ApS Forfatter: Johs. Bredmose Simonsen Oversættelse: Sprog & Data Produktion: Kiva Grafisk, Esbjerg Tryk: Tarm Bogtryk, Tarm Oplag: stk. Omslag: Reese Reklame & Marketing Niels Winther & Co har siden 1974 haft sit domicil i et ombygget pakhus på adressen Nordre Dokkaj 1. Pakhuset er opført i 1902 og tegnet af arkitekt C. H. Clausen. For at skaffe mere kontorplads købte Niels Winther & Co i 2003 pakhuset, og vil restaurere den gamle bygning, der er erklæret for bevaringsværdig. (Foto Reese 1999) Since 1974 the domicile of Niels Winther & Co has been the converted warehouse at Nordre Dokkaj 1. The warehouse, erected in 1902 and designed by the architect C. H. Clausen. To gain additional office space, Niels Winther & Co bought the warehouse in 2003 and will restore the old building, which was declared worthy of preservation. (Photo: Reese 1999).

5 Niels Winther & Co. Et shippingfirma på Esbjerg Havn Niels Winther & Co. A Shipping Company in Esbjerg Nordby Havn omkring (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Nordby Harbour circa (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) Skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co har sine rødder på Fanø. Det følgende handler om firmaets historie, som går tilbage til de tider, hvor søfart var øens hovederhverv. Helt frem til første halvdel af tallet var Danmarks handel og skibstrafik koncentreret i den østlige del af landet. Det vestlige Jylland var derimod en landsdel med dårlige veje og manglende infrastruktur, men Vadehavet, der strækker sig fra Blåvands Huk til Holland, var egnet til sejlads, og så langt man kan se tilbage i historien, har der fra Vadehavets byer, især Nordby og Sønderho, udfoldet sig en livlig skibstrafik. I mange år foregik den hovedsagelig mellem Vadehavsøerne indbyrdes samt til Hamborg, Holland og Norge med afstikkere til England. Denne handel og skibstrafik bragte velstand til Fanø, især for skippere der selv ejede skibene, købte ladninger og solgte dem. Englandskrigen samt statsbankerotten 1813 gjorde en ende på de gode tider. Under krigen udskrev staten skibene til at fragte korn til Norge, der var isoleret af engelske orlogsfartøjer i Nordsøen. Fanøskibe blev opbragt i stort tal, og ved fredslutningen i 1814 havde alene The shipping company Niels Winther & Co. have their roots on the Danish island of Fanø. This text presents the company s history, which extends back to the times when shipping was the island s principal business. Denmark s trade and shipping were concentrated in the eastern half of the country right up to the first half of the 1800s. Western Jutland was nothing more than a province with bad roads and no infrastructure. However, the Wadden Sea, which stretches from Blåvands Huk to the Netherlands, was eminently navigable, and as far as one can see back in time, a lively shipping traffic developed to and from the Wadden Sea towns, especially Nordby and Sønderho. This traffic was concentrated for many years around the islands in the Wadden Sea and on Hamburg, the Netherlands and Norway, with detours to England. This trade and shipping brought prosperity to Fanø, especially for the skippers who owned their own ships, bought cargoes and sold them. But the war of with England and the national bankruptcy of 1813 brought an end to the good times. During the war, the government conscripted the ships to carry grain to Norway, which had been isolated by the English navy in the North Sea. Fanø ships 6 7

6 Et tidligt billede fra Nordby Havn. (Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseet) An early picture from Nordby Harbour. (Fisheries and Maritime Museum) Sønderho mistet 40 af sine største skibe, og 32 Fanø-søfolk sad endnu i engelsk fangenskab. 1) Det lignede en katastrofe, men gik ikke så galt. Hamborg havde også lidt store tab under den franske besættelse. Handelshusene var flyttet til ikke-besatte havnebyer som f.eks. Tønning, og kun et mindre antal skibe var hjemmehørende i Hamborg. I det efterfølgende opbygningsarbejde behøvede Hamborg al den tonnage, der kunne opdrives. Det gav beskæftigelse til den arbejdsløse flåde af handelsskibe i det slesvig-holstenske område og kom på længere sigt også til at gavne Fanø, hvor øens skibsværfter fik fuld beskæftigelse med at bygge større skibe, og i 1822 blev de første skonnerter søsat i Sønderho. Sejladsen blev udvidet fra den nære kystfart til nye destinationer omkring Nordsøen og Østersøen samt til Island, og enkelte skibe vovede sig helt ned i Middelhavet. Langsomt, men sikkert arbejdede øens skibsfart sig op og var fra midten af 1800-tallet et maritimt center med en betydelig flåde, som i 1876 omfattede 163 skibe med en tonnage på tons. I de følgende år fik Fanø større skibe, og øens skibsfart blev global med sejlads til oversøiske destinationer, som hovedsagelig udgik fra Hamborg og Rotterdam. 2) were captured in large numbers, and when peace was concluded in 1814, Sønderho alone had lost 40 of its biggest ships, and 32 Fanø sailors were still sitting in English prisons. 1) This looked like a looming catastrophe, but the worst was avoided. Hamburg had also suffered major losses during the French occupation. The trading houses had been moved to unoccupied harbour cities such as Tønning, and only a small number of ships were based in Hamburg. In the subsequent reconstruction, Hamburg needed all the tonnage it could procure. This provided work for the unemployed fleet of merchant ships in and around Schleswig-Holstein, and in the longer term it also benefited Fanø, where the island s shipyards gained full employment building big ships. In 1822, the first schooners were launched in Sønderho. Navigation was extended from the near coast to new destinations around the North Sea and the Baltic Sea to Iceland, and individual ships ventured as far south as the Mediterranean. The island s shipping increased slowly but surely, and from the mid-1800s it was a maritime centre with a significant fleet, which in 1876 included 163 ships with a tonnage of 17,686. Fanø gained bigger ships in the following years, and the island s shipping became global, with voyages to overseas destinations with departures mainly from Hamburg and Rotterdam. 2) 8 9

7 Skibsredere i Nordby sidst i 1890 erne I Fanøs historie støder man på navne af familier, hvor mændene gennem generationer har været søfolk. Blandt dem er slægten Winther fra Nordby, der med et større antal familiemedlemmer var med i udviklingen af skibsfarten fra Fanø, først som førere af sejlskibe og senere som redere. Desuden havde de ofte bestyrelsesposter i forskellige sammenhænge som f.eks. navigationsskolen, Nordby Understøttelsesforening for Ældre Søfolk og Enker, Nordby Søassuranceforening og Nordby Skibsrederforening, som opførte den smukke bygning på hovedgaden i Nordby, hvor Fanø Skibsfart og Dragtsamling har til huse i dag. Et betydeligt medlem af familien Winther var kaptajn P. N. Winther, som i 1872 blev fører af briggen Gylding på 240 tons. På en rejse fra København til San Miguel på Ibiza i 1887 forliste Gylding. 3) P. N. Winther gik i land og blev skibsreder for et af Nordbys største rederier, som i 1897 disponerede over sejlskibe med en tonnage på 8711 tons fordelt på 12 fartøjer. I tog P. N. Winther sammen med brødrene S. A. Winther og P. L. Winther en stor beslutning om at få to stålbarkskibe, Prins Valdemar og Prinsesse Marie, bygget på Helsingør Skibsværft. Efter den tids forhold var det store skibe på henholdsvis 1239 og 1288 tons. Ship owners in Nordby at the end of the 1890s Studies of the history of Fanø concentrate on the names of families, where generations of the men have been sailors. Among them is the Winther family from Nordby which, with its large number of members, participated in the development of shipping from Fanø, first as masters of sailing ships and later as ship owners. They also often held executive posts in various contexts such as the navigation school, Nordby Benevolent Society for aged seamen and their widows, Nordby Marine Insurance Society, and Nordby Ship Owners Association, which erected the attractive building on Nordby s main street, where Fanø Skibsfart og Dragtsamling, the historical museum for Fanø s shipping and clothing collection, still resides. An important member of the Winther family was Captain P.N. Winther, who was master of the 240 ton brig Gylding in The Gylding was lost on a journey from Copenhagen to San Miguel on Ibiza Island in ) P.N. Winther returned to land and became a ship owner for one of Nordby s biggest shipping lines, which in 1897 controlled sailing ships with a tonnage of 8,711 tons in 12 vessels. In , P.N. Winther together with his brothers S.A. Winther and P.L. Winther took the major decision to buy two steel barks, the Prins Valdemar and the Prinsesse Marie, built at Elsinore Shipyard. By the standards of the time, they were big ships of 1,239 and 1,288 tons respectively. Each Nordby Skibsrederforenings bygning opført i (Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseet) Nordby Shipping Line Association s building, erected in 1891 Fisheries and Maritime Museum 10 11

