Supermarkeder og Smart Grid muligheder for fleksibelt elforbrug Torben Funder-Kristensen Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Controls 1 Department (slide master) www.danfoss.com
Agenda Cold Food Chain Trends & Drivers Supermarkedets behov Case Konklusion 2 Department (slide master)
A market leader in Food Cold Chain 3 Department (slide master)
Trends & Drivers Kølemidler: ODP (R22) phase out GWP fokus stigende globalt Tilgængelige low GWP kølemidler Minimer investeringer i energi infrastrukturen: Forbedre effektiviteten Minimer peak loads sikre stabilitet Effective termiske netværk Sustainability: Udnyt fuld Kompressor arbejde Udnyt fri kompressor kapacitety Minimer miljøpåvirkningen og lav en god forretning! 4 Department (slide master)
Power consumption Smart Grid & Supermarkeder Supermarkeder har en stor termisk masse som kan styres via kølesystemet Ved at anvende predictive control kombineret med information om belastningsmønstre, vejrudsigter og ikke mindst elpriser, så vil den termiske masse muliggøre en skræddersyet ny belastningssituation Desuden kan man også muliggøre en meget hurtig respons v. kritiske lave frekvenser i nettet Enable load shifting capabilities over the day (hours) Short term load variations (minutes) 5 Department (slide master)
Supermarkedet behøver Hot water for sanitary purposes Cooling for conservation of perishable foods Heating for comfort Scenen er sat for varmegenvinding.. 6 Department (slide master)
Heat Reclaim Case Southern Denmark Area: 1000 m 2 from 2010 Compressors: 5 MT (1 VS), 4 LT Cooling Capacity: 160 kw Online COP calculation Performance of refrigeration system (COP) Heating : Sanitary water (1800 l tank (65 o C ) Floor heating/low temp coils (35 o C ) Heating investments (add on) is less than 7000 MT Pack LT Pack 7 Department (slide master)
System setup Høruphav, DK 8 Department (slide master)
Varmegenvinding Eksempel med CO2 Month January (5 C) October (13 C) COP (Low Temp) 1,6 1,3 En normal butik kan opvarmes fuldt ud Overordnet COP (COSP) stiger når udetemperaturen falder. Lave emissioner Excellent business case pga. varme besparelser Kompressorkapaciteten ar langt fra udnyttet det giver rum for ekstra varmepumpeanvendelse COP (Medium Temp) 3,1 2,8 COP (LT+MT) 2,5 2,2 COSP (Heating + Lt +MT) 4,1 2,6 9 Department (slide master)
95.000 per Year -7% Varmegenvinding: Omkostningssammenligning mellem systemer -28% CO2 booster system med varmegenvinding formindsker de overordnede energiomkostning med mere end 20 % R404A system CO2 Booster CO2 Booster with heat recovery Electricity : 0,14 / kwh Gas : 1,40 / m 3 10 Department (slide master)
Perspektiver omkring Supermarkeder 10-20% af det totale energiforbrug kan tilskrives køle og Air Conditioning. Køling af supermarkeder bruger op til 2% Potentialer: Installeret kompressorkapacitet kunne bruge op til 100-200 % mere hvis man udnyttede dem i varmepumpedrift og solgte varme til fjernvarmen Flexibility - we can do it: Flexibility i demand response context er en demonstreret parameter og kan implementeres uden de store tekniske vanskeligheder Only real value drives market : Vi skal have et ægte DK marked for flexibility service. 11 Department (slide master)
Total Energy Store Fra Energy Consumer til Energy Prosumer Supermarket as an Energy Prosumer Total energy store: Heat recovery Use refrigeration compressors for heatpump purposes in periods where cooling load is low and heating load is high (winter). Install heat/cooling storage units (to store energy where electricity price is low and/or COP is high). Sell excessive heat from refrigeration system into the district heating system. Combine Photovoltaic (PV) and refrigeration/ heating into a local microgrid power system 12 Department (slide master)
UK case: Business infrastructure Alarm & maintenance services Monitoring centre Monitoring centre National Grid Super market Power EDF Energy supplier (act as aggregator) Refrigeration controllers Delivery of DM services (tool) Controls equipment supplier Danfoss Information DM supplier 13 Department (slide master)
Demand Management trial Demonstrate Demand Management in 23 stores. a) Defrost shifting +/- 2 hours b) FFR (Fast Frequency Response) control c) Railheat / glasdoor heater control d) HVAC / Light on/off control 14 Department (slide master)
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Konklusion Supermarkeder udgør en potentiel flexibilty partner i fremtidens smart grid system Nemme at få fat på Betragteligt potentiale Samspil med varmenettet udgør en yderligere mulighed for at skabe værdi Teknologien er mere eller mindre tilgængelig men skal tilpasses de enkelte områders behov 16 Department (slide master)