KU Life visit to BioCover / Gamst Friday 28.09.2012 Morten Toft, owner and director
Reduction of odour and ammonia emission from slurry during application
SyreN Agenda About SyreN acidification Trials and results Band spreading replacement of injection. Environmental planning permission Nitrogen in addition to kvota limitation S fertilizer strategy Odur- and air particle reduction
News for Agromek 2012 SyreN ph rapport SyreN + SyreN SP SyreN FeMan
Chemical ph balance NH3 NH4+ ph value deciding NH3 or NH4+ (ammonia ammonium).
Chemical ph balance NH3 NH4+ ph level decides level of emission (ammoniak ammonium).
Suphur acid Enviromental sustainable H 2 SO 4 (sulphur acid) Hydrogen - Sulphur - oxygen = sustainable Water soluble = SO 4 (sulphur sulfate) + 2 x H+ (positive hydrogen ion lowers ph) Important processes when adding sulphur acid to slurry: NH 3 (ammonia) + H + = NH 4+ (ammonium) NH 3 = gas - may evaporate NH 4+ = salt - does not evaporate) NA + CHO 3 (bicarbonat) + H + = NA + + CO 2 + H 2 O (salt + carbon dioxide + water) (CO 2 = pressure = skum)
Reserch results: Scource: DJF, Tavs Nyord Cumulated ammoniaemission after application of cow slurry on grass, 15 June 2010 50% reduction in emission Time after application. days SyreN 1 Injection Band spreading SyreN 2 Infarm
Reserch results: Source: DJF: Tavs Nyord Time (days after application) Average ammonia emission from 4 ph levels from slurry
Useof N in the field Estimated increased use of nitrogen in field Nitrogen usein % Bio gassed slurry Swine slurry Cow slurry Kilde: Biocover A/S
ph values in slurry Average values for different types of slurry Dry matter Cow slurry Swine slurry Bio gassed slurry
Ammonia emission - quantification: Grass / cow slurry: Emission 18.8 % applikation in April 30 t/ha = app. 25 kg N more pr Ha = 175 FE yield pr Ha. Winter seed / swine slurry: Emission 12.9% applikation in April 24 t/ha = app. 10 kg N more pr. Ha = + 2 Hkg yield pr. Ha Emission factors: Application rate pr. Ha Amount of ammonia in slurry. ph value Wind speed Temperature Plant cover Soil moisture Normal variation: 5 to 50 kg pr. Ha Alfam model
Yield trails Danish Landsforsøg grass: ph app. 6.0 2 litter acid
Yield trails Danish Landsforsøg Wheat: Winter wheat 2010 Landsforsøg SyreN 2010 Place Yield increasehkg 07-010-1010-001 Vejen + 10.6 (+ 17.8 %) 07-010-1010-002 Vejen - 2.7 (- 3.6 %) 07-010-1010-003 Vejen + 4.1 (+ 6.3 %) ph app. 6.0 2 litter acid Total + 4.0 (+ 7.2 %) Winter wheat 2011 Landsforsøg SyreN 2011 Place Yield increase Hkg 07-010-1111-001 Vejen +10.1 (+ 15.2 %) 07-010-1111-002 Vejen + 9.6 (+ 15.0 %) 07-010-1111-003 Vrå + 0.2 (+ 0.2 %) 07-010-1111-004 Vrå + 0.3 (+ 0.4 %) Total + 5.05 (+ 7.7 %) Average 2010 /2011 Average 2010 / 2011 --- Yield increase Hkg Total + 4.5 (+ 7.45%)
Rape 25 m3 swine slurry + 5 liter acid Rape 25 m3 swine slurry
10 ton swine slurry pr. Ha SyreN treated 4 liter sulphuric acid pr. m3 10 ton swine slurry pr. Ha
Demonstration test
Demonstration test Afprøvninger: Vejledende! Syre doseret med SyreN i 0-2- 4-6 liter. Høst med forskellige udbyttemålere. Forskellige arealenheder
Demonstration test results: Wheat SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Gamst maskinstation Vejen 2 0.0 (+ 0.0 %) Vejen 4 16.0 ( + 26 %) Vejen 6 16.0 ( + 26 %) Total ved + 4 liter syre + 16.0 ( +26 %) Gødningsplan: Kg N Kg S 01.02 10 ton gylle + 2 l syre 25 11.4 10.02 40 ton gylle 54 (syre forsøg) 20.03 150 kg NS 20-9 30 13.5 14.06 52 kg NS 27-3 14 1.5 03.07 42 kg NS 27-3 11 1.3 134 kg 27.7 kg SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Thingstrup Vemb 2 9.1 ( + 12 %) Vemb 4 7.1 ( + 9.3 %) Vemb 6 4.0 ( + 6.5 %) Total ved + 2 liter syre + 9.1 ( + 12 %) SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Hald& Hansen Hørby 2 8.8 (+ 8.6 %) Hørby 4 6.2 ( + 6.0 %) Hørby 6 8.2 ( + 8.0 %) Total ved + 2 liter syre + 8.8 ( + 8.8 %)
Demonstration test results: Wheat SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Hulvadgaard Vejen 2 5,8 (+ 6.6 %) Total ved + 2 liter syre + 5.8 (+ 6.6 %) SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Birktoft Aabenrå 2 0.1 ( + 0.7 %) Aabenrå 4 0.0 ( + 0.0 %) Aabenrå 6 0.0 ( + 0.0 %) Total ved + 2 liter syre + 0.1 (+ 0.7 %)