8 Hvert skib havde en besætning på 20 mand og blev i de første år ført af kaptajnerne S.A.Winther og P. L.Winther. 4) Andre af øens skibsførere, der også havde skabt sig formuer, gik i land og blev redere for et eller flere skibe. Blandt dem var kaptajn Chr. H. Nielsen, Nordby, som på en rejse fra Rio Grande til Aracaju strandede med briggen Christian på 197 tons, der blev vrag. 5) Efter forliset forlod Chr. H. Nielsen søen. Han var da en velhavende mand og blev for en tid Fanøs største skibsreder. En datter af Nielsen blev gift med Niels Winther, som senere overtog rederivirksomheden. Niels Winther var søn af kaptajn P. L. Winther, kendt som medreder og fører af bl.a. barkskibene Embla og Prinsesse Marie. 6) ship had a crew of 20 men and they were commanded in their first years by Captains S.A. Winther and P.L. Winther. 4) Other ship s masters on the island who had made their fortune returned to land and became owners of one or two ships. Among them was Captain Chr. H. Nielsen of Nordby, who was beached on a voyage from Rio Grande to Aracaju in the 197 ton brig Christian, which was wrecked. 5) Chr. H. Nielsen abandoned the sea after the loss. By then he was a prosperous man, and for a time he became Fanø s biggest ship owner. A daughter of Nielsen married Niels Winther, who subsequently took over the shipping line. Niels Winther was the son of Captain P.L. Winther, known as the coowner and master of the barks Embla and Prinsesse Marie and other ships. 6) Fra sejl til damp På de lange ruter til Europa fra Australien og Sydamerikas Vestkyst med korn, salpeter, huder og guano havde de store sejlskibe hidtil været enerådende. Disse jordomsejlinger gik rundt om det berygtede Kap Horn, hvor der ti måneder af året næsten uafbrudt var vestlige storme med en frygtelig vindstyrke og sø, som stillede store krav til mandskab og skibe, hvoraf flere forliste eller fik havarier under sejladsen omkring Hornet. Sejlskibene, som på disse lange sejlruter ofte var undervejs i fire-fem måneder, blev omkring år 1900 udkonkurreret af From sail to steam Up to this time, the big sailing ships on the long routes to Europe from Australia and the west coast of South America carrying grain, saltpetre, skins and guano had reigned supreme. These circumnavigations went around the notorious Cape Horn where, ten months of the year, there were almost continuous westerly storms with raging winds and seas which made major demands on crews and ships, a number of which were damaged or wrecked while sailing around the Horn. By about 1900, the sailing ships, which were often underway for four or five months on these long routes, could no longer compete with the Brdr. Winther fra Nordby fik i 1892 bygget stålbarken Prins Valdemar på 1239 tons. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) The Winther brothers of Nordby had the 1239 ton steel bark Prins Valdemar built in (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) 12 13

9 A/S Fanø Sejlskibsrederi havde i 1897 seks skibe. Blandt dem var barkskibet Thora på 384 tons, der her ses ved afleveringen fra S. Abrahamsens værft i Nordby i (Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseet) A/S Fanø Sejlskibsrederi had six ships in Among them was the 384 ton bark Thora, seen here on its delivery from S. Abrahamsen s shipyard in Nordby in (Fisheries and Maritime Museum) dampskibene, der uafhængig af vindforholdene kunne nedsætte sejltiden fra havn til havn betydeligt. Damperne kunne desuden undgå turen omkring Kap Horn ved at sejle gennem Magellan Strædet, og efter åbningen af Panamakanalen i 1914 gik langt den overvejende trafik gennem kanalen til Amerikas Vestkyst. 7) Med disse barske udsigter for sejlskibene kan det undre, at Fanøs skibsredere stadig satsede på sejl- og ikke på dampskibe. Årsagen må være beskedne økonomiske muligheder lokalt og en konservativ indstilling over for den nye teknologi. Rederivirksomheder på øen var splittet op i mindre rederier, som havde et svagt økonomisk grundlag. Hvert Fanø-skib var et selvstændigt aktieselskab med en bestyrende reder, en bestyrelse på ét eller to medlemmer, samt to revisorer, der førte regnskab for hvert enkelt skib. Efter en afsluttet rejse blev det eventuelle overskud udbetalt til aktionærerne i forhold til deres andel i skibet, og intet blev henlagt til nyinvesteringer. 8) I et forsøg på at redde sejlskibsrederiernes indestående kapital mod splittelse når skibene blev solgt eller forliste, stiftede skibsrederne P. N. Winther, C. P. Holm og skibsbygmester Søren Abrahamsen i 1897 selskabet A/S Fanø Sejlskibsrederi med seks større skibe og en aktiekapital på kr. Selskabet kom kun til at steamships, which were able to reduce sailing times from harbour to harbour significantly, however the winds were blowing. The steamers were also able to avoid Cape Horn by sailing through the Straits of Magellan, and after the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914, the great majority of ships went through the canal to the west coast of America. 7) Given this dismal outlook for sailing ships, it may well come as a surprise that Fanø s ship owners still opted for sail rather than steam. The reason may well have been the modest economic options locally and a conservative attitude to the new technology. The island s shipping industry was split up into smaller lines which had a weak economic basis. Each Fanø ship was an independent limited company with a controlling ship owner, a board of directors with one or two members, and two accountants who kept the accounts for each individual ship. After a voyage, any profit was paid to the shareholders in accordance with their holdings in the ship. Nothing was allocated for new investments. 8) In an attempt to save the shipping lines capital from splitting up when the ships were sold or lost, the ship owners P.N. Winther and C.P. Holm and the shipbuilder Søren Abrahamsen founded the company A/S Fanø Sejlskibsrederi in 1897 with six big ships and a share capital of 500,000 kroner. The company only operated for a few years as the ships had difficulty finding profitable employment, and 14 15

10 Allerede før indvielsen af Esbjerg Havn i 1874 blev den anløbet af S/S Esbjerg, der kom med en last skinner til den nye bane. (Foto: Hulda Bjørkgren, Køge. Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) A/S Fanø Dampskibsselskab fik i 1899 bygget S/S Carla. (Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseet) Even before the official opening of Esbjerg Harbour in 1874, the S/S Esbjerg called in with a load of rails for the new railway. (Photo: Hulda Bjørkgren, Køge. City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) A/S Fanø Dampskibsselskab had the S/S Carla built in (Fisheries and Maritime Museum) virke i få år, idet skibene havde svært ved at finde lønnende beskæftigelse, og desuden var man uheldige med hensyn til havarier og forlis. 9) Flere Fanø-sejlskibsredere indså, at sejlads med sejlskibe var passé og ville derfor investere i dampskibe. Blandt dem var skibsreder S. Brinch Hansen, købmand J. K. Borck og skibsfører N. H. Kallesen, alle fra Nordby, som allerede i 1872 fik bygget et dampskib på 296 tons i Skotland. Skibet fik navnet S/S Esbjerg, opkaldt efter den nye by på den anden side af vandet, og blev det første større skib, der i 1873, året før indvielsen af havnen, anløb Esbjerg Havn med en last jernbaneskinner fra Cardiff. S/S Esbjerg blev indsat på ruten Esbjerg- England, hvor skibet de næste par år sejlede 11 ture med stude. For at undgå konkurrence købte DFDS skibet af fannikerne. 10) Et selskab bestående af konsul Pagh, Esbjerg, skibsrederne D. H. Duysen og P. N. Winther, Nordby, stiftede i 1899 A/S Fanø Dampskibsselskab med en aktiekapital på kr. Selskabet overtog i Tønning nybygningen S/S Carla på 316 tons, der fik kaptajn L. J. Holst fra Nordby som fører. I 1911 købte Holst skibet og solgte det året efter til Italien. 11) I 1913 fik Fanø endnu et dampskib, S/S Nordby på 483 tons, bygget i Aberdeen for et selskab med kaptajn J. Christiansen fra Nordby som reder. Skibet, hvis byggepris var kr., blev allerede året efter solgt til Norge. 12) there was also some bad luck with losses and shipwrecks. 9) Several Fanø ship owners realised that sailing ships were outdated and decided to invest in steamers. Among them was the ship owner S. Brinch Hansen, the merchant J.K. Borck and the ship s master N.H. Kallesen, all from Nordby, who had a 296 ton steamer built in Scotland as early as The ship was named the S/S Esbjerg, called after the new town on the other side of the water, and it was the first big ship which, in 1873, the year before the harbour was officially opened, sailed to Esbjerg Harbour with a load of railway rails from Cardiff. The S/S Esbjerg sailed the Esbjerg- England route, where she made 11 trips over the next couple of years with 9,450 oxen. To eliminate competition, DFDS bought the ship from its Fanø owners. 10) A company consisting of the consul Pagh of Esbjerg and the ship owners D.H. Duysen and P.N. Winther of Nordby founded A/S Fanø Dampskibsselskab in 1899 with a share capital of 85,000 kroner. The company took over the new 316 ton construction, the S/S Carla, in Tønning, and Captain L.J. Holst of Nordby became ship s master. Holst bought the ship in 1911 and sold it to Italy the following year. 11) In 1913 Fanø gained another steamer, the 483 ton S/S Nordby, built in Aberdeen for a company with Captain J. Christiansen of Nordby as owner. The ship, whose construction price was 160,000 kroner, was sold to Norway the following year. 12) 16 17

