Skibsteknisk Selskab Røggasemissioner fra skibsfart - før, nu og i fremtiden

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1 Skibsteknisk Selskab Røggasemissioner fra skibsfart - før, nu og i fremtiden Skibsfartens udfordring vedrørende CO 2 - hvad sker der i IMO? v/afdelingschef Hans Henrik Petersen Danmarks Rederiforening

2 Emissioner 1988 Montreal ODP Ozone Depleating Potential 1997 Kyoto GWP Global Warning Potential

3 Kyoto-protokollen til rammekonvention om klimaændringer (UNFCCC) - begrænsning i industrilandenes udledning af drivhusgasser - industrilande = Anne I lande i UNFCCC - drivhusgasser = CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, HFC, PFC og SF 6

4 Fly og skibe Kyoto-protokollens Artikel 2, paragraf 2 The parties included in Anne I shall pursue limitation or reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol from aviation and marine bunker fuels, working through the International Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization, respectively.

5 IMO Conference Resolution 8 CO 2 Emissions from Ships Assembly Resolution A.963(23) IMO Policies and Practices Related to the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships MEPC Circular 471 Interim Guidelines for Voluntary Ships CO 2 Indeing for Use in Trials

6 IMO Interim Guidelines 3.1 Inde definition In its most simple form the Carbon Dioide Transport Efficiency Inde is defined as the ratio of mass of CO 2 per unit of transport work: Inde = mco2 / (transport work)

7 IMO Interim Guidelines 3.2 Fuel consumption Fuel consumption, FC, is defined as all fuel consumed at sea and in port or for a period in question, e.g. a day, by main and auiliary engines including boilers and incinerators. 3.3 Distance sailed Distance sailed, means the actual distance sailed in nautical miles (deck logbook data) for the voyage or period in question.

8 IMO Interim Guidelines 3.4 Ship and cargo types The guidelines are applicable for all ships performing transport work Ships: 1. Bulk Tankers and bulk carriers 2. General cargo Container ships, reefers, general cargo, car carriers and specialized ships 3. Passenger Passenger ships, ro-ro passenger ships

9 IMO Interim Guidelines Cargo: 1. Bulk cargo All liquid and solid bulk cargo 2. General cargo General cargo which will include TEUs (including the return of empty units), break bulk, heavy lifts, frozen and chilled goods, timber and forest products, cargo carried on freight vehicles, cars and freight vehicles on ro-ro ferries 3. Passenger The number of passengers carried

10 IMO Interim Guidelines 3.5 Cargo Generally, cargo could be defined in terms of cargo mass For bulk and general cargo ships, the mass of transported cargo should be defined in metric tonnes (t) For ships carrying a combination of containers and other cargoes a TEU mass of 10 t should be applied for loaded TEUs and 2 t for empty TEUs

11 IMO Interim Guidelines For other types of ship, the following units could be applied: For bulk carriers and tankers: cubic metres (m3) For passenger vessels: number of passengers For car ferries and car carriers: number of car units or occupied lane metres For container ships: number of TEUs (empty or full) For railway and ro-ro vessels: number of railway cars and freight vehicles, or occupied lane metres

12 IMO Interim Guidelines

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15 IMO Interim Guidelines

16 IMO Interim Guidelines

17 IMO Work Plan Jul 07 Mar 08 Okt 08 Jul CO 2 Emission.1 Trials MEPC/Circ Improve indeing method 2. CO 2 Emission Baselines.1 Consider methodology.2 Evaluate methodology.3 Draft proposals.4 Eplore other types of baseline 3. Consider techn., operat. and market based methods for dealing with GHG emission

18 Skibsfartens udfordring Skibsfartens andel af globale CO 2 emission 1,8 %

19 Reduktioner procent under 1990 niveau Anne I landene 5 % EU 8 % Danmark 21 %

20 Development of the shaft efficiency of Wärtsila s best engines %

21 Udvikling - forbrug Fra Hans Otto Kristensens noter

22 Udvikling - forbrug ÅR TEU FART KW g/teu/km , g g g g g

23 Fremtidig indsats - IMO sikre internationale løsninger - Forbedre indeksering - Mulighed for kapacitetsforøgelse

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