Biogasmøde Tinglev 25.11.2009 Grænseoverskridende samarbejde FHF AAU SDU / IHK URS Bioenergi muligheder! Bioenergi muligheder! Orientering om bioenergi i Syddanmark Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen Head of Centre for Bioenergy and Green Engineering Esbjerg Institute of Technology, Aalborg University Esbjerg Niels Bohrs Vej 8, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark Cell: +45 2166 2511 E-mail: jhn@aaue.dk Web: www.sdu.dk/bio; www.acabs.dk;
Bioenergiklynge i Syddanmark, netværk- og innovationssamarbejde Kommercialisering og rammebetingelser ( 1.1 ) 3.1 Forskning og udvikling og 3.2 Bæredygtighed 4. SMV er: Kobling til delprojekt 1-8 eller igangsætning af projekter 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 BioPark Tønder Aabenraa Biogas KOMBIO/ Energiklynge FIONIA IBUS/ DONG Energy Skærbæk Sønderborg Mikro-kraft varme Markedsføring og netværk, herunder samarbejde med Land Schleswig- Holstein R & D kompetencer ( 3.1 & 3.2 ) 1. Forretningsudvikling og rammebetingelser 2
Source: IPCC Development in global mean temperature
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Scenarios for the global mean temperature
Changes in the water balance in the 2050 ties
Cultivation of non-food crops in Germany in 2006 Raw materials without energy premium Surface area in ha Base areas* crop with energy crop premium Set aside Rapeseed 610,000 172,000 318,000 1,100,000 Oilseed lin 3,000 3,000 Sunflower 4,000 1,000 5,000 Other energy crops(incl.maize) 30,000 188,000 77,000 295,000 Starch 128,000 128,000 Sugar 18,000 18,000 Fibres 2,000 2,000 Pharmaceutical crops 10,000 10,000 Total 805,000 360,000 396,000 1,561,000* *1,561,000 ha is 13.2% of the German arable land Total Source: Shusseler P. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.v. (FNR - Agency of Renewable Resources). Personal communication, 2006.
Source: European Commission 182 Mtoe can be achieved from biomass cultivated on 20% of arable land in EU-27. This corresponds to more than 10% of primary energy demand in 2020, equals 50-60% of the RES share.
Scenarium for mere bioenergi fra landbruget (i dag ca. 24 PJ) 80% af kornhalm 80% af rapshalm 75% af husdyrgødn. biogas Fiberfraktion afbrændes 100% rapsolie til energi 50% af brak energiafgrøder 15% af kornareal energiafg. 75% af græsareal på lavbund 40% af 3 arealer Total 27 PJ 4 PJ 20 PJ 3 PJ 5 PJ 9 PJ 43 PJ 5 PJ 5 PJ 121 PJ Areal 1000 ha 125 57 224 115 138 659 Kilde: Århus Universitet og Fødevareministeriet, jan. 2008 13
Scenario for the energy future in Denmark Energy unit: PJ 2007 2025 Biomass 101 200 Windpower 30 90 Solarpower ~0 -photovoltaic ~0 -passive ~0 Hydropower ~0 -Wave ~0 75-100 Geothermal ~0 Fossil fuels 650 200 Total consumption 800-850 600 Source; JBHN Centre for Bioenergy, AAUE/SDU, Esbjerg 2007
50% RES based on Wind and Bioenergy in the Region of Southern Denmark. This will be uptainable before 2025!