11 Fanøs tid som regulært søfartscenter var dog ved at være forbi, men mange søfolk blev boende på øen, og desuden beholdt Fanø sin navigationsskole. But Fanø s time as a regular shipping centre was passing, although many sailors continued to live on the island, and Fanø also retained its navigation school. Esbjerg var en gøgeunge for Fanø I Esbjergs historie spiller den tætte forbindelse til Fanø en betydelig rolle, men for Fanø var den nye Esbjerg Havn og by en gøgeunge, der dog viste sig at blive til fordel for adskillige fanniker. Ved overgangen fra sejl til damp var mange sejlskibsfolk blevet ledige, men de fandt bl.a. beskæftigelse i lodseriet, told- og vandbygningsvæsenet eller fik hyre med Esbjerg-skibe, flere som officerer. Denne tilgang af kvalificerede folk, der ved sejladser på de store have og ved anløb af fremmede havne havde bevist deres dygtighed, var af stor værdi for den nye by. Med kapitaler fra Fanøs sejlskibstid blev der desuden etableret et større antal virksomheder i det nye Esbjerg, hvoraf flere stadig har stor betydning for havn og by. Tidligere nævnte Niels Winther, søn af P. L. Winther og svigersøn af Chr. H. Nielsen, fik en omfattende uddannelse inden for shipping i England og Tyskland. I Hamborg havde flere rederier et tæt samarbejde med Fanø, og under Niels Winthers uddannelse i disse rederier havde han følgeskab af flere fætre og andre familiemedlemmer. I 1931 oprettede Niels Winther Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab A/S, Esbjerg. Esbjerg was a cuckoo in Fanø s nest The close connection with Fanø played a major role in Esbjerg s history, but for Fanø, the new Esbjerg Harbour and the town were a cuckoo in its nest, which, however, proved to be to the advantage of several of Fanø s inhabitants. Many sailors had become unemployed in the transition from sail to steam, but they found employment among other places at the pilot station and the customs and waterside construction authority, or they were hired on Esbjerg ships, some as officers. This intake of qualified people, who had demonstrated their competence when sailing the wide seas and calling at foreign harbours, was of great value to the new town. A large number of companies were also established in the new Esbjerg with capital from Fanø s golden age of sailing ships, and several of the companies are still of major significance for the city and its harbour. The Niels Winther noted above, son of P.L. Winther and son-in-law of Chr. H. Nielsen, obtained a comprehensive education within shipping in England and Germany. Several lines in Hamburg had a close relationship with Fanø, and during Niels Winther s training in these lines, he was in the company of several cousins and other family members. S/S Juliane var Vestjysk Dampskibsselskabs første skib. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) The S/S Juliane was Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab s first ship. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) 18 19

12 S/S Niels Winther blev opkaldt efter rederiets stifter. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Et andet af Vestjysk Dampskibsselskabs skibe fik senere også navnet Niels Winther. (Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseet) The S/S Niels Winther was named after the line s founder. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) Another Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab ship was subsequently also called the Niels Winther. (Fisheries and Maritime Museum) Niels Winther blev korresponderende reder, og bestyrelsen bestod af boghandler Engers Hansen, Esbjerg, kaptajnerne Knud M. Nielsen og Morten J. Nielsen, begge fra Nordby. Aktiekapitalen var kr. 13) Rederiets første skib, S/S Juliane, ex S/S Middelhavet, på 1352 tons bygget i 1921, blev købt fra Dampskibsselskabet Botnia. Priserne på skibe var i disse år meget svingende med de varierende fragtkonjunkturer. Juliane blev i 1931 købt for kr. mod en byggepris i 1921 på kr., og ved salget af skibet til Tyskland i 1951 var prisen kr. 14) Skibsreder Niels Winther afgik ved døden i 1933 og fik således kun kort tid med rederiet, som fortsatte under ledelse af edsvorne skibsmægler Niels Winther, en fætter og navnebroder til firmaets stifter. I 1943 døde Niels Winther, og sønnen, skibsreder Erik Winther, overtog selskabet, der kom til at hedde Rederiet Erik Winther - Aktieselskabet Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab. Foruden Erik Winther som korresponderende reder var boghandler Chr. Winther, Esbjerg, og kaptajn Søren Winther, Nordby, i bestyrelsen for rederiet. 15) Sidst i 1930 erne flyttede rederiet sine kontorer til København. I forbindelse med efterkrigstidens erstatningsprogram købte rederiet i 1947 damperen S/S Vejnæs på 1193 tons, bygget i Skibet, der under dansk flag kom In 1931, Niels Winther established the firm Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab A/S, Esbjerg. Niels Winther was managing owner, and the board of directors consisted of the bookseller Engers Hansen of Esbjerg and Captains Knud M. Nielsen and Morten J. Nielsen, both of Nordby. The share capital was 200,000 kroner. 13) The line s first ship, the 1,352 ton S/S Juliane, formerly the S/S Middelhavet, built in 1921, was bought from the company Dampskibsselskabet Botnia. The prices of ships fluctuated greatly at this time of variable market conditions for freight. The Juliane was bought for 367,000 kroner in 1931 against a construction price of 1,303,000 kroner in 1921, and the ship was sold to Germany in 1951 for 1,306,800 kroner. 14) The ship owner Niels Winther died in 1933 and thus spent only a brief period with the line, which continued under the management of the licensed shipbroker Niels Winther, a cousin and namesake of the company s founder. Niels Winther died in 1943, and his son Erik Winther took over the company, whose name was changed to Rederiet Erik Winther Aktieselskabet Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab. Apart from Erik Winther as managing owner, the bookseller Chr. Winther of Esbjerg and Captain Søren Winther of Nordby were on the line s board of directors. 15) The line moved its offices to Copenhagen at the end of the 1930s. In 1947 the line bought the 1,193 ton steamer 20 21

13 til at hedde S/S Olivia, sejlede for rederiet, indtil det i 1951 blev solgt til Finland. I 1950 overtog rederiet fra Dampskibsselskabet af 1912 damperen S/S Jacob Mærsk på 1914 tons, bygget i 1921 og blev afhændet i ) Opkaldt efter rederiets stifter fik skibet navnet S/S Niels Winther. Rederiet havde i de følgende år flere skibe, og til et par af dem genbrugte man navnet Niels Winther. I 2000 sluttede denne rederivirksomhed med sejlskibe og senere dampog motorskibe, som familien Winther med udgangspunkt fra Fanø havde drevet siden midten af 1800-tallet. Rederidriften er dog ikke helt ophørt, idet Rederiet Erik Winther - Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab A/S, stadig er engageret i andre rederier. 17) S/S Vejnæs, built in 1918, in connection with the post-war reparations programme. The ship, which was renamed the S/S Olivia under the Danish flag, sailed for the line until it was sold to Finland in In 1950 the line took over the 1,914 ton steamer S/S Jacob Maersk from the company Dampskibsselskabet af The ship was built in 1921 and was sold in ) Called after the line s founder, the ship was renamed S/S Niels Winther. The line had a number of ships in the following years, and the name Niels Winther was reused for a few of them. In 2000 this line, which began with sailing ships and continued with steamers and motorised ships, and which the Winther family had been running from Fanø since the mid-1800s, closed down. But shipping operations did not cease entirely, as Rederiet Erik Winther Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab A/S is still engaged in other lines. 17) Skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co, Esbjerg En betydelig virksomhed på Esbjerg Havn med udspring fra Fanø er skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co., oprettet af skibsreder Niels Winther i 1931, som samme år havde stiftet A/S Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab. Efter Niels Winthers tidlige død i 1933 blev firmaet afhændet til skibsmægler Chr. Struckmann, en slægtning af Niels Winther. Chr. Struckmanns far, Fritjof Struckmann, var kaptajn på barken Kronprins Frederik, der forliste i en storm på en rejse fra Grimsby til Buenos Aires i Efter ni dages lidelser med tørst og kulde i redningsbåden var kun Struckmann og tre andre søfolk i live. De blev reddet af briggen Rosa af Fanø og landsat i Rio Grande. Fritjof Struckmann døde på The shipping company Niels Winther & Co., Esbjerg An important company at Esbjerg Harbour which originated on Fanø is the shipbroking company Niels Winther & Co., established in 1931 by the ship owner Niels Winther, who had founded A/S Vestjysk Dampskibsselskab in the same year. After Niels Winther s early death in 1933, the company was sold to the shipbroker Chr. Struckmann, a relative of Niels Winther. Chr. Struckmann s father Fritjof Struckmann was captain of the bark Kronprins Frederik, which was lost in a storm on a journey from Grimsby to Buenos Aires in After nine days of thirst and cold in the lifeboat, only Struckmann and three other sailors were still alive. They were rescued by the brig Rosa of Fanø and landed in Rio Grande. Fritjof 22 23

