Challenges in Soil Remediation Ulrich Gosewinkel Karlson National Environmental Research Institute University of Aarhus Roskilde
WP4 COWI Ninna Dahl Ravnsbæk DTU Env Stefan Trapp Sanne Skov Nielsen Rasmus Jacobsen Peter Kjeldsen AU - NERI Philipp Mayer Ulrich Gosewinkel Karlson
Vision
Vision Recovery of contaminated soil as a resource
Vision Recovery of contaminated soil as a resource Stabilization
Soil Contamination* * heavy metals or PAHs
Concept non-accessible accessible
Concept non- available available
Concept non-accessible accessible
Concept non-accessible accessible
Concept non-accessible accessible
Concept non-accessible accessible
Concept non-accessible accessible
non-accessible accessible Problem or Solution?
As, Cr non-accessible accessible
As, Cr non-accessible Make it all non-accessible!
Ochreous Sludge: Waste product from drinking water treatment - Usually landfilled or incinerated - Contains some unwanted trace elements (Cd and As) 80% highly reactive iron oxide - Excellent sorbent of anions - Arsenic and Chromate BUT will probably dissolve if soil gets flooded
Field experiment As contamination Porewater in untreated soil: 20 80 mg/l Porewater in treated soil: 0.1 1 mg/l Arsenic in porewater [mg/l] 80 60 40 20 0 aug sep nov jan feb apr jun Untreated soil Treated soil Natural iron oxides in soil dissolves Arsenic is released Limited release of arsenic Formation of Fe(III)AsO 4 (s)?
So far Ochreous sludge minimizes leaching of As and Cr -- and it seems to be more stable than expected Further Research - Aging of ochre - Practical application - Economic evaluation
PAHs non-accessible accessible
PAHs non-accessible accessible Degrade it!
PAHs non-accessible accessible Make it safe!
Bioremediation traditional goal non-accessible accessible cleanup
Bioremediation non-accessible accessible?
Bioremediation non-accessible accessible Problem!
Exposure reduction non-accessible accessible
Exposure reduction non-accessible accessible Advantage?
Hypothesis non-accessible accessible Exposure of sensitive receptors is reduced significantly
Traditionally Soil Bioremediation = Method for soil cleanup
Soil Bioremediation = Method for exposure and risk reduction
Measuring techniques Determination of chemical activity accessibility non-accessible fraction Prediction of biodegradability Prediction of plant uptake Toxicity testing Validation of concept
Prediction of biodegradability:
Prediction of biodegradability: Rapid quantification of the non-accessible fraction
Prediction of biodegradability: Rapid quantification of the non-accessible fraction
Prediction of plant uptake
Uptake pathways Exchange with air Particle deposition Direct soil contact Diffusion Xylem & Phloem transport Translocation in xylem Soil air plant Advective uptake with water
Crop-specific models for transfer into diet Meat Milk Cereals (Models: Trapp (95, 02, and 07), Travis & Arms (88), and TGD (03)) Fish
Challenges in Soil Remediation?
New Concepts in Soil Remediation!
New Solutions in Soil Remediation
Biostabilisation: Old bioremediation techniques Stimulation of bacterial activity Phytoremediation leaching + bacterial activity + oxygen + plant uptake Organic amendments + artificial humus (possible connection to sprækker )
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DMU farver til præsentationer
PAHs non-accessible accessible Degrade it!