State of Mechanical Biological Waste Treatment in Germany Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Bernd Märtner

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1 State of Mechanical Biological Waste Treatment in Germany Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Bernd Märtner Treatment 1

2 About M&S Umweltprojekt M&S Umweltprojekt GmbH Headquarters Plauen, Germany 8 agencies and 1 subsidiary company in Germany Foreign agencies/ subsidiary companies in: Aš, Czech Republic Aleppo, Syria Siauliai, Lithuania Ufa, Russia Treatment 2

3 About M&S Umweltprojekt New Headquarters M&S Umweltprojekt GmbH, Germany, Plauen, Pfortenstr.7 Treatment 3

4 Introduction Kinds of waste treatment /disposal a) Landfilling b) Incineration c) {Mechanical waste treatment} d) Mechanical biological waste treatment Treatment 4

5 Waste composition Waste for landfilling = inhomogeneous mixture Treatment 5

6 Introduction Environmental hazards of waste disposal on landfills Production of leachate Production of landfill gas Settlement of the landfill body Fire danger Extension of diseases by animals Extension of diseases by dust Burden by stench Usage of ground areas Treatment 6

7 Waste collection Strategy of modern waste management systems Avoidance of waste production Recycling of waste Material recycling Thermal recycling (fuel value > 11MJ/kg regulated by German Kreislaufwirtschafts- und Abfallgesetz) Disposal of waste aftertreatment Treatment 7

8 Introduction Principal reasons for waste (pre)treatment Reduction of leachate production Reduction of landfill gas production Reduction of the landfill body settlement Economy of landfill capacity Main aim: Reduction of the Carbon / biodegradable content of waste before landfilling Treatment 8

9 Waste composition 3,00% 1,00% 6,00% 3,00% 7,00% Waste composition Organic waste Glass Metallic 80,00% Mineral material and construction waste Hazardous waste Other arts of waste (batteries and ect.) Treatment 9

10 Treatment (MBT) / Preface MBT is structured in a mechanical sorting and crushing phase and in a biological phase (degradation of bio components) Treatment 10

11 Mechanical Treatment Sorting Crushing Sieving Homogenization 1. Volume decrease (Potential recyclables and harmful substances will be separated) 2. Surface increase for microorganisms 3. Separation of non-degradable materials (Sand, foil, carpets etc.) 4. Addition of water, nutrients to get optimal degradation conditions Treatment 11

12 MBS Vogtland MBS Vogtland has been in operation since May 2007 Capacity: 50,000t/a domestic and industrial waste Waste from Vogtland region and Plauen city, inhabitants 260,000 Investment costs: 24 Mio Construction period: 2a Treatment 12

13 Acceptance wet waste (domestic waste) Man. foreign material sorting Foreign material disposal Acceptance dry waste (bulky and industrial) Pror size reduction Man. sorting Magnetic separator Pror size reduction stationary Utilization of potential recyclable Strainer < 65 mm Magnetic separator > 65 mm Magnetic separator < 65 mm Utilization of Fe-Metall BE 1 3F-Separator Loading of the container Heavy material disposal / landfill Feeding stabilat Stabilization Strainer < 15 mm Closed after composting < 15 mm Air separator Open after composting Inert fraction BE 3 BE 2 Substitute fuel utilization Legend: Transport Optional Transport Verbleib Landfill Treatment 13

$Stabilized fraction$ Container for

14 MBS Vogtland Output Stabilized fraction Container for stabilization Treatment 14

$Light fraction (to$ substitute fuel)

15 MBS Vogtland Output Light fraction (to substitute fuel) Substitute fuel Treatment 15

16 Costs of MBT Calculation of specific operating costs 1. Fixed costs Costs of capital Administration costs Taxes and assurances + 2. Variable costs Personnel costs Maintenance costs Energy costs Miscellaneous costs + 3. Selling and disposal costs + Selling costs substitute fuel Disposal costs mineral fraction Disposal costs foreign material Sewage costs 4. Revenues Revenues scrap iron Treatment 16

17 Costs of MBT = Operating Costs per year Specific Operating Costs=operating costs / operational capacity Specific operating costs of MBS Vogtland = 136 /t Treatment 17

18 State of Mechanical Biological Waste Treatment in Germany Location Illustration of MBT-Plants and Incineration-plants MBT locations are concentrated in the eastern and northern part of Germany Bavaria and Baden- Württenberg are centers of waste incineration Treatment 18

19 State of Mechanical Biological Waste Treatment in Germany Actual Situation The German MBT-Plants works with full load 25% of municipal waste are pre-treated by MBT. this is approx. 6 Mt 3 Mt of high calorific fraction are produced (heating value is comparable to wood or brown coal) A larger nuclear power station could be replaced by this energy content Treatment 19

20 State of Mechanical Biological Waste Treatment in Germany THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Treatment 20

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