Er havmøller et forskningsområde?

Transkript

1 Havmølleforskning på de danske universiteter - udfordringer og muligheder Peter Hauge Madsen Wind Energy Division

2 Er havmøller et forskningsområde? EU-Kommissionens strategiske energiteknologiplan for EU - SET-planen (Nov 2007) En af de vigtigste teknologiske udfordringer for opfyldelse af mål: Fordoble de største vindmøllers elproduktionskapacitet, først og fremmest med henblik på placering til havs European Wind Initiative under udarbejdelse af European Wind Energy Technology Platform (TPWind) og EU-kommissionen fokuserer på offshore vind Strategic Research Agenda Market Deployment Strategy From (TPWind) Thematic priorities: Wind conditions Wind power systems Wind energy integration Offshore deployment and operations Research Infrastructures 2 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

3 Plans for future offshore wind farms Status MW, 423 MW offshore additional 840 MW offshore Report on future Offshore sites, Update of action plan from Sites each 44 km2 for a capacity of 4600 MW Wind Power Production 18 TWh, or just over 8% of total energy consumption in Denmark or approximately 50% of Danish electricity consumption 3 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

4 Dansk Forskningsstrategi - MEGAVIND Juni Hvordan bliver vindmøllen en effektiv og driftsikker maskine? 2. Hvordan udnyttes vinden bedst muligt? 3. Hvor er vindmøllen vindkraftværkets optimale placering? 4. Hvordan får man mest mulig vindkraft indpasset i energisystemet? 5. Hvordan tager vi næste skridt offshore? Offshore teknologi med henblik på: at forbedre økonomien fra havmøller, primært ved optimerede koncepter for infrastruktur at optimere driftssikkerheden med nye systemer for fejlsikkert design, redundans og fejltolerance. Juni 2008 Offshore teknologi med henblik på: at udvikle nye koncepter for offshore parkernes elinfrastruktur at videreudvikle design procedurerne for selve vindmøllen, supportkontruktion og fundamenter for at reducere design usikkerheder at optimere og udvikle nye koncepter for fundamenter og installationsteknologi, med særligt fokus på dybere vand over 15 m at udvikle overvågnings og dataopsamlingssystemer med henblik på at kortlægge fejlhyppigheder og optimere vedligehold udvikle forbedrede adgangs- og sikkerhedsforhold øget viden om geoteknik og geofysik udvikle viden om materialer i et offshore miljø, med særligt fokus på korrosion udvikle optimale drifts- og vedligeholdelsesstrategier 4 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

5 Research topics at DTU and AAU Samarbejde i Forskningskonsortiet Site Conditions 800 Grid Integration Djursland Anholt O Horns Rev B Horns Rev A Horns Rev 2 Horns Rev Djursland Anholt P Power (MW) HRB HRA HR2 HR1 0 28/ / / / / Time Design Issues & Tools Innovative Concepts 5 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

6 Site Conditions AAU Institut for Byggeri og Anlæg (Lars Bo Ibsen) DTU BYG (Ole Hededal) DTU MEK (Jens Nørkær Sørensen, Harry Bingham) Risø-DTU Vindenergiafd. (Sten Frandsen, Charlotte Hasager, Jakob Mann, Søren Larsen) 12MW wind turbines (DSF) Risø-DTU SAT-WIND (DSF) Risø-DTU SAR-WAKE (STVF) Risø-DTU EU-Norsewind (EU) Risø-DTU Mesoscale atmospheric variability and the variation of wind and production for offshore wind farms, ForskEl, Risø-DTU Shadow effects of large wind farms, ForskEl, Risø-DTU 6 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

7 12MW project MW wind turbines: the scientific basis for their operation at 70 to 270m height offshore Measurements of winds and turbulence at high levels for large offshore wind turbines. Measurements 6 months at Horns Rev with lidar up to 180 m above sea level. Three meteorological masts up to 62 and 70 m. Partners: Risø DTU DONG energy 7 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

8 12MW project Høvsøre cup/lidar to 300 m Lines show logarithmic wind profile. Symbols show data. Notice good correspondance only at <40 m height. Lines show mixing-length profile using boundary layer height. Symbols show data. Notice good correspondance at all heights in the boundary layer. Colours: atmospheric stability - vu very unstable, n neutral, vs very stable 8 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

9 EU-Norsewind project ( ) Aim to produce a wind atlas for the Northern European Seas including the Baltic, Irish and North Seas. Nominal remote sensing sites Ground-based using 15 lidars and some masts. Satellite-based wind mapping. Atmospheric modeling. Testning for location offshore Portugal. 9 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

10 Design Issues & Tools AAU Institut for Byggeri og Anlæg (Lars Bo Ibsen, John D Sørensen) DTU BYG (Ole Hededal) DTU MEK (Jens Nørkær Sørensen, Mutlu Sumer) Risø-DTU Vindenergiafd. (Sten Frandsen, Flemming Rasmussen) Dimensionering af havvindmøller, erfaringsopsamling, ForskEl, Risø-DTU Fundering af offshore vindmøller med bøttefundamenter, AAU Physical and numerical modeling of monopile in silt with focus on offshore wind turbines, AAU Physical and numerical modelling of monopile for offshore wind turbines, AAU, DTU BYG Numerical and physical modelling of laterally loaded pile in sand subject to cyclic loading, STVF, DTU Byg Pålideligheds-baseret analyse anvendt til reduktion af energi omkostning for offshore vindmøller AAU Vekselvirkning mellem havbund og offshore vindmøllepark, DSF, DTU MEK IEC standardisering design og dokumentationskrav, Risø-DTU 10 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