14 I og 43 gav nogle isvintre en midlertidig beskæftigelse til N W & Co. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv.) The hard winters of and 43 provided temporary employment for N W & Co. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) havet om bord på barken Copley i 1913, kun 53 år gammel. Sønnen Chr. Struckmann begyndte i 1925 sin shippinguddannelse hos skibsmægler Schmidt, firmaet J. Lauritzens Eftf., Esbjerg. I 1928 rejste Struckmann til Hamborg, hvor han var ansat i et rederi- og mæglerfirma i halvandet år. Derefter fik han en stilling i et lignede firma i Dunkerque, som havde dansk og islandsk konsulat. Efter tre år i Belgien kom Struckmann igen til Danmark og blev ansat i et mæglerfirma i Kolding, hvor han var i otte måneder. Chr. Struckmann var således veluddannet, også sprogmæssig, idet han foruden engelsk, tysk og fransk også talte flydende russisk. Ved overtagelsen af mæglerforretningen i 1933 blev Chr. Struckmann statsautoriseret skibsmægler, og firmaet Niels Winther & Co. havde en kort tid tilføjelsen Eftf. 18) Chr. Struckmanns virksomhed, der hovedsagelig omfattede havneklarering og befragtning, fik et samarbejde med mæglerfirmaet Chr. Jensen, Befragtnings & Skibsagentur, Århus, kaldet»russer Jensen«og hvis telegramadresse stadig er Russjensen. Dette firma var hovedagent for russisk skibsfart i Danmark, og Struckmanns russiske sprogkundskaber var en stor fordel, da Niels Winther & Co blev agent for russiske skibe, som i en årrække anløb Esbjerg med hovedsagelig kul, foderstoffer og stykgods. Struckmann died at sea on board the bark Copley in He was only 53. His son Chr. Struckmann commenced his education in shipping in 1925 with the shipbroker Schmidt of the firm J. Lauritzens Eftf. of Esbjerg. In 1928 Struckmann travelled to Hamburg, where he was employed for a year and a half in a shipping and shipbroking company. He then obtained a position in a similar firm in Dunkirk, which had Danish and Icelandic consulates. After three years in Belgium, Struckmann returned to Denmark and was employed in a broking firm in Kolding, where he remained for eight months. Chr. Struckmann was thus well educated, also in terms of language, as he spoke fluent Russian as well as English, German and French. On taking over the broking business in 1933, Chr. Struckmann became a authorised shipbroker, and the firm Niels Winther & Co. briefly gained the addition Eftf. to its name. 18) Chr. Struckmann s firm, which was mainly concerned with port clearance and chartering, entered into a business relationship with the broking firm Chr. Jensen, Befragtnings & Skibsagentur of Aarhus, called Russer Jensen, whose cable address is still Russjensen. This firm was the main agent for Russian shipping in Denmark, and Struckmann s ability to speak Russian was a major advantage when Niels Winther & Co. became agent for Russian ships, which called Esbjerg for a number of years, principally with coal, feedstuffs and general cargo

15 Billede fra Trafikhavnen o I den lave kontorbygning midt i billedet havde N W & Co sit første kontor. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Trafikhavnen var under besættelsen beslaglagt af den tyske marine. I 1944 overtog tyskerne også N W & Co s kontorbygning. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Picture from the traffic harbour circa N W & Co. s first office was in the low office building in the middle of the picture. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) The traffic harbour was commandeered during the occupation by the German navy. In 1944 the Germans also took over N W & Co. s office building. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) I krigsårene var der, bortset fra isvintrene og 1943, meget lidt trafik på Esbjerg Havn. Ud over at være agent for nogle mindre skibe samt en lille tankbåd ved navn Thora, der lå som oliedepot i Færgehavnen, var det småt med opgaver. Derfor måtte Chr. Struckmann søge andre indtjeningsmuligheder. Niels Winther & Co fik således agenturet for Arbejdsgivernes Ulykkesforsikring G/S. I et samarbejde med firmaet Lehmann Jensen, Lemvig, blev Chr. Struckmann i 1943 parthaver i Rederiet Mathilte A/S, der købte skibet M/S Mathilte af C. Mærsk Brodersen, Esbjerg, og indsatte det i en paketfart mellem København og Lemvig. 19) Mathilte, på 186 tons, var bygget i 1877 som dampskib, men fik senere installeret motor. Skibet havde tidligere sejlet for Fyr-og Vagervæsenet og Marinen under navnene Løvenørn og Absalon. 20) Efter afslutningen af 2. Verdenskrig var Chr. Struckmann i nogle år medejer af kutterrederiet A/S Nordsøkysten, som omfattede flere kuttere hvoraf to var over 60 tons. Endvidere var han en af initiativtagerne til oprettelsen af Andelssildeoliefabrikken i og sad i nogle år i fabrikkens bestyrelse. 21) There was very little traffic on Esbjerg Harbour during the war years, apart from the hard winters of and Apart from acting as agent for some small ships and a little tanker called Thora, which lay as an oil depot in the ferry harbour, the jobs were few and far between. Chr. Struckmann thus had to seek other avenues of income. Niels Winther & Co. thus gained the agency for Arbejdsgivernes Ulykkesforsikring G/S (The Employers Accident Insurance). In cooperation with the company Lehmann Jensen of Lemvig, Chr. Struckmann became joint owner of the line Rederiet Mathilte A/S in 1943, which bought the ship M/S Mathilte from C. Maersk Brodersen of Esbjerg and put it into packet service between Copenhagen and Lemvig. 19) The 186 ton Mathilte was built in 1877 as a steamer, but an engine was subsequently installed. The ship had previously sailed for the Lights and Buoys Service and the navy under the names Løvenørn and Absalon. 20) After the end of the Second World War, Chr. Struckmann was co-owner for some years of the cutter line A/S Nordsøkysten, which had a number of cutters, two of which were over 60 tons. He was also one of the promoters of the establishment of the fish meal and oil factory cooperative Andelssildeoliefabrikken in , and sat at the company s board for some years. 21) 26 27

16 Billede fra Dokhavnen o I forgrunden ses pakhuset, hvor N W & Co siden 1974 har haft kontorer. (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Picture from the docks circa The warehouse where N W & Co. has had its offices since 1974 is visible in the foreground. (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) I 1951 flyttede N W & Co til Havnegade 6, og havde i 23 år kontor bag de to flagstænger på den store beboelsesejendom som i 1974 blev nedrevet. På stedet etableredes en parkeringsplads. (Foto: Knud Rasmussen. Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) N W & Co. moved to Havnegade 6 in 1951, where they had their office for 23 years behind the two flagpoles on the big residential property which was demolished in A car park was created on the site. (Photo: Knud Rasmussen. City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) Personalet hos Niels Winther & Co bestod i flere år af Chr. Struckmann og en shippingelev, men blev senere udvidet med Struckmanns datter, Hanne Struckmann, som var én af landets første kvindelige skibsmæglere. Niels Winther & Co begyndte sin virksomhed ud fra et kontor i en mindre bygning på hjørnet af Trafikhavnskajen og Cort Adlersgade. Trafikhavnen blev under 2. Verdenskrig beslaglagt af den tyske besættelsesmagt og The staff at Niels Winther & Co. consisted for several years of Chr. Struckmann and a trainee, but Struckmann s daughter Hanne Struckmann later joined the company as one of the country s first women shipbrokers. Niels Winther & Co. started in business out of an office in a small building on the corner of the traffic harbour and the street Cort Adlersgade. The traffic harbour was commandeered by the occupying German forces during the Second 28 29

17 anvendt som base for marinefartøjer. I 1944 overtog tyskerne også Niels Winther & Co s kontorbygning, og firmaet flyttede til et midlertidigt kontor hos bygningsartikelfirmaet Johan Olsen & Co A/S på Østredokkaj. Efter krigen vendte Niels Winther & Co tilbage til Trafikhavnen og forblev her til Det år fik firmaet kontorer i Kirkegade 1, men flyttede to år senere til Havnegade 6, en etageejendom der nu er revet ned. Fra denne adresse virkede firmaet i 23 år. Niels Winther & Co flyttede den 1. januar 1974 sine aktiviteter til et ombygget pakhus i det nordøstlige hjørne af Dokhavnen på adressen Nordre Dokkaj 1, som siden har været firmaets domicil. I 1973 overtog det store shippingfirma Franck & Tobiesen, København, firmaet Niels Winther & Co. Chr. Struckmann fortsatte som konsulent i et års tid, og Hanne Struckmann fratrådte. Chr. Struckmann døde på Fanø i 1988, 82 år gammel. Firmaets disponent, Ejvind Otto Jensen, blev som 39-årig i 1974 direktør og købte i 1978 en fjerdepart af firmaet, der herefter hed Niels Winther & Co ApS. Franck & Tobiesen var generalagent for det polske statsrederi, Polferries. Det medførte, at Niels Winther & Co fik et løft med at klarere polske og andre østeuropæiske skibe, som jævnlig anløb Esbjerg Havn. World War and used as a base for marine vessels. In 1944 the Germans also took over Niels Winther & Co. s office building, and the company moved to a temporary office with the building materials firm Johan Olsen & Co A/S on Østredokkaj. After the war, Niels Winther & Co. returned to the traffic harbour and remained there until 1949, when the company obtained offices at Kirkegade 1, but moved two years later to Havnegade 6, a multi-storey property which has since been demolished. The company operated for 23 years from this address. Niels Winther & Co. moved its activities on 1 January 1974 to a converted warehouse at the northern corner of Dokhavnen at the address Nordre Dokkaj 1, which has been the company s domicile since then. The big shipping firm Franck & Tobiesen of Copenhagen took over Niels Winther & Co. in Chr. Struckmann continued for a year as consultant and Hanne Struckmann resigned. Chr. Struckmann died on Fanø in 1988 at the age of 82. The firm s 39 year-old confidential clerk Ejvind Otto Jensen became manager in 1974, and in 1978 bought a quarter share in the firm, which then became known as Winther & Co ApS. Franck & Tobiesen was general agent for the Polish national line Polferries, with the result that Niels Winther & Co. gained more business clearing Polish and other eastern European ships which regularly called at Esbjerg Harbour. Den trekantede Dokhavn blev som første del af havnen indviet i I nederste højre hjørne ses taget af pakhuset med N W & Co s kontorer. (Foto: Tonny Sørensen. Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) The triangular dock was the first part of the harbour to be opened in The roof of the warehouse with N W & Co. s offices is visible in the bottom right corner. (Photo: Tonny Sørensen. City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) 30 31

