Danish and English. Standard Field Analysis (Diderichsen) Standard Field Analysis (Diderichsen)

Transkript

1 Danish and English Some major poins of synacic conrass [Righ click for speaker s noes] Sandard Field nalysis (Diderichsen) Main clause able fel Forfel (Fundamenfel) Nexusfel ndholdsfel og Hvorfor Søren derfor Nøgler v (fini) Kunne havde skal n (subjek) Peer Peer Peer man neop aldrig (infini) e e lag e hænge N (objek) den den i skabe? dér? i skuffen, i skabe. i skabe.? ould Peer no he key in he close?? Why could Peer no i in he close? Søren had jus pu he key in he drawer, *and herefore could Peer no he key in he close. *Keys mus you never leave in closes Sandard Field nalysis (Diderichsen) Embedded clause able fel Nexusfel ndholdsfel Underordning Sideordning men og eller a hvem hvorfor a n (subjek) Peer der Kirsen Jens ellers alid aldrig v (fini) ville skulle havde (infini) e hjælpe spille være N (objek) ham fago syg i skabe. med de. om naen, efer en fes *bu ha Peer no could he key in he close *and who here oherwise would help him wih ha *or why Kirsen always mus play he bassoon a nigh *ha Jens never had been sick afer a pary

2 omparison of main and embedded ables Main Forb. fel Forfel Derfor v (fini) n (subjek) a (infini) e e N (objek) i skabe i skabe Sideordning Under ord ning a n (subjek) a v (fini) (infini) e N (objek) i skabe Embedded XBar Theory Head Maximal projecion ifier XP Xbar ZP X omplemen X YP X = desroyed he plane ZP = ; YP = X = N 's desrucion of he plane ZP = GenP; YP = X = raher desrucive of planes ZP = ; YP = X =P righ off he plane ZP = ; YP = Desuden: (omplemenizer) P(hrase) = (idligere) S (inflecional) P(hrase) = (idligere) S 5 Tables and X rees (1): Main lauses P (=S) Peer ZP fand found i skabe in he close he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) Peer Peer fand found he key i skabe in he close

3 P Peer [+Pas] fand ZP i skabe in he close he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) Peer Peer fand he key i skabe in he close P Peer fand i skabe in he close ZP no he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) Peer Peer fand no he key i skabe in he close P * Peer fand ZP i skuffen in he drawer he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) skuffen *n he drawer fand Peer Peer he key

4 P *i skabe *in he close fand n no Peer he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) skabe *n he close fand Peer Peer no he key P Hvor Where Peer fand n ZP no he key i skabe in he close Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) Hvor? Where fand Peer Peer no he key P [+Pas] fand i skabe Peer e Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (infini) N (objek) Peer Peer fand no he key i skabe in he close

5 P [+Pas] n in he close Peer he key Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) v + a (infini) N (objek) Peer fand Peer no he key i skabe in he close The basic clause in Danish is P The basic clause in English Peer is P P fand Peer n n he key Danish Boh English Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (v +) a (infini) N (objek) Peer fand Peer no he key i skabe in he close Wha P Hvad P n fand Peer Peer n he key These are YesNoquesions formed in English by raising he finie auxiliary (if here is one, oherwise do) from o, in Danish by raising he finie verb (of any kind) o and hen o. English and Danish are hen fairly similar in he formaion of WH/H quesions wo cases in poin o prove ha is needed as a srucural possibiliy in English as well.

6 Shif + har læs nogen bøger has n any books? har ingen bøger læs has no books læse nogen bøger n any books læse ingen bøger no books in field analysis erms Forfel v (fini) n (subjek) (v +) NEG (infini) N (objek) har hasn læs nogen bøger any books? har ingen bøger has læs no books læse læse n ingen bøger nogen bøger any books no books and in Xbar erms P P har hasn no any books læs nogen bøger

7 ingen bøger P læse no books P f. Dial. n no books in which is acive. P læs har no books P has nogen bøger ingen bøger

8 omparison of main and embedded ables, again Main Forb. fel Forfel Derfor v (fini) n (subjek) a (infini) e e N (objek) i skabe i skabe Sideordning Under ord ning a n (subjek) a v (fini) (infini) e N (objek) i skabe Embedded hough mene P P ha a Peer Peer n no he key fand Relaive clause formaion N N N N key nøgle which P som P ha a Peer Peer n no he key fand (he) key which Peer n (den) nøgle som Peer fand