Skriftlig eksamen juni 2018 Digital stedprøve

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1 Skriftlig eksamen juni 2018 Digital stedprøve Titel på kursus: Uddannelse: Reproduktionsorganernes endokrinologi Medicin og medicin med industriel specialisering Semester: 4. semester Eksamensdato: 6. juni 2018 Tid: Bedømmelsesform: Eksamensansvarlig: 7-trins skala Vladimir Zachar Vigtige oplysninger: Husk at medbringe studiekort til eksamen Mødetid er en time før prøvens start Programmet Exam Monitor skal være installeret på din PC Skolen/AAU påtager sig intet ansvar, hvis der opstår problemer mht. egne elektroniske hjælpemidler under eksaminationen Datasæt og skriftligt materiale udleveres i Digital Eksamen Besvarelsen afleveres i Digital Eksamen Hele eller dele af opgaven kan være formuleret på engelsk (NB! der vil ikke blive stillet ordbøger til rådighed) Det er tilladt at skrive besvarelsen på dansk, svensk, norsk eller engelsk Det vil blive regnet for eksamenssnyd eller forsøg herpå, hvis eksaminandens tekniske udstyr kommunikerer eller forsøger at kommunikere med for prøven uvedkommende udstyr Ingen former for kommunikation med andre eksaminander er tilladt Hjælpemidler er ikke tilladt 1

2 Please fill in the study number: Please insert the answers to the multiple choice questions in this table. There may be more than one answer to any single question but you should not use more answers than there is the total number of points awardable. Any superfluous answers will be disregarded. Question Answers Obtained points 1.1 F 1.2 B,D,E,G,I 1.3 C 2 B,F 3 D 4.1 H 4.2 C 4.3 A 4.4 F Total points 2

3 Multiple choice questions The answers are to be filled in the electronic exam file. 1 Topic: Nerves that are leaving pelvis through different openings. Options: A B C D E F G H I Lead in: n. cutaneous femoris lat. n. ischiadicus n. gluteus sup. n. gluteus inf. n. pudendus n. obturatorius n. musculi obturatorii interni n. cutaneous femoris ant. n. cutaneous femoris post. For each of the items below identify the most appropriate item/items from the list above. You can chose altogether maximally 7 items. 1.1 Canalis obturatorius F 1.2 Foramen infrapiriforme B, D, E, G, I 1.3 Foramen suprapiriforme C Max points: 7 Obtained points 2 Which ones of the following options apply to a complete mole? A Haploid B Diploid C Triploid D Tetraploid E Only maternal DNA F Only paternal DNA G Maternal and paternal DNA Max points: 2 3 The duration of prophase during spermatogenesis is: A From 10 to 50 years B Around 2 years C Around 220 days D Around 22 days E Around 5 hrs Max points : 1 3

4 4 Topic: Muscles of pelvis Options: A B C D E F G H I M. coccygeus M. puborectalis M. piriformis M. transversus perinei superficialis M. pubococcygeus M. obturatorius int. M. gemmellus inf. M. iliococcygeus M. obturatorius ext. Lead in: For each of the statements below identify the most appropriate item/items from the list above. You can chose altogether maximally 4 items. 4.1 Attaches to arcus tendineus musculi levatoris ani H 4.2 Passes through foramen ischiadicum majus C 4.3 Attaches to spina ischiadica A 4.4 Passes through foramen ischiadicum minus F Max points: 4 Obtained points 4

5 Assay questions 5 What is sacrococcygeal teratoma and what is its origin? 1. Benign tumor/cyst in sacral region composed of different tissues 2. Ectopic primordial germ cells or epiblast cells Max points : 2 6 What are the effects of FSH on the Sertolli cells? 1. Upregulation of ABP 2. Upregulation of testosterone receptor 3. Testicular fluid / estradiol / inhibin / stimulation of spermatogenesis Max points : 3 7 What is the name of the malformed organ in the image and due to the failure of what process it acquired this shape? 1. Uterus didelphys/bicornis bicollis 2. Fusion of paramesonephric ducts Max points : 2 8 The sinovaginal bulbus develops into what of structures/organs. 1. Lower 2/3 of vagina 2. Hymen 5

6 Max points : 2 9 M. ischiocavernosus provides for analogous functions in males and females. Identify structures, which it covers and describe the role it plays in sexual arousal. Males 1. Crura penis (proximal parts of corpora cavernosa) 2. Involved in erection Females 1. Crura clitoridis (corpora cavernosa) 2. Involved in erection Max points : 4 10 Describe the mechanism of action for the following drugs 1. Sildenafil (Viagra) - Inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5) 2. Alprostadil (PGE1) - Increases camp 3. Apomorphin - Stimulates D2 receptors 4. Phentolamine - Blocks alpha receptors 5. Papaverine - Increases camp and/or cgmp Max points : 5 11 During embryogenesis this gonad is producing the MIF (Müllerian inhibitory factor). Specify which gonad it is and describe what other internal and external genitals will develop in this individual. Gonad: testis Internal genitals: testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ductus ejaculatorius, accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral gland) External genitals: scrotum, penis Max points : 7 6

7 12 What is the embryonic origin (embryonic germ layer) of trigonum vesicae? Describe the process through which this structure is established. 1. Mesoderm 2. Caudal ends of mesonephric ducts swing around ureter attachments and move caudally to open into urethra leaving behind a triangle of mesonephric tissue. Max points : 2 13 The hydrocele in scrotum is remnant of what structure? Processus vaginalis Max points : 1 14 Regarding sperm maturation and capacitation, describe where these processes they take place and in what way they modify the sperm. Maturation 1. Epidydimis 2. Gain the capacity to swim and fertilize Capacitation 1. Tuba uterina/female genital tract 2. Gain the capacity to fertilize (undergo acrosome reaction) by removal of surface glycoproteins from seminal fluid. Facts beyond the necessary: processes involve increase of membrane fluidity through the removal of cholesterol, increase of motility (hyperactivation), increase of intracellular Ca and kinase activity Max points : 4 7

8 15 Identify the labeled structures in the image. 1. Vesica urinaria 2. Glandula prostatica 3. M. levator ani 4. M. transversus perinei profundus 5. Corpus spongiosum/bulbus penis 6. Corpus cavernosum/crus penis 7. M. ischiocavernosus 8. M. bulbospongiosus Max points : 8 8

9 16 What is the age of this conceptus and Identify the labeled structures. Age: 7-8 days 1. Amnioblasts 2. Epiblast 3. Amniotic cavity 4. Hypoblast 5. Blastocyst cavity 6. Cytotrophoblast 7. Syncytiotrophoblast Max points : 8 Total 62 points 9