18 En ny epoke for firmaet Niels Winther & Co Det var tilflyttere fra Fanø, der oprettede firmaet Niels Winther & Co. Med den nye direktør for Niels Winther & Co kom en anden gruppe pionerer ind i billedet, nemlig de tilrejsende fiskere, som gjorde Esbjerg til landets betydeligste fiskeriby. Direktør Ejvind Otto Jensens forfædre på begge sider var født på Holmslands Klit. De kom til Esbjerg lige før århundredskiftet og blev begge betydelige foregangsmænd inden for fiskeriet. Farfaderen, Tarben P. Jensen, var således den første skipper, som i 1899 fik monteret en fast skrue til den 3 HK motor i smakken Tumleren. Endvidere var han en af iniativtagerne til opførelsen af Sømandshjemmet Gl. Havn, der blev indviet i ) Tarben P. Jensen var en anset og dygtig skipper på kutteren Chrestense, indtil han i 1930 erne gik i land og sammen med en søn, J. P. Lodberg Jensen, oprettede en større fiskeeksportforretning. Morfaderen, Jens Simon Christensen, kaldet Jens Simonsen, hvilket han også benævnes i den tidlige presse, viste fremragende evner som fisker med kutteren Ruth og opnåede den ære at give navn til en fiskeplads 60 sømil nordvest for Horns Rev, kaldet Jens Simonsens rende. Jens Simon Christensen var endvidere medstifter af Indkøbsforeningen Godthaab og Skibsforsikringen Union, begge store A new epoch for the company Niels Winther & Co. Immigrants from Fanø had established the company Niels Winther & Co. With the new manager of Niels Winther & Co. ApS, another group of pioneers entered the picture, namely the visiting fishermen who made Esbjerg the country s most important fishing town. The manager Ejvind Otto Jensen s ancestors on both sides were born at Holmslands Klit. They came to Esbjerg just before the end of the century, and both became important pioneers in the fishing industry. In 1899 the paternal grandfather Tarben P. Jensen was the first skipper to install a fixed propeller in the 3 HP engine in the smack Tumleren. He was also one of the promoters of the construction of the seamen s home Gl. Havn (Old Harbour), which was opened in ) Tarben P. Jensen was a distinguished and competent skipper on the cutter Chrestense until he returned to land in the 1930s and, together with his son J.P. Lodberg Jensen, established a major fish export business. The maternal grandfather Jens Simon Christensen, called Jens Simonsen, as he was also called in the early press, demonstrated outstanding abilities as a fisherman on the cutter Ruth. The fishing grounds 60 nautical miles northwest of Horns Reef, Jens Simonsen s channel, were named after him. Jens Simon Christensen also co-founded Godthaab Purchasing Association and the Ships Insur- Tarben P. Jensens kutter E 11 Chrestence fotograferet i (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Tarben P. Jensen s cutter E11 Chrestence, photographed in (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) 32 33

19 Esbjerg Havn o På billedet ses Jens Simon Christensens kutter E 87 Ruth. (Foto: J. K. Jeppesen. Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Esbjerg Harbour circa Jens Simon Christensen s cutter E87 Ruth is visible. (Photo: J. K. Jeppesen. City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) fiskerejede selskaber. Fra 1935 til 1955 var Jens Simon Christensen formand for Esbjerg Fiskeriforening, hvor han med vestjysk lune og grundighed forsvarede fiskernes synspunkter over for ministre og embedsmænd i København. Ved sin afgang som formand i 1955 hædrede Esbjerg Fiskeriforening ham med et hædersdiplom. Endvidere fik han Dannebrogsmændenes hæderstegn. 23) Jens Simon Christensens datter Marie, kaldet Misse, blev gift med Tarben P. Jensen søn, Johannes Otto Jensen. Otto fordi han var nummer otte af en søskendeflok på 17. Johannes Otto Jensen fik som fireårig en kniv i øjet, der blev ødelagt og erstattet med et glasøje. Han begyndte som fisker, men kunne på grund af sit handicap med øjet ikke bestå synsprøven ved en nautisk eksamen og var dermed udelukket fra at blive skipper. I stedet blev han i 1929 en populær bestyrer af Sømandshjemmet Gl. Havn og siden hædret med Den kongelige fortjenstmedalje i sølv. Johannes Otto Jensen døde i Hans kone, Misse Jensen, fortsatte som bestyrer af sømandshjemmet indtil Børnene, fem drenge og en pige, voksede op i dette maritime miljø. En af sønnerne blev fiskeskipper og en anden, Ejvind Otto Jensen, fik en shippinguddannelse, som begyndte med en elevplads i speditionsfirmaet Leman A/S. Efter afsluttet eksamen tog ance Union, both big companies owned by fishermen. From 1935 to 1955, Jens Simon Christensen was chairman of Esbjerg Fishermen s Association where, with West Jutland humour and thoroughness, he defended fishermen s viewpoints to ministers and officials in Copenhagen. On his departure as chairman in 1955, Esbjerg Fishermen s Association honoured him with a diploma. He was also given the silver cross of the Order of the Dannebrog. 23) Jens Simon Christensen daughter Marie, called Misse, married Tarben P. Jensen s son Johannes Otto Jensen Otto because he was number eight of 17 brothers and sisters. Johannes Otto Jensen suffered a knife injury to his eye when he was four, blinding the eye, which was replaced with a glass eye. He started as a fisherman, but was unable to pass the vision test in a nautical exam because of his handicap and was thus precluded from becoming a skipper. Instead he became a popular manager of the seamen s home Gl. Havn in 1929, and was later honoured with the royal silver service medal. Johannes Otto Jensen died in His wife Misse Jensen continued as manager of the home until The children, five boys and a girl, grew up in this maritime environment. One of the sons became master of a fishing boat and another, Ejvind Otto Jensen, was educated in shipping, beginning with a traineeship in the shipping agency Leman A/S

20 Esbjergs første sømandshjem, Sømandshjemmet Gl. Havn, blev opført i Billede fra o (Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv) Esbjerg s first seamen s home, the home Gl. Havn, was erected in Picture from circa (City of Esbjerg Historical Archives) Ejvind Otto Jensen i 1958 til England, hvor han i nogle måneder var elev på Den danske købmandsskole i London. Her traf han sin kommende kone, som også var under uddannelse. Ejvind Otto Jensen kom hjem fra England og fik en stilling ved slagteriet Tulips shipping-afdeling i Vejle. Han vendte i 1961 tilbage til Esbjerg og blev ansat i mæglerfirmaet C. Breinholt A/S, hvor han under direktør Steen Christensen ledelse arbejdede i 12 år. I 1973 søgte Ejvind Otto Jensen en ny udfordring og blev som tidligere nævnt ansat som direktør og senere parthaver i mæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co, der under hans ledelse fik en solid fremgang med mange nye tiltag. En anden shipping-mand, Fritz Thaarsti Sørensen, blev samtidig optaget i firmaet og købte efter nogle år en anpart, som han ved sin tilbagetræden i 1990 solgte til Ejvind Otto Jensen. I denne periode bestod firmaets personale af de to skibsmæglere, en bogholder og to shippingelever. Desværre kom Ejvind Otto Jensen i 1983 ud for et alvorligt biluheld, der gjorde ham lam og bandt ham til en kørestol. Stærkt handicappet, og med jævnlige ture til genoptræning i København blev det vanskeligt at drive firmaet effektivt. Ejvind Otto Jensens søn, Henrik Otto Jensen, blev samme år student og gik umiddelbart efter i gang med en After the exam, Ejvind Otto Jensen went to England in 1958, where he was a student for several months at the Danish commercial school in London. He met his future wife, who was also a student, at the school. Ejvind Otto Jensen came home from England and obtained a position at the abattoir Tulip s shipping department in Vejle. He returned to Esbjerg in 1961 and was employed by the brokers C. Breinholt A/S, where he worked for 12 years under the guidance of the manager Steen Christensen. In 1973, Ejvind Otto Jensen sought a new challenge and was, as noted above, employed as manager, and later co-owner, of the brokerage house Niels Winther & Co., which advanced well under his management, with many new initiatives. Another broker, Fritz Thaarsti Sørensen, was appointed by the firm at the same time, and after several years he bought a share, which he sold on his resignation in 1990 to Ejvind Otto Jensen. During this period the firm s staff consisted of the two shipbrokers, a bookkeeper, and two trainees. Unfortunately Ejvind Otto Jensen suffered a serious car accident in 1983, leaving him confined to a wheelchair. Severely disabled and requiring regular trips to Copenhagen for rehabilitation, it was difficult to run the company effectively. Ejvind Otto Jensen s son Henrik Otto Jensen passed matriculation the same year and immediately commenced an extended 36 37