11 IEA annex 23/2: Foundation concepts from land to deep sea Code-to-code comparison between various simulation tools used by universities and industry (e.g. Bladed, Flex5, FAST, ADAMS) Four concepts have been analysed : Land-based (0m) Mono pile (20m) Tripod (45m) Floating spar (320m) (on-going) All concepts carry the same 5MW turbine 11 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

12 Seabed Wind Farm Interaction, DSF (DTU MEK, DHI, AAU, LICengineering, University of Dundee) Motivation Key factors in design of offshore wind turbine foundations such as maximum loading, fatigue and eigen frequencies are all heavily influenced by scour and soilfoundation interaction Work Packages Fundamental knowledge on scour and natural backfilling under currents / waves; Effective methods to predict scour over long period ; Interaction between structure, flow and soil conditions; and Natural seabed changes and interaction with seabed forms 12 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

13 Grid Integration AAU Institut for Energiteknik (Birgitte Bak- Jensen, Zhe Chen) AAU Institut for Elektroniske Systemer (Thomas Bak) DTU CET (Jakob Østergaard) DTU IMM (Henrik Madsen) Risø-DTU Vindenergiafdelingen (Poul Sørensen, Jens Carsten Hansen) Risø-DTU Systemanalyseafdelingen AEOLUS:Distributed Control of Large Scale Offshore Wind Farms, EU 7, AAU Integration og styring af vindkraft i det danske elsystem, AAU Off-Shore Windpower Grid connection and Reliability, AAU POWER CLUSTER - Developing the North Sea Offshore Wind POWER Cluster, EU, AAU Radar at sea (PSO 2009) Grid faults and design basis for wind turbines (PSO 2006) WP on storm control of wind turbines (Power control algorithm modifications, Fore-aft tower damper, Side-to-side tower damper) Risø-DTU Power fluctuations from large offshore wind farms (PSO 2004) Risø-DTU 13 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

14 Power fluctuations the 2 cases Horns Rev B Horns Rev A Horns Rev 2 Djursland Anholt O Djursland Anholt P Power (MW) HRB HRA HR2 HR1 Horns Rev / / / / / Time Horns Rev B Horns Rev A Horns Rev 2 Horns Rev Djursland Anholt O Djursland Anholt P Power (MW) DAP DAO HR2 HR / / / / / Time 14 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 1 Energinet.dk power 23 February

15 AEOLUS: Distributed Control of Large-scale Offshore Wind Farms, EU 7, (AAU, Lund University, ECN, ISC Ltd, UZAG-FER, Vestas Wind Systems A/S) 15 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

16 Innovative Concepts Aero-Hydro-Elastic Simulation Platform for Floaring Systems (Poseidon), ForskEl, Risø-DTU Hywind, StatOilHydro, Risø-DTU A NOVEL FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE CONCEPT (VAWT), PhDprojekt, Risø-DTU 16 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

17 Poseidon combined wind and wave energy platform Concept developed by Floating Power Plant A/S Floating, moored platform with wave absorbers and three wind turbines Demonstration project, 37 m wide, deployed at north coast of Lolland. Wind turbines are to be installed soon. 17 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

18 HYWIND floating wind turbine Concept developed by StatoilHydro 2-5MW pitch controlled wind turbine Floating spar buoy fixed by three mooring lines Intended for water depths between m. Demonstration project with Siemens 2.3MW 10km outside west coast of Norway. 18 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

19 Samlende projekter Offshore wind power research related bottlenecks, DSF, Risø-DTU Ekstremlaster på offshore vindmøller Vekselvirkning mellem mølleparker og bølger og strøm Netforbindelse og pålidelighed Optimal drift og vedligehold Skyggevirkning af store mølleparker Andre: Dimensionering af havvindmøller, erfaringsopsamling, ForskEl, Risø-DTU Upwind, EU FP6, Risø-DTU 19 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

20 UPWIND: Finding design solutions for very large wind turbines WP 1A1 - Integral design approach and standards WP 1A2 - Metrology WP 1A3 - Training and education WP 1B1 - Innovative rotor blades WP 1B2 - Transmission and conversion WP 1B3 - Smart rotor blades WP 1B4 - Upscaling WP 2 - Aerodynamics and aeroelastics WP 3 - Rotor structure and materials WP 4 - Foundations and support structures WP 5 - Control systems WP 6 - Remote sensing WP 7 - Condition monitoring WP 8 - Flow WP 9 - Electrical grid UpWind is a European project funded under the EU's FP6. The project looks towards the wind power of tomorrow, more precisely towards the design of very large wind turbines (8-10MW), both onshore and offshore. 40 partners, 14,3 Mio Euro support. 20 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

21 International Offshore R&D programmes The Netherlands SEA(13 mio. Euro from natural gas fund in subsidy 50%) Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology IWES Fraunhofer Center for Wind Energy and Maritime Technologies CWMT in Bremerhaven and Kassel Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik ISET e. V. More than 200 R&D employees expected UK Carbon Trust in collaboration with five major international energy - Offshore Wind Accelerator with research, development and demonstration(worth up to 30m) Offshore foundations Wake effects Access, logistics and transportation Electrical systems Norway Norwegian Research Centre for Offshore Wind Technology NOWITECH (up to NOK 20 million annually over a five-year) At least 25 PhDs and postdocs, and is announcing 15 positions for the first period 21 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

22 Konklusioner Havmølleforskningen på universiteterne har kvalitet og omfang og behandler en lang række af de relevante og kritiske problemstillinger Offshore vindkraft er anerkendt som en drivkraft for forskningen, men i mindre grad som et sammenhængende forskningsområde Potentiale for dansk offshore klynge i bedre dialog og samarbejde mellem universiteter og erhvervsliv gennem alliancer eller centre Aktion nu ellers kan viden og nye initiativer glide til udlandet 22 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark

23 Tak for opmærksomheden 23 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark