FORSKNINGSMÆSSIGE FOKUSOMÅDER MOD VENTILATION I NÆSTEN ENERGINEUTRALT BYGGERI PER HEISELBERG INSTITUT FOR BYGGERI OG ANLÆG

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1 FORSKNINGSMÆSSIGE FOKUSOMÅDER MOD VENTILATION I NÆSTEN ENERGINEUTRALT BYGGERI PER HEISELBERG

2 FIRST PHASE IN THE GREEN TRANSITION OF THE ENERGY SYSTEM (BUILDINGS ROLE) FOCUS ON IMPROVED ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF NEW BUILDINGS FOCUS ON ENERGY RENOVATION OF THE EXISTING BUILDING STOCK FOCUS OM INCREASING RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION FOCUS ON COST OPTIMALITY ON BUILDING LEVEL

3 Reference: Niels Bruus Varming, Trafik og Byggestyrelsen

4 NEXT PHASE IN THE GREEN TRANSITION OF THE ENERGY SYSTEM (BUILDINGS ROLE) FOCUS ON REALIZING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS AND ENERGY SAVINGS FOCUS ON COST OPTIMALITY ON SYSTEM LEVEL FOCUS ON MORE EFFICIENT USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION, PEAK POWER REDUCTION AND SECURE POWER CAPACITY THROUGH ENERGY FLEXIBLE AND GRID-SUPPORTIVE BUILDINGS

5 OPTIMUM HEAT ENERGY SAVINGS IN THE BUIDLING SECTOR Present average energy use Ref.: IDA S Energy Vision 2050

6 WHAT WILL BE THE MAIN DRIVING FACTORS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF HVAC SYSTEMS CONTINUOS DEVELOPMENT IN REQUIREMENTS FOR REDUCED ENERGY USE IN BUILDINGS (PRIMARY ENERGY)?? PERFORMANCE TEST, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE?? INCREASED DEMAND FOR APPLICATION OF LOW VALUED AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES?? TIGHTENING OF REQUIREMENTS FOR INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY?? TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGHS?? NEW MATERIALS??

7 FOKUSOMRÅDER MOD 2020 VENTILATION RELATIVT HØJT ENERGIFORBRUG Lavt tryktab (varmegenvinding/filtrering, korte føringsveje anvendelse af bygning, lokale/decentrale systemer) Bedre effektivitet, behovsstyring (lokal eller personlig ventilation, brugbare kriterier for komfort og sundhed for både boliger og arbejdspladser) VARMELASTER STORE I FORHOLD TIL TAB Naturlig køling med udeluft, natkøling, vinduesudluftning, små luftmængder med lave temperaturer i brugstiden, udjævning (energiforbrug og indeklima) ved bygningens termisk masse OPTIMERING AF DRIFT Intelligent og integreret styring med andre tekniske systemer (solafskærmning, naturlig ventilation, udluftning, termisk masse,.) Behovsstyring (temperatur, luftkvalitet) Løbende optimering af funktion (billige sensorer, datanetværk,..)

8 Diffuse Ceiling Supply

9 VENTILATIVE COOLING IN COLD CLIMATE - DENMARK

10 WHAT IS DIFFUSE CEILING VENTILATION THE SPACE ABOVE A SUSPENDED CEILING IS USED AS A PLENUM AND FRESH AIR IS SUPPLIED TO THE OCCUPIED ZONE THROUGH PERFORATED SUSPENDED CEILING.