Afprøvningsresultater: Raps SyreN 2012 Sted l syre pr. m3 Merudbytte Hkg kerne Gamstmaskinstation Gamst 2 7.0 ( + 23.1 %) Gamst 4 10.0 ( + 33.3 %) Gamst 6 11.0 ( + 36.6 %) Total ved + 6 liter syre + 11.0 (+ 36.6 %) Gødningsplan: Kg N Kg S 10.08 25 ton gylle + 2 l syre 42 28.5 10.02 40 ton gylle 54 20.03 198 kg NS 27-3 54 6.0 149 kg 34.5 kg
Demonstration test: Barley SyreN 2011 Sted Merudbytte Hkg kerne FL-Jord http://fljord.dk/resultatet-afsyren-udbragt-gylle/ Vejen + 9.0 (+ 14.5 %)
Landsforsøg + demonstration test: Wheat 11,50 Wheat yield 10,50 9,50 Ton/Ha 8,50 7,50 6,50 5,50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Liter syre Gamst maskinstation Hald og Hansen Thingstrup Birktoft Hulvadgaard 070101010-001 070101010-002 070101010-003 070101111-001 070101111-002 070101111-003 070101111-004
Landsforsøg + demonstration test: Wheat Wheat yield increase 1,75 1,50 1,25 1,00 Ton/Ha 0,75 0,50 0,25 0,00-0,25-0,50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Liter syre Gamst maskinstation Hald og Hansen Thingstrup Birktoft Hulvadgaard 070101010-001 070101010-002 070101010-003 070101111-001 070101111-002 070101111-003 070101111-004
Landsforsøg + demonstration test: Wheat 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 Average yield increase Wheat Ton/Ha 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 Gennemsnit 0,00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Liter syre 68% sikkerhed noter til gyllens dag 2012 min gennemsnit max 2L 0,32 0,46 0,60 4L 0,39 0,72 1,05 6L 0,38 0,69 1,00 95% sikkerhed noter til gyllens dag 2012 min gennemsnit max 2L -0,03 0,46 0,95 4L 0,07 0,72 1,38 6L 0,08 0,69 1,31
Demonstration test results: Rape 4,50 Rape yield 4,00 Ton/Ha 3,50 3,00 Raps 1 2,50 0 2 4 6 8 Liter Syre/Ton Rape yield increase 1,20 1,00 Ton/Ha 0,80 0,60 0,40 Raps 1 0,20 0,00 0 2 4 6 8 Liter Syre/Ton
Demonstration test results: Barley Barley yield Ton/Ha Ton/Ha 7,50 7,00 6,50 6,00 5,50 5,00 4,50 4,00 3,50 3,00 2,50 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 0 1 2 3 4 Liter syre/ton Barley yield increase 0 1 2 3 4 Liter syre/ton FL Jord FL Jord
Yield increase dilemma explanation: Hypothesis to explain results: Poor utilisation of conventional slurry Acidification Accelerates decomposition of organic fixed N ph varriation in rootzone releases fixed nutrients from soil Increased amount of ammonium nitrogen and sulfate accelerates plant uptake of nutrients Eliminating ammonia in slurry creates a more microclimate friendly slurry appliction and accelerate decomposition of organic fixed nutrients Sulphur norm generally to low Foaming of slurry increases slurry volume and nutrients in slurry is spread on larger area Acidification has preventive effect on manganese deficiency
Acidification in Denmark: Number of units m3 slurry Stable acidification: Infarm 100 systemer 780.000 m3 Hyldegaard staldservice 12 systemer 94.000 m3 Tank acidification: Harsø 30 systemer 1.007.000 m3 Ørum 7 systemer 250.000 m3 Field acidification: BioCover 56 systemer 1.300.000 m3 Total amount 3.400.000 m3 % of DK slurry(30 mill.) app. 11 %
Environmental planing permission
Traffic dammage Grass Source: DJF Ole Green 5%
Grass injection vs. acidification Advantage bandspreader Advantage injection Wider working with: 50 66% reduction in traffic damage from slurry tanker in grassfields 100% reduction in injection tool damage in grassfield 24-30m workwith app 25% increased capacity for slurry applicaiton Dependable and good ecconomy Unchanged need for powerconsumption / diesel use Less structual damage caused by heavy traffic Improved weight distribution between tractor slurry tanker No risque of drought damage from dry root No wear parts in contact with soil --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- No risque with handeling of acid Reduction in risque of transport of slurry drymatter back to stable