21 Midt i 1970 erne åbnede N W & Co en stykgodsrute med ugentlig forbindelse mellem Esbjerg og Lowestoft. På billedet ses direktør Ejvind Otto Jensen ved et af skibene der betjente ruten. (Foto: Knud Rasmussen) N W & Co. opened a general cargo route in the mid-1970s with a weekly connection between Esbjerg and Lowestoft. The picture shows manager Ejvind Otto Jensen at one of the ships operating on the route. (Photo: Knud Rasmussen) udvidet handelsuddannelse. Han havde da ingen fremtidsplaner om at gøre karriere inden for shipping, men for at hjælpe faderen i den ulykkelige situation begyndte Henrik Otto Jensen, 19 år gammel, en to-årig shippinguddannelse i Niels Winther & Co. Efter en hård optræning fik Ejvind Otto Jensen det bedre og kunne arbejde mere aktivt i firmaet. Henrik Otto Jensen fik derved mulighed for at fortsætte sin uddannelse. I 1985 tog han til London og blev optaget på handelsskolen Hammersmith West London College. Derefter blev han ansat i Englands ældste rederi, Stephenson Clarke Shipping, og var en kort tid hos et større skibsagentur på Themsen, hvorefter han arbejdede hos rederiet Jeppesen Heaton Ltd, som drev en betydelig forretning med linieagentur og spedition, der også omfattende en større befragtning til Falklands-øerne. Henrik Otto Jensen kom i 1988 hjem fra England og fortsatte i Niels Winther & Co, som på grund af Ejvind Otto Jensens trafikuheld var droslet noget ned. I en alder af 26 år overtog Henrik Otto Jensen i 1990 ledelsen af Niels Winther & Co. På trods af ulykken deltog Ejvind Otto Jensen i sin kørestol aktivt i det daglige arbejde på kontoret, indtil han døde i 1996, 61 år gammel. commercial education. He had no future plans to make a career within shipping, but to help his father in his unhappy situation, the 19 year-old Henrik commenced a two-year shipping education with Niels Winther & Co. After strenuous rehabilitation, Ejvind Otto Jensen improved and was able to work more actively in the firm. Henrik Otto Jensen was then able to continue his education. In 1985 he travelled to London and was accepted by the business college Hammersmith West London College. He was then employed by England s oldest shipping line, Stephenson Clarke Shipping, and for a brief period he was with a big shipping agent on the Thames, after which he worked for the line Jeppesen Heaton Ltd, which ran an important agency and freighting business which also included a big freight service to the Falkland Islands. Henrik Otto Jensen returned from England in 1988 and continued in Niels Winther & Co., whose activities has been somewhat reduced because of Ejvind Otto Jensen s traffic accident. In 1990, at the age of 26, Henrik Otto Jensen took over the management of Niels Winther & Co. Notwithstanding his accident, Ejvind Otto Jensen in his wheelchair was an active participant in the office s daily work until his death in 1996 at the age of

22 Til ruten Esbjerg-Lowestoft lastes stykgods. (Foto: Knud Rasmussen) General cargo being loaded for the Esbjerg-Lowestoft route. (Photo: Knud Rasmussen) I 1970 erne indgik N W & Co i et samarbejde med polske Polish Ocean Line på en Middelhavsrute.. M/S Ostroleka på 6380 DWT var et af skibene på ruten. (Foto: Jørgen Juhl) N W & Co. entered into a business relationship in the 1970s with Polish Ocean Line on a Mediterranean Sea route. The 6,380 DWT M/S Ostroleka was one of the ships on the route. (Photo: Jørgen Juhl) I et forsøg på at rette firmaet op fik Henrik Otto Jensen via sit netværk fra London tilført firmaet nye aktiviteter som befragtning og oversøisk spedition samt klarering af de store kulskibe til det nye Vestkraft. I 1993 købte han Niels Winther & Co ApS og har siden været direktør og eneejer af mæglerfirmaet. Ved Henrik Otto Jensens overtagelse af Niels Winther & Co så andre af havnens mæglere med nogen skepsis på den unge mands muligheder, men det blev ret hurtigt afløst af respekt. Ud fra kontorer i det gamle pakhus ved dokhavnskajen har et ungt team under Henrik Otto Jensens ledelse, gjort firmaet Niels Winther & Co til en af havnens førende virksomheder med havneklarering, linieagentur, befragtning, havariagentur og offshore. I 1970 erne var Niels Winther & Co i en fire-årig periode agent for ruter til Irland, Nordafrika, Bengasi, Tripoli samt til Storbritannien og Japan og har i dag agentur for forskellige offshorevirksomheder, olieselskaber og importører af korn og foderstoffer. Den store kulimport til Vestkraft, i dag Esbjergværket under Elsam A/S, er også en væsentlig aktivitet for firmaet. Endvidere er virksomheden Esdan- Stevedoring en afdeling under Niels Winther & Co. Inden for offshore har Niels Winther & Co et samarbejde med A. P. Møllers virksomheder og andre opera- In an attempt to straighten out the firm, Henrik Otto Jensen obtained new activities for the firm via his network in London, such as chartering and overseas forwarding as well as clearing of the big coal ships for the new Vestkraft power station. In 1993 he bought Niels Winther & Co. ApS, and since then he has been manager and sole owner of the firm. When Henrik Otto Jensen took over Niels Winther & Co., other brokers at the harbour viewed the young man s chances with some scepticism, but this was quickly replaced by respect. Working from offices in the old warehouse at the harbour wharf, a young team under Henrik Otto Jensen s management has made Niels Winther & Co. one of the harbour s leading companies, with customs clearing, line agency, chartering, average agency and offshore activities. In the 1970s Niels Winther & Co. was agent for a four year period for routes to Ireland, North Africa, Bengasi, Tripoli, Great Britain and Japan, and it is now agent for various offshore companies, oil companies, and importers of grain and feedstuffs. The big coal import for Vestkraft, now Esbjergværket under the company Elsam A/S, is also an important activity for the firm. The company Esdan-Stevedoring is also a division of Niels Winther & Co. Within offshore activities, Niels Winther & Co. works in co-operation with companies of the A. P. Møller Group and other operators, who are extracting gas and oil in the North Sea. Niels Winther & 40 41

23 tører, som udvinder gas og olie i Nordsøen. Firmaet er desuden agent for selskaber, der etablerer og vedligeholder de store boreplatforme samt andre installationer med bl.a. flydekraner, som har løfteevner på op til tons. Niels Winther & Co s offshore virksomhed har bredt sig til andre havne og lande. I samarbejde med Mærsk selskaber udføres en større transport af fleksible olierør på store kabeltromler der vejer op til 300 tons og har en diameter på 9,6 m. Transporten foregår direkte fra NKT s fabrik i Kalundborg til olieaktiviteter i bl.a. Nordsøen, Afrika og Fjernøsten. Co. is also agent for companies which establish and maintain the large drilling platforms and other installations using floating cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 12,000 tons and other equipment. Niels Winther & Co. s offshore activities have spread to other harbours and countries. In co-operation with Maersk companies, Niels Winther & Co. undertakes major transport of flexible oil pipes on large cable drums, weighing up to 300 tons and with a diameter of 9.6 m. The transport is directly from NKT s production plant in Kalundborg to oil activities in the North Sea, Africa, the far East and other destinations. 500 tons stål bliver omladet fra skib til skib for videretransport til Malta. (Foto: Jørgen Juhl) 500 tons of steel is transhipped for further transport to Malta (Photo: Jørgen Juhl) 43

24 Folk fra Esdan Stevedoring, en afdeling under N W & Co, i aktivitet på havnen. (Foto: Medvind) People from Esdan Stevedoring, a department under N W & Co., working at the harbour. (Photo: Medvind) Et af de større kulskibe, SKS Endurance, 242 m. lang og 38 m. bred, anløb Esbjerg i (Foto: Medvind) One of the bigger coal ships, the SKS Endurance, 242 m long and 38 m wide, called at Esbjerg in (Photo: Medvind) Den store import af kul til Vestkraft er et stort aktiv for N W & Co. M/S Washington på 9008 DWT, et af skibene fra rederiet Stephenson Clark Shipping hvor Henrik Otto Jensen en tid var ansat, sejlede i en 10-års periode i 1980 erne kul fra Newcastle til Esbjerg. (Privatfoto) Vestkraft s big imports of coal are a major asset for N W & Co. The 9,008 DWT M/S Washington, one of the ships from the line Stephenson Clark Shipping where Henrik Otto Jensen was employed for a time, sailed to Esbjerg for a 10-year period in the 1980s with coal from Newcastle. (Private photo) Ved hospitalskibet Anastasis anløb af Esbjerg i 1993 var N W & Co skibets agent. (Foto: Medvind) N W & Co. was the ship s agent when the hospital ship Anastasis called at Esbjerg in (Photo: Medvind) 44 45

25 Siden olieventyret i Nordsøen begyndte har N W & Co været engageret i transport og installationer af offshore-moduler. Since oil was discovered in the North Sea, N W & Co. has been engaged in transporting and installing offshore modules N W & Co er agent for verdens største kranskib,thialf, GT, 201 m. lang og 88 m. bred, som kan løfte tons i ét løft. I forgrunden ses det tidligere havundersøgelsesskib Dana, der indgik i Esvagts flåde under navnet Dana Esvagt. (Foto: Medvind) N W & Co. is the agent for the world s biggest crane ship, the Thialf, 136,709 GT, 201 m long and 88 m wide. The ship can lift 12,000 tons in one load. In the foreground is the former marine research ship Dana, which operated in Esvagt s fleet under the name Dana Esvagt. (Photo: Medvind) M/S Solitaire, verdens største rørlægningsfartøj med en længde på 300 meter, lagde Europipe Gasledning fra Norge til Holland i N W & Co er rederiets agent. (Privat foto) The M/S Solitaire, the world s biggest pipe-laying vessel with a length of 300 metres, laid the Europipe gas pipeline from Norway to the Netherlands in N W & Co. is the shipping line s agent. (Private photo) 46 47