11 THE PRINCIPLE Rockfon / Troldtekt ceiling Ecophon ceiling Fully diffuse ceiling

12 WIDEX/WESSBERG A/S

13 SOLBJERGSKOLEN SOUTHWEST OF ÅRHUS

14 SYSTEM PRINCIPLE

15 DRAUGHT RISK Extreme winter condition: supply air temperature 8 o C, ACH =4 DR <20% ISO 7730

16 Night Cooling

17 DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE JULY Meteonorm Data

18 CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF CCP Climatic Cooling Potential for Maritime Climate Bergen Helsinki Airport Copenhagen Taastrup Dublin Airport London Weather C. Paris Montsouris Bordeaux Rome Ciampino Lisbon Athens CCP per night (K h) Athens 150 nights/year Paris 28 nights/year Copenhagen 7 nights/year 80 Kh 100 Reference: Artmann et al. Applied Energy 84 (2007) CCP = 80Kh ~ 50W/m Nights per year

19 OVERHEATING DEGREE HOURS ABOVE 26 C FOR ZURICH CLIMATIC DATA ANETZ ); for a light (o), medium (*) and heavy ( ) mass construction

20 OVERHEATING DEGREE HOURS ABOVE 26 C FOR ZURICH CLIMATIC DATA ANETZ ); for a light (o), medium (*) and heavy ( ) mass construction

21 Thermal Storage in Computer Seminar Room

22 Reference: Prof. Kolokotroni REHVA Journal January 2016

23 Reference: Prof. Kolokotroni REHVA Journal January 2016

24 Reference: Prof. Kolokotroni REHVA Journal January 2016

25 Reference: Prof. Kolokotroni REHVA Journal January 2016

26 Heating Energy Flexibility

HEATING FLEXIBILITY USING BUILDING THERMAL

decrease) Type of emitters Temperature set

yr) +2K Temperature set point Time 2 24 hrs

27 HEATING FLEXIBILITY USING BUILDING THERMAL MASS FOR STORAGE Type of buildings PARAMETER VARIATION Type of activation (duration, starting time, increase vs. decrease) Type of emitters Temperature set point BR 79 (140 kwh/m².yr) +2K Temperature set point Time 2 24 hrs Passive house (14 kwh/m².yr) Source:: Le Dreau and Heiselberg To be published Sizing factor + 25% 2K Time

28 CONTROL SCENARIOS FOR FLEXIBLE DEMAND SCENARIO # 1 (4 HRS CONSERVATION) : THE SET-POINT IS DECREASED BY 2 K IN PERIODS WITH HIGH PRICES, BUT FOR A MAXIMUM PERIOD OF 4 HOURS. THIS MODULATION CAN BE REPEATED OVER THE DAY AFTER A WAITING PERIOD OF 4 HOURS. SCENARIO # 2 (4 HRS STORAGE AND CONSERVATION) : THE SET- POINT IS DECREASED BY 2 K IN PERIODS WITH HIGH PRICES OR INCREASED BY 2 K IN PERIODS WITH LOW PRICES, BUT FOR A MAXIMUM PERIOD OF 4 HOURS. THESE MODULATIONS CAN BE REPEATED OVER THE DAY AFTER A WAITING PERIOD OF 4 HOURS. SCENARIO # 3 (6 HRS STORAGE AND CONSERVATION) : SIMILAR TO SCENARIO # 2, BUT WITH 6 HRS. Source:: Le Dreau and Heiselberg To be published

29 EXAMPLE OF FLEXIBILITY ACHIEVED (SINGLE- FAMILY HOUSE 80 S). Radiator Underfloor heating Ref. # 1 # 2 # 3 Ref. # 1 # 2 # 3 mean(t op ) ( C) min(t op ) ( C) max(t op ) ( C) Heating need (kwh/m².year) Share of tariff (kwh/m².year) Ref # 1 # 2 # Ref # 1 # 2 # 3 Flexibility factor ( ) 0 0 Low Medium High Low Medium High Source:: Le Dreau and Heiselberg To be published

30 EXAMPLE OF FLEXIBILITY ACHIEVED (PASSIVE HOUSE). Radiator Underfloor heating Ref. # 4 # 5 # 6 Ref. # 4 # 5 # 6 mean(t op ) ( C) min(t op ) ( C) max(t op ) ( C) Heating need (kwh/m².year) Share of tariff (kwh/m².year) Ref # 1 # 2 # Ref # 1 # 2 # 3 Flexibility factor ( ) 0 0 Low Medium High Low Medium High Source:: Le Dreau and Heiselberg To be published

31 Tak for opmærksomheden

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