Estimated return on investment Price wheat: SyreN system: 190 kr. 550.000 kr. / 330.000 kr. Income pr Ha 4.5 hkg x 190 kr. = SyreN system cost pr. m3 / Ha 30 ton x 4 kr. = Acid 2.25 kr. x 2 liter x 30 = Net profit pr. Ha 855 kr. / Ha 120 kr. 135 kr. / Ha 600 kr. / Ha Number Ha required normal: 550.000 kr. : 600 kr. = 915 Ha with subsidy 330.000 kr. : 600 kr. = 550 Ha Average system 2012 30.000 l syre v. 2 litter / 30 ton / Ha = 500 Ha Best system 140.000 m3 / 4.500 Ha
Economy: Example swine farm Assumptions : Jens Peter Pors Eriksen Hulvadgaard, 6600 Vejen property with 400 Ha and 6000 m3 swine slurry Ammonia contens of 3.5 kg N pr. m3 400 Ha winter wheat with 20 ton slurry pr. Ha Expences: Acid: 6000 x 1.5 liter x 0.33 Euro = Application: 0.5 Euro x 6000 m3-2.970 Euro - 3.000 Euro - 5.970 Euro Income: Yield increase winter wheat 6.6% / 5.8 Hkg + 5.8 Hkg pr. Ha = 5.8 x 25 Euro = 145 x 400 Ha 58.000 Euro Sulphur fertilizer 15 kg x 400 Ha x 0.5 Euro = 3.000 Euro 61.000 Euro Net income 55.000 Euro
Fertilization with sulphuric acid Sulphuric acid as S fertilizer: S-need, kg pr. ha Typical slurry use, ton pr. ha Needed kg S pr. ton Liter H 2 SO 4 pr. ton slurry Winter wheat, clay soil 15 30 0,5 0.9 Spring barely, sandy soil 10 30 0,3 0.6 Winter rape, clay soil 35 30 1,2 2.1 Grass, irrigated sand soil 30 40 0,8 1.3 (Torkild Birkemose - Landskontoret) 570 g sulphur pr liter S covers need for sulphur in all crops with doserates from 0.6 to 2.1 liter pr. m3 slurry. One pass fertilizer with slurry for mais. Replaces sulphuric ammonia (NS) for rape.
Reduction of odour Emission of odour during application of slurry depends on: Slurry type (animal, feeding, water use, storage ) Slurry treatment (acidification, biogas, de-nitrification ) Dissolvement of individual odurcomponents in slurry (ph, ionstrength, temperature ) Surface area (application technique) Wind speed / direction Link til lugtreduktion
Reduction of odour Reduction with use of iron sulfate Adding sulphuric acid => H + + NH3 ammonia transform to ammonium NH4+ = no odour Adding iron sulfate causes hydrogen sulphide to react => => H 2 S + FeSo 4 = FeS + H 2 So4 = no odour Changes the dominance of different odour components = changed odour
Economy: Exampleodourreduktion Odourreductionby ½ liter pr. m3 Expences: Iron sulfate: 20 m3 slurry/ha x 0.500 liter x 0.30 Euro = Application: 0.15 Euro Pr. m3 x 20 m3 Net expence pr. Ha - 3 Euro / Ha - 3 Euro / Ha - 6 Euro / Ha Odourreductionby ved 1 liter pr. m3 Expences: Iron sulfate: 20 m3 gylle/ha x 1 liter x 0.30 Euro = Application : 0.15 1 Euro Pr. m3 x 20 m3 Net expence pr. Ha - 6 Euro / Ha - 3 Euro / Ha - 9 Euro / Ha
Particleairpolution(smog) Emission factors Contributioni % to the total health related external cost from danish emissions Contribution to Europe Contribution in Denmark Central powerstations 10.3 % 5.7 % Household heating incl. fireplaces 9.3 % 16.3 % Decentral powerstations in combination with industrial production 5.3 % 4.3 % Production processes such as cement, paper, metal. 1.9 % 3.1 % Extraction and distribution of fossile fuels 1.7 % 2.3 % Use of organic soulables such as in paint. 2.6 % 2.5 % Road traffic 17.6 % 19.3 % The contribution from agriculture is caused by emissions of ammonia (NH3) which is converted to particles in the atmosphere (ammoniumsulfate and ammoniumnitrate) Other mobile sources (tractors, lawnmowers etc.) 7.9 % 7.2 % Waste management and burning 0.6 % 0.1 % Agriculture 42.8 % 39.4 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 %
Acidification i slurry tank: ph value variable acording to slurry type and time. Dose rate 5 liter pr. m3 Cow slurry Swine slurry Biogas slurry Biogas seperated slurry Chemically seperated slurry Time / minutes app. 7 days
SyreN system Fronttank with sulphuric acid, iron sulphate and water. Tractor with computer control Slurry tanker with acid injection
SyreN system Tank for rinsing water IBC tank for Sulphuric acid Tank for addetives Coupler for IBC tank
SyreN system Pump for sulphuric acid Proportional valveil Hydraulik oil motor Locker for Electrics and Electronics and saefty equipment Leavel sensor for rinsing water Level indicator for addetive Level indicator for rinsing water
SyreN system GSM / GPS mobil fleet control