26 Niels Winther & Co bliver agent for Grimaldi Lines Det blev et stort aktiv for Esbjerg Havn, da Niels Winther & Co i 1998 fik det italienske rederi Grimaldi Lines til at anløbe Esbjerg. Rederiet har nogle af verdens største ro/ro-multipurpose skibe, hvilket vil sige, at de kan sejle med forskellige former for last. Grimaldis rutenet strækker sig over Sverige til to havne i Storbritannien, fire i Italien, og desuden til Irland, Belgien, Malta, Cypern, Grækenland, Tyrkiet, Israel og Egypten. Ruten, kaldet Euro-Med, blev i 2002 udvidet med et anløb af Civitavecchia, som er Roms havn. Med denne havn midt i hjertet af Italien er Esbjerg den eneste danske havn, der har en direkte forbindelse til Rom, hvor godset uden omladning kan komme fra Esbjerg til Rom på 12 dage. Rutenettet blev i 2003 yderligt udvidet med anløb af Beirut i Libanon, Mersin i Tyrkiet og Tartous i Syrien. En rundtur til 23 havne i 17 lande tager cirka en måned, og Esbjerg bliver hver uge anløbet af et af de fem store skibe, der er indsat i linie-sejladsen. Via egen multiterminal i Antwerpen har Grimaldi Lines desuden forbundet Esbjerg med både Sydamerika og Vestafrika. Grimaldi Lines er dermed det eneste rederi, som kan tilbyde afsendelse af containere, ro-ro gods og projektlaster direkte fra Danmark til disse fjerne destinationer. 24) Både nationalt og internationalt vakte Niels Winther & Co. becomes agent for Grimaldi Lines It was a major asset for Esbjerg Harbour when Niels Winther & Co. persuaded the Italian Grimaldi Lines to call at Esbjerg in The line has some of the world s biggest roll-on/roll-off multipurpose ships which can sail with various forms of cargo. Grimaldi s route network extends through Sweden to two harbours in Great Britain, four in Italy, and others in Ireland, Belgium, Malta, Cyprus, Greece, Turkey, Israel and Egypt. The Euro-Med route was extended in 2002, calling at Civitavecchia, Rome s harbour. With this harbour in the middle of the heart of Italy, Esbjerg is the only Danish harbour with a direct connection to Rome, where goods can travel from Esbjerg to Rome in 12 days without transhipment. The route network was further extended in 2003 with calls at Beirut in Lebanon, Mersin in Turkey and Tartous in Syria. A round trip to 23 harbours in 17 countries takes about a month, and Esbjerg is visited every week by one of the line s five big ships on the route. Via its own multi-terminal in Antwerp, Grimaldi Lines has also connected Esbjerg to both South America and West Africa. Grimaldi Lines is the only line offering transport of containers, roll-on/roll-off goods and project loads directly from Denmark to these remote destinations. 24) The fact that Esbjerg was added to Grimaldi s route network gained considerable attention both nationally and interna- N W & Co har et tæt samarbejde med det italienske rederi, Grimaldi Lines, hvis store ro/ro multipurpose skibe på tons siden 1998 ugentlig har anløbet Esbjerg Havn. (Foto: Niels Winther & Co.) N W & Co. works closely with the Italian Grimaldi Lines, whose big 53,000 ton roll-on/roll-off multipurpose ships have been calling at Esbjerg Harbour weekly since (Photo: Niels Winther & Co.) 48 49

27 Grimaldi Group, det italienske vognmandsfirma Mercurio og Niels Winther & Co driver Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S, SAL, som blev etableret i Firmaet klargører og transporterer med egne lastvogne biler til forhandlerne. (Foto: Reese) The Grimaldi Group, the Italian haulage contractors Mercurio and Niels Winther & Co run Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S, SAL, which was established in The company clears and transports cars to dealers with its own lorries. (Photo: Reese) det stor opmærksomhed, at Esbjerg kom på Grimaldis rutenet, og havnen fik herved et blåt stempel. De store Grimaldi-skibe på tons er 186 meter lange og 32 meter brede. På 11 dæk er der plads til biler og 750 containere. Som første rederi i verden påtager Grimaldiselskabet sig alle logistikopgaver vedrørende transport af nye biler direkte fra fabrik til forhandlerne. Fra en beskeden start er ruten under stadig udvikling og afskibede i 2002 ved hvert skibsanløb omkring 100 containere med forskellige varegrupper fra flere firmaer. Rutens fundament er dog en stor del af de omkring biler, som årligt kommer over kajen i Esbjerg. Det er især Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Ford, Opel, Lancia, Mitsubishi, Honda og Ducato-varebiler, der fra Esbjerg sendes videre til bilforhandlere. Hvert havneanløb, hvor ca. 70 mennesker er involveret, giver en omsætning på en kvart million kroner til bl.a. havnen, lodser, slæbebåde og havnearbejdere. I 1999 blev Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S, SAL, etableret af Grimaldi Group, Niels Winther & Co, Danbor og det italienske vognmandsfirma Mercurio. Efter en besværlig start trådte Danbor året efter ud af selskabet, der siden, med Henrik Otto Jensen som direktør, har haft stor fremgang. tionally, and the harbour gained a stamp of approval. The big 53,000 ton Grimaldi ships are 186 metres long and 32 metres wide. There is space for 4,500 cars and 750 containers on 11 decks. Grimaldi is the first line in the world to undertake all logistical tasks concerning the transport of new cars directly from the factory to dealers. From a modest start, the route is steadily developing, and in 2002 the line offloaded, at each port of call, around 100 containers with various goods from a number of companies. But the route s bread and butter is a large proportion of the approximately 15,000 cars which pass over the wharf in Esbjerg every year. Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Opel, Lancia, Mitsubishi and Honda are sent to car dealers from Esbjerg. Each call at the harbour, which involves about 70 people, means a turnover of a quarter of a million kroner for the harbour, pilots, tugboats, harbour workers and others. In 1999 Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S, SAL, was established by the Grimaldi Group, Niels Winther & Co., Danbor, and the Italian haulage contractor Mercurio. After a difficult start, Danbor left the company the following year, but with Henrik Otto Jensen as manager, the company has prospered

28 Grundlaget for Grimaldi Lines rutenet til 23 havne i 17 lande er transporten af biler, containere og ro/ro gods Foto: Reese Ved Vestkraftgade har SAL etableret en multi-terminal på m med oplagsplads til biler og containere. (Foto: Reese) SAL has established a 25,000 square metre multi-terminal with storage space for cars and containers on the street Vestkraftgade (Photo: Reese) The foundation of Grimaldi Lines route network to 23 harbours in 17 countries is the transport of cars, containers and roll-on/roll-off goods. Photo: Reese Scandinavian Auto Logistics begyndte i det små med at klargøre og transportere Fiat og Alfa Romeo biler til danske forhandlere. Disse aktiviteter er siden blevet mere omfattende. I 2003 klargør og distribuerer 20 ansatte dagligt omkring 75 personbiler og 50 varevogne af forskellige fabrikater som med firmaets egne lastvogne transporteres ud til forhandlerne i Danmark, Tyskland og flere andre lande. Ved nedlæggelsen af Vestkrafts blok 2 i 2001 etablerede Esbjerg Havn en ny terminal på m 2. Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S lejede det store område og oprettede en multicontainer terminal, der overtog de stevedoring og terminal ydelser, som hidtil var blevet udført af DFDS. På den tidligere store plads ved kajkanten blev der anlagt en større oplagsplads for de mange biler som ventede på klargøring og transport. Ved etableringen af området med multicontainerterminalen, en ro/ro-terminal samt udstyr og lastbiler har Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S investeret et tocifret millionbeløb. Scandinavian Auto Logistics began in a small way by preparing and transporting Fiat and Alfa Romeo cars to Danish dealers. These activities have since expanded. In 2003, 20 employees are clearing and distributing cars and vans of various car marks on the firm s own lorries, are being transported to dealers in Denmark, Germany and several other countries. On the closing down of Vestkraft s block 2 in 2001, Esbjerg Harbour established a new 25,000 square metre terminal. Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S leased the big area and established a multi-container terminal, which took over the stevedoring and terminal services which had previously been provided by DFDS. A big storage yard for the many cars awaiting clearance and transport was created on the former big area by the wharf. Scandinavian Auto Logistics A/S has invested several millions of kroner in the establishment of the area with the multi-container terminal, a roll-on/roll-off terminal and equipment and lorries