Biogas and biogas + separation, upgrading facilities Animal manure from farming problems to society resources! 16
Big biogas interests from the farming society New environmental demands nutrients and green house gasses Freshwater planning-, Habitat- and nitratdirective Water environmental actionplan-4 2011 Manure treatment before application? Metan release, N2O, Soil-Carbon sources? Needs/demands? Reduction of Odour Redistribution of Manure Reduction of surplus (N/P) Recovering and recyc. of P (resource) Optimal utilization of N (enviro., economy) Carbon source sustainability Joint Biogas Farm biogas New projects 99-08 17
Omfordelings- og behandlings-central for husdyrgødning Gylle, fiberfraktion, andre biomasser Omfordeling og fjernelse af overskud El, varme og transportbrændstof Vandmiljø, klima, lugt Tilbyde sig til at aftage fibre Afgiftsfri fiberforbrænding (afgassede) Handlingsplan for biogas og fiberforbrænding Biogas langsigtet løsning Tidsbegrænset forbrænding af rå fibre Udvidet anvendelse af biogas Lokalt og fjernere fra biogasanlæg Kraftvarme og transport Brancheforeningen for Biogas Biogasfællesanlæg Anlægsbehov (eks)
Hvor skal biogassen anvendes? Decentral kraftvarme Direkte transmission Billigst og mest simpel Lokal indpasning? Via naturgasnet? Mulighed for lagring Bedre varmeudnyttelse? Opgradering dyr Nedgradering af naturgas Transportbrændstof Mest effektive biobrændstof Brancheforeningen for Biogas
Energy crops - Paradigm shift through land productivity and energy balance; Crop productions needs large changes! The Sun as energy source Special energy crops that use the entire vegetation period Total digestion of the whole plant Nutrient cycle possible Low Input - High Output Fermenter Digested plant residue Large installations work efficiently and are friendly towards the environment Upgrading of biogas enables complete utilisation of the crop (the gas can be stored) Biorefineries;biothanol/biogas/ biodiesel and higher value products Source: KWS, D Biogas Gas cleaning Heat Electricity Fuel
Source: Report from the Danish working Group on the Co-existence of Genetically Modified Crops with Conventional and Organic Crops (DJF, 2003), 136.000 ha.
Source: KWS Harvest of energy maize
Source: T. Al Seadi, Department of Bioenergy, SDU, Denmark
Source: T. Al Seadi, Department of Bioenergy, SDU, Denmark
Source: T. Al Seadi, Department of Bioenergy, SDU, Denmark
Ribe Biogas; 15 years of production, 18.000 m3 biogas/day.. Source J. B. Holm-Nielsen, Bioenergy Dept., SDU, Denmark.
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Sugar beet production in Denmark - results outlined from the Agricultural advisory services, Danish Agricultural Council + LRC, Aarhus, DK National Agricultural field trials average 2005: 69,7 t beets/ha Sugar % 18,42 ave. Grown varieties 2005: 12.8 t sugar/ha Ethanol yield 8% ave. in trials 5.576 t ethanol/ha Land use requrements for 20.000 t ethanol 3.600 ha Sugar beets
Sønderborg Kommunes energipotentiale fra biomasse Fremtidens landbrug
Resultater Fremtidig biogasudnyttelse fra husdyrgødning og biomasse i Sønderborg Kommune ProjectZero Milestones: 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2025 2029 98.333 MWh 213.611 MWh 268.889 MWh Fremtidig biomasse fra Sønderborg Kommunes arealer p.t. primært afbrænding ProjectZero Milestones: 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2025 2029 519.157 MWh 577.222 MWh 583.889 MWh Præsentation - Biogas fra husdyrgødning - Arealanvendelse - Resultater 40
Præsentation - Biogas fra husdyrgødning - Arealanvendelse - Resultater 41
Arealændring fordelt på 4 hovedarealer 2012 [ha] 2021 [pct.] [ha] 2029 [pct.] [ha] [pct.] Skovarealer 3517,8 7,1 6156,2 12,4 7035,6 14,2 Naturarealer 1965,9 3,9 4423,3 8,9 5897,7 11,9 2635,2 5,4 2835,2 5,7 2935,2 5,9 41.538,1 49.657 83,6 100 36.242,3 49.657 73,0 100 33.788,5 49.657 68,0 100 Resterende arealer Landbrugsarealer Arealer i alt Præsentation - Biogas fra husdyrgødning - Arealanvendelse - Resultater 42
The Green Biorefinery From ideas, brainstorms, lab scale, scale up tests to full scale reality takes more than 10 years! Source: P. Kiel & J.B. Holm-Nielsen University of Southern Denmark 1994. Project for the Danish Board of Technology,