Bæredygtig Kemi i Fremtidens Samfund

Transkript

1 Kemiens Dag 2018, Industriens Hus, København, 27.november 2018 Bæredygtig Kemi i Fremtidens Samfund - Hvad Fokuserer Forskningen På? Rasmus Fehrmann DTU Kemi

2 Hoved-og fokusområder, relevante for det fremtidige bæredygtige samfund Energi Biomasse -> Fuel (flydende) Jetbrændstof Transportsektoren samt -> Fuel (gas) Biogas, Brint El-og varmeproduktion -> Fuel (fast) Produktionsstrategi, emission Vedvarende energi : Sol Vind Vand Fusion El- og varmeproduktion Klima og Miljø Nedsat emission/udledning af : Svovl Skrubning, afsvovling Energiproduktion og transport Nitrogenoxider Katalytisk røggasrensning Carbonoxider CO 2 -Capture og lagring Partikler Forbrændingsteknologi, filtre Nitrat og phosphat Vandrensning Landbrug, husholdning og industri Organisk materiale Vandrensning Tungmetaller Vand- og røggasrensning Plast Bionedbrydning,substitution

3 Hoved-og fokusområder, relevante for det fremtidige bæredygtige samfund Produktionsteknologi Mindre energiforbrug Katalyse, procesoptimering Industrisektoren Større selektivitet, mindre affald Katalyse, separation Enklere procesdesign Fx batch->kontinuert mindre CAPEX og OPEX Recirkulation og genbrug Arbejdsmiljø Substitution Kemikalieproduktion Biomasse -> Fin- og brugskemikalier Sukker, cellulose og lignin omdannelse Kemisk industri -> Polymerer -> Farmaceutica Pyrolyse Generel strategi : => Platformskemikalier, H 2 behov Opløsningskemi CO2 -> Kemikalier Separation, katalyse, H 2 behov Kemisk industri Fødevarer Jordens befolkning vokser mod 10 milliarder : Øget fødevareproduktion -> Øget Landbrugsareal -> Stigende gødningsbehov Katalyse -> Havbrugsudvidelse Fødevareindustri

4 CO2 til flybrændstof (DFF ans.)

5 Biogas produktion og forædling (Igangværende projekt DTU-Industri) Typisk biogas komposition ab fermentor : CH 4 60 %, CO 2 40 %, H 2 S ppm level, H 2 O 2-4 %

6 Alternative Energy Sources EU reached agreements in 2007 and 2014 that 20 % of the energy should be produced from renewable sources by 2020 and 40 % by 2030 to cut emissions of the green house gas CO 2. By 2012 new fossil fired plants shall be equipped with technology for capture and storage of CO 2 Proportion of renewable energy in the EU (2007)

7 Solid Biomass Fuel Sustainablity CO 2 -neutral burning of waste and biomass alone or combined with fossil fuel is a sustainable technology for energy production. However, cleaning of the flue gas for NOx and SOx is still mandatory. AND remember to replant the harvested biomass!

8 Commercial vanadium deno x catalyst deactivation Catalyst life is a function of fuel

9 Potential industrial catalysts with high potassium tolerance DTU-Ørsted-LAB(FR) Catalytic activity of potential catalysts at high potassium exposure at 400 C.

10 Special Challenge : NOx Emission From Ships 2-5 times higher than from power plants essentially no flue gas cleaning demanded by law By % reduction demanded for new ships (IMO)

11 Sustainable Process Design : SILP ROMEO Reactor Optimisation by Membrane Enhanched Operation 6 M ( ) Combination of homogeneous catalytical reaction with membrane separation function on a single support structure Demonstration plants for hydroformylation and WGS Energy savings up to 70 %

12 Catalysis for Sustainable Energy DTU (H2CAP,CASE) m.fl.

13 Dissolution of Biomass in Ionic Liquids DTU and Worldvide Pine wood in the ionic liquid [BMIm]Cl Wood 100 C, 0 h 100 C, 1 h [BMIm]Cl 100 C, 5 h From Robin Rogers et al. By courtesy of Peter Schultz, University of Erlangen- Nürnberg

14 Bio-kemikalier DTU/HTAS/Perstorp(SE)(Cat2BioChem) and Worldvide

15 Growing Population : Importance of catalysis ~40 % of the world population of 7 BN is fed by NH 3 production

16 Conclusions Much research takes place world wide within sustainable chemical production A number of alternative processes and technologies close to be operational are at hand However implementation is rather slow..why? Factors affecting industrial realisation : - Market economy - Depletion of natural ressources - Legislation - Public opinion 16

17 CSC : Thank you for your attention! Infrastructure 35 scientists (5 Faculty, 2 TAP, 5 PD, 25 students) 55 modules (17 labs, 21 offices) Projects Economy Dissemination Current funding about 6 MEUR 15 ongoing projects scientific articles per year 3-5 patent applications per year 3 spin-off companies