VENTILATION I EKSISTERENDE SKOLER HVORFOR OG HVORDAN? STEFFEN PETERSEN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR STP@ENG.AU.DK UNI VERSITET
HVORFOR BYGGER VI HUSE?
Hvorfor bygger vi huse? HVORFOR BYGGER VI HUSE?
Indeklima who cares?
INDEKLIMA I SKOLER HVORFOR? Intervention study The effect of increased classroom ventilation rate indicated by reduced CO 2 -concentration on the performance of schoolwork by children Children aged 10-12 years at two different schools (two classrooms at each school) 5
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - TESTS Four different performance tests as surrogates for short-term concentration and logical thinking. Day of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Performance Test Addition Number comparison Grammatical reasoning Reading and comprehension (Questionnaire) 6
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - TESTS Four different performance tests as surrogates for short-term concentration and logical thinking. Day of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Performance Test Addition Number comparison Grammatical reasoning Reading and comprehension (Questionnaire) 7
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - TESTS Four different performance tests as surrogates for short-term concentration and logical thinking. Day of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Performance Test Addition Number comparison Grammatical reasoning Reading and comprehension (Questionnaire) 8
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - TESTS Four different performance tests as surrogates for short-term concentration and logical thinking. Day of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Performance Test Addition Number comparison Grammatical reasoning Reading and comprehension (Questionnaire) 9
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - TESTS Four different performance tests as surrogates for short-term concentration and logical thinking. Day of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Performance Test Addition Number comparison Grammatical reasoning Reading and comprehension (Questionnaire) 10
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - EXECUTION School A School B Rehearsal week Baseline week Classroom 1 Classroom 1 Classroom 3 Classroom 3 Classroom 2 Classroom 2 Classroom 4 Classroom 4 Experiment Experiment Week 1 Week 2 Classroom 1 Classroom 1 Classroom 3 Doubleblind Classroom 2 Classroom 4 Classroom 3 Classroom 2 2x2 cross over Classroom 4 = NO CHANGES = RECIRCULATION = FRESH AIR 11
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP VENTILATION AND MEASUREMENTS Classroom 1 (school A) Classroom 3 (school A) Classroom 2 (school B) Classroom 4 (school B) 12
RESULTS - MEASUREMENTS 13
RESULTS PERFORMANCE 14
»Hvor slemt er det så?
»Hvor slemt er det så? Morgenkoldt pga. natsænkning
»Sammenfatning Hvor slemt er det så? SLEMT! Ønsker man at undgå følgerne af dårlig luftkvalitet, skal man ikke bare lufte ud i pauserne, men sikre at klasselokalerne har en kontinuerlig friskluftstilførsel.
INDEKLIMA HVORDAN? I bygningsdesign er der ingen optimal løsning! men gode og acceptable løsninger og dårlige løsninger
DESIGNGUIDE TIL ETABLERING AF VENTILATION I EKSISTERENDE SKOLER Steffen Petersen og Christian A. Hviid HVAC Magasinet, Vol. 48,. 11, 2012, p. 44-46. Passivehouse symposium 2012, Brussels
DESIGNGUIDE TIL ETABLERING AF VENTILATION I EKSISTERENDE SKOLER Kategorisér skolen ud fra konstruktionsprincip
DESIGNGUIDE TIL ETABLERING AF VENTILATION I EKSISTERENDE SKOLER Kategorisér skolen ud fra overordnet geometri og konstruktions-princip Brug efterfølgende diagrammer til at identificere et passende ventilationskoncept
Facade elements Many load-bearing inner walls Mainly light partitions Is deteriorated air quality allowed? Occasionally Is draught acceptable for short periods? What is the general room height? > 2.7m Is external noise or pollution a problem? 2.5-2.7m Is draught acceptable for short periods? Is external noise or pollution a problem? < 2.9m Corridor height below beams? 2.9-3.1m > 3.2m > 3.1m Centered/- vertical build.shape Facade corridor Is room height larger than 2.7m? Central balanced mech. vent. Decentral balanced mech. vent. Is room depth less than 5x room height? Is room depth less than 2.5x room height? Is room depth less than 4x room height? Is room depth less than 5x room height? > 2.5m What is the general room height? > 2.8m Natural stack ventilation Natural single-side ventilation Natural cross-side ventilation Decentral compact room AHU s Mechanical exhaust Ceiling circular supply Side-wall supply
Punctuated facade Many load-bearing inner walls Mainly light partitions Aisle Is deteriorated air quality allowed? Occasionally Is draught acceptable for short periods? Type of corridor Is external noise or pollution a problem? Room height > 2.7m Does window upper edge align with the ceiling? Along facade 2.5-2.7m 2.5-2.7m Is draught acceptable for short periods? Is external noise or pollution a problem? Does window upper edge align with the ceiling? Room height > 2.7m < 2.9m Central balanced mech. ventilation Corridor height? 2.9-3.1m > 3.2m > 3.1m Decentral balanced mech. ventilation Is room depth less than 2.5x height? Is distance to facade less than 4x room height Is room depth less than 5x height > 2.5m What is the general room height? > 2.8m Natural singleside ventilation Natural crossside ventilation Decentral compact AHU s Mechanical exhaust Ceiling circular supply Side-wall supply
NOTER TIL DESIGNGUIDE Diagrammerne tager ikke højde for lodrette føringsveje, men man kan typisk anvende opbevaringsrum, rengøringsrum, dele af klasseværelser eller gange, kælderen og/eller tag. Diagrammerne er tænkt som et værktøj, der gør det relativt nemt og hurtigt at fastlægge det overordnede ventilationsprincip for en skole. Når det overordnede princip er fastlagt, begynder den egentlige projektering af ventilationsløsningen.
TAK STEFFEN PETERSEN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR STP@ENG.AU.DK UNI VERSITET