FROM HYBRID SPACES TO EXPERIENCING PHD STUDENT MKORN@CS.AU.DK HTTP://CS.AU.DK/~MKORN/ @MATSCH_O0 MT SH 1
SITUATED DELIBERATION Mobile location-based systems in the domain of participatory land use planning Topics have a central spatial reference Does being there add something new or different to the discussion? 2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMING physical spaces use, adapt, appropriate 8 augmented places digital spaces use, adapt, appropriate hybrid spaces 3
FRAMING / CONCEPTUAL MODEL Space is the physical 3-dimensional environment (the opportunity) Places are spaces invested with meaning and understandings that frame appropriate behavior (the social reality) Harrison & Dourish 1996 Hybrid spaces arise when virtual communities [..] migrate to physical spaces because of the use of mobile technologies as interfaces. de Souza e Silva 2006 4
RESEARCH QUESTIONS How do users make that link between physical and digital spaces? How is that link mediated by technology? How can we conceptualize augmented places? How are they perceived by users? 5
CASE 1: MOBILE DEMOCRACY 6
en borger falder over et skilt han er utilfreds med Kommentarer 17, stk. 14 De har ret! men hvorfor ikke opføre anstalten på søndermark hos mig? Den bruger jeg jo ikke alligevel.. Kommentarer 17, stk. 14 blablabla blablabla blablabla Alternativ løsning Søndermark En anden borger, der kender byggereglementet, ser den første borgers opslag på sin mobil Den tredje borger tilføjer en alternativ placering med begrundelse til mobil-demokrati Kommentarer 17, stk. 14 Alternativ løsning Søndermark en ansat hos kommunen ser de mange tilkendegivelser og kommentarer og tager sagen op med sine kolleger Ja, måske skulle man overveje en anden løsning AARHUS Persona 1: Claus Typical Features Fighting spirit, frustrated, social, strong sense for local surroundings, been living for a long time in the region. CASE 1: MOBILE DEMOCRACY About Claus ACCOUNTANT, 45 YEARS OF AGE Claus, lives in Stadil with his wife and a teenage son in a small community in Western Jutland. In his spare time he is highly involved with the local sports association as a treasurer, although he is really more passionate about badminton. He moved to Stadil 20 years ago after graduating from Aarhus School of Business, and knows everybody in the village by now. A few years ago he was deeply frustrated when he experienced some, in his opinion, injustices in the municipalities sports funding. He realized that if politicians are not made aware of his countryside of the municipality, they will pay less attention to it. As such, he sees it as his duty to keep them aware. It fits his personality; selfdetermined, and with a strong sense of justice. He is active in the local community organization, although it is not his main leisure activity. He sometimes volunteers in various community tasks, and takes pride in doing something for his village, and the things they achieve by working together as a community. Two or three times he has written letters to the local newspaper. Technical Skills and Media Consumption Subscribes to the local paper and reads it daily, along with watching the news on DR1. Uses the internet for various purposes, and uses Home Banking on his laptop. Owns a fairly new Mobile Phone. Det er bare ikke i orden! KLIK! han tilkendegiver sin utilfredshed -1 Kommunen han har har ret! et og problem.. det er pga. 17, stk. 14! Hvad skal vi Vi kan ikke gøre med al bare smide den her grus?! den ud! Planlæggeren markerer alle byggegrundende på et kort General Møller ser opslaget og får en idé.. Vi kunne godt bruge det grus i vores lejr! Han tilføjer relevante informationer En lokal entrepreneur ser nu opslaget.. til opslaget på mobil-demokrati -2-3 men Hanne har en anden idé.. Planlæggeren gennemser nu alle foreslagene..og arrangerer et offentligt møde for at diskutere de bedste foreslag Mange andre borgere ser opslaget og tilkendegiver deres enighed De har ret!! De tilføjer alle deres kommentarer og tilkendegivelser -79 Jeg kunne nu godt tænke mig at det blev brugt i den lokale park ----------------- --------- ------------ Bohøj, M.; Borchorst, N.G.; Bødker, S.; Korn, M. & Zander, P.-O. Public Deliberation in Municipal Planning: Supporting Action and Reflection with Mobile Technology. In Proc. of C&T 2011, June 29-July 2, Brisbane, Australia, 88-97. 7
CASE 1: MOBILE DEMOCRACY 8
CASE 1: QUESTIONS What is the distinct quality of a citizen being there, of being in place? How does it differ from being remote? How can we exploit this quality and design for it? 9
CASE 1: EXAMPLE AUGMENTED REALITY 10
CASE 1: EXAMPLE MOOD 11
CASE 2: MENING@PARK 12
CASE 2: MENING@PARK 13
CASE 2: MENING@PARK 14
CASE 2: MENING@PARK 15
CASE 2: QUESTIONS How can we facilitate citizens to make links between physical and digital spaces? How can a discussion topic be intimately tied to a place? Hvad er din mening om stedet? Hvad mener de andre? Nationalparkbesøgscenter i Kalø et Mening@Park diskussionsemne? How can people explore, find and access discussion topics that refer to physical spaces? How can the place be represented in each topic? Scan denne QR kode med din smartphone til at deltage i diskussionen. Brug f.eks. Google Goggles, Barcoder Scanner eller QR Droid fra Android Market. Kræver Mening@Park fra Android Market Et forskningsprojekt ved For yderligere information kontakt Matthias Korn (mkorn@cs.au.dk) 16
CASE 2: QUESTIONS How can we facilitate citizens to make links between physical and digital spaces? How can a discussion topic be intimately tied to a place? How can people explore, find and access discussion topics that refer to physical spaces? How can the place be represented in each topic? 17
CASE 3: USER STUDY ON FOURSQUARE 18
CASE 3: USER STUDY ON FOURSQUARE Two part study: I. Via text messages for in-the-moment realizations of experiences II. Deferred contextual interviews for more in-depth accounts 19
CASE 3: QUESTIONS How are augmented places perceived and experienced? There were also other [tips] and new images, so the perception of the place is changing in that it has good connection between the physical place and Foursquare. Do people think their actions on Foursquare have any kind of impact in the physical world or on other people? It does not change the physical environment, I think. Today, I'm late, so my group can see, I'm there in a minute if they want... How is the link between physical and digital spaces mediated by technology? I just got a workout badge with a small comment and they have written something funny about working out before. So I think that Foursquare manages it better than the [fitness] center does itself. 20
SUMMING UP Mobile Democracy physical spaces use, adapt, appropriate Mening@ Park 8 digital spaces use, adapt, appropriate augmented places Foursquare hybrid spaces 21
CONCLUSION Through mobile location-based services, physical spaces become increasingly expanded by digital spaces. Places are augmented due to the additional source of experiences emerging from the digital realm. Utopia: amplified experience & enhanced reflection leads to augmented action possibilities in deliberation Dystopia: disconnected and numb experience & lack of reflection leads to superficial deliberation 22
FROM HYBRID SPACES TO EXPERIENCING MKORN@CS.AU.DK HTTP://CS.AU.DK/~MKORN/ @MATSCH_O0 Thank You!
DISCUSSION What kind of quality does the digital realm add to our everyday experiences? What kind of quality does it add if technology facilitates direct linking to the physical realm? What does all this mean for citizen involvement and deliberation?
PHOTO ATTRIBUTIONS Slide 2 (bottom): SeeClickFix http://seeclickfix.com/ Slide 12: Nils Jepsen / CC-BY-SA-3.0, via Wikimedia Commons http://bit.ly/10ssvbk Slide 14: Ebelfestival http://ebelfestival.dk/ 25