29 Offshore vindmøller giver nye opgaver til Niels Winther & Co Verdens største vindmølleprojekt til havs blev i 2002 etableret på Horns Rev. Med en investering på to milliarder kroner blev der bygget 80 store vindmøller, som står på mellem seks og 14 meter vand. Havmøllerne er giganter, der hver vejer 450 tons. Deres nav er 70 meter over havoverfladen, mens vingespidserne når 110 meter op i luften. Vindmøllerne vil bidrage med godt to procent til det danske elforbrug. Det svarer til parcelhuses elforsyning. Et sådant gigantisk projekt på det barske hav kræver en stor indsats af specialskibe, udstyr, forsyninger og menneskelig indsats. Niels Winther & Co havde en betydelig erfaring i at håndtere store rørarbejder i forbindelse med offshore og fik derfor logistikarbejdet med transporterne af fundamenter og møller til Horns Rev. I samarbejde med vindmøllefabrikken Vestas har firmaet stået for koordineringen af transporten til lands og til vands. Det kunne ses på havnen, hvor Tværkajen og store dele af Trafikhavnen blev inddraget for at give plads til møllevinger og tårne. Under arbejdet med opførelsen af møllerne har Niels Winther & Co udført alle havnefaciliteter for Vestas og klaret al stevedore og lastning af skibene. Som agent for 11 fartøjer har firmaet deltaget med de mest moderne logistikløsninger inden for transporten Offshore wind turbines provide new tasks for Niels Winther & Co. The world s biggest offshore wind turbine project was established at Horns Reef in With an investment of two billion kroner, 80 big turbines were erected in between six and 15 metres of water. These turbines are giants, each weighing 450 tons. Their hubs are 70 metres above the sea surface and the tips of the blades reach 110 metres up into the air. The turbines will provide over 2% of Denmark s electricity. This is equivalent to supplying 150,000 single-family houses. Such a gigantic project in the harsh sea demands a substantial input of special ships, equipment, supplies and manpower. Niels Winther & Co. had substantial experience in handling major pipe works in connection with offshore projects, and they were therefore given the logistical work for the transportation of foundations and turbines to Horns Reef. In cooperation with the wind turbine manufacturer Vestas, the firm was responsible for coordinating the transport on land and water. This can be seen at the harbour, where the wharf Tværkajen and major parts of the traffic harbour were included to provide space for turbine blades and towers. During the erection of the turbines, Niels Winther & Co. was responsible for all set-up port facilities for Vestas and all stevedoring and loading of ships. As agent for 11 vessels, the firm offered the most modern logistical solutions within the transportation and placing of the 80 foun- Ved et af de store Grimaldi-skibes anløb overrakte dir. Henrik Otto Jensen borgmester Johnny Søttrup en model af skibet. (Foto: Niels Winther & Co.) Foruden flere andre ledelsesfunktioner er Henrik Otto Jensen direktør for Scandinavian Auto Logistics. (Foto: Reese) Apart from a number of other executive positions, Henrik Otto Jensen is manager of Scandinavian Auto Logistics. (Photo: Reese) Henrik Otto Jensen presented the mayor Johny Søttrup with a model of the ship when one of the big Grimaldi ships called. (Photo: Niels Winther & Co.) 54 55

30 og placeringen af de 80 fundamenter og vindmøller. Det er blevet til mere end 400 skibsanløb med en transport af ikke mindre end tons for både Vestas og andre firmaer som MT- Højgaard, A2Sea og det hollandske Mammoet-VanOord. Desuden har Niels Winther & Co haft et samarbejde med omkring 170 virksomheder, der som underleverandører har medvirket til projektet med alt lige fra industrier, hoteller og bagere. 25) Niels Winther & Co har en ekspertise, der åbner nye muligheder for andre mølleprojekter både til lands og til havs, således løste firmaet nogle store opgaver ved etableringen af 13 havmøller ved Samsø i dations and turbines. There were over 400 port calls of ships transporting no less than 38,000 tons for both Vestas and other companies such as MT-Højgaard, A2Sea and the Dutch Mammoet-VanOord. Niels Winther & Co. also had a working relationship with around 170 subcontracting companies ranging from industry and hotels to bakers which contributed goods and services to the project. 25) Niels Winther & Co. possesses an expertise which opens new possibilities for other wind turbine projects both on land and at sea. The firm thus completed a number of major tasks in the establishment of 13 offshore turbines at the island of Samsø in I samarbejde med Mærsk selskaber står N W & Co for transporten af fleksible olierør på kabeltromler fra NKT s fabrik i Kalundborg til offshore i bl.a. Nordsøen, Afrika og Fjernøsten. (Foto: Niels Winther & Co.) Together with Maersk companies, N W & Co. is responsible for the transport of flexible oil pipes on cable drums from NKT s production plant in Kalundborg to the offshore industry in the North Sea, Africa, the Far East and other destinations. (Photo: Niels Winther & Co.) Som et af de første shippingfirmaer i Danmark blev. N W & Co i 1995 ISO 9002 certificeret. Ved overrækkelsen af certifikatet ses fra venstre bogholder Alice Christensen, som i 2003 havde 25-års jubilæum i firmaet, derefter Henrik Otto Jensen, Michael Nielsen, Søren Frank og Ejvind Otto Jensen. (Foto: Uffe Bølling) In 1995, N W & Co. was one of the first shipping company in Denmark to gain ISO 9002 certification. From the left at the presentation of the certificate: Alice Christensen, bookkeeper, who celebrated her 25th year with the firm in 2003, Henrik Otto Jensen, Michael Nielsen, Søren Frank and Ejvind Otto Jensen. (Photo: Uffe Bølling) 56 57

31 Niels Winther & Co er still going strong På de øvrige forretningsområder har Niels Winther & Co en stabil fremgang og står for 40 % af den stadig stigende godsmængde på Esbjerg Havn. I 1995 blev Niels Winther & Co ISO 9002 certificeret og er desuden som eneste firma i Danmark certificeret Multimodal Transport Agent. Gennem de seneste fire år er Niels Winther & Co vokset med 300% på omsætning, indtjening og personale og blev derfor af dagbladet Børsen kåret som årets Gazellevirksomhed Denne anerkendelse blev fulgt op med endnu en udmærkelse til en anden del af firmaet, Esdan-Stevedoring, der af dagbladet Børsen blev kåret som Gazellevirksomhed En Gazelle-virksomhed er udvalgt blandt Danmarks hurtigst voksende virksomheder. Det gamle mæglerfirma med direktør Henrik Otto Jensen i spidsen for et personale på 14 personer er i stadig udvikling og står klar til nye opgaver døgnet rundt Niels Winther & Co. is still going strong In its other areas of business, Niels Winther & Co. is steadily advancing, and is responsible for handling 40% of the ever increasing quantity of goods at Esbjerg Harbour. In 1995, Niels Winther & Co. gained ISO 9002 certification, and the firm is also the only certified Multimodal Transport Agent in Denmark. Over the last four years, Niels Winther & Co. ApS s turnover, earnings and staff have grown by 300%, and the firm was therefore named Gazelle Company of the Year 2002 by the national financial daily newspaper Børsen. This recognition was followed up with yet another distinction to another part of the firm, Esdan-Stevedoring, which was named Gazelle Company of the Year 2003 by Børsen. A gazelle company is chosen from among Denmark s fastest growing companies. The old broking firm with Henrik Otto Jensen at its head of a staff of 14 is still growing, and the firm is ready for new tasks 24 hours a day. N W & Co fik i 2002 store opgaver ved opførelse af 80 hav-vindmøller på Horns Rev. (Foto: Medvind) N W & Co gained major orders in 2002 in connection with the erection of 80 offshore wind turbines at Horns Reef. (Photo: Medvind) Skibsmæglerfirmaet Niels Winther & Co s lange historie fra 1931 til 2003 viser, at firmaet med udsyn og dygtighed er blevet en succeshistorie på Esbjerg Havn. Niels Winther & Co. s long history from 1931 to 2003 shows that, with vision and competence, the shipping company has been a success story in Esbjerg. 58 Exit 59

32 Noter 1. Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel. Bd. I. København p Kromann, N. M. Fanøs Historie. Bd. III. Esbjerg p Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel Bd. III. København p Kromann, N. M. Fanøs Historie. Bd. III p Holm-Petersen, F. Fanø-Sejlskibe p Kromann, N. M. Fanø-sømænd i storm og stille. Bd. I p Ibid. p Frederiksen, Niels. Fra sejl til damp på Fanø. I årbogen Fra Ribe Amt p Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel Bd. III. København p Holm, Poul. "Tre foretagender på Esbjerg Havn. Firmaet C. Breinholt ". I Sjæk'len p Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel Bd. III. København p Ibid. p Ibid. p Røder, H. C. Dansk skibsfarts renæssance. Bd. II. København p Danmarks Skibsfart i Tekst og Billeder. Bd. I p Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel. Bd. III. København p Oplyst af skibsreder Erik Winther, København 18. Journalist Lizzi Bolthers interview med Chr. Struckmann i 1983, findes som fotokopi på Esbjerg Byhistoriske Arkiv. 19. Oplyst af indkøbschef Svend Lübecker, København 20. Holm-Petersen, F. og A. Rosendahl. Fra Sejl til Diesel. Bd. III. København p Dagbladet Vestkysten den 3. marts Bredmose Simonsen, Johs. Fiskerne og byen, Fiskeriet fra Esbjerg indtil Esbjerg p Ibid. p Ugeavisen Esbjerg den 5. februar Dagbladet JydskeVestkysten den 31. august Exit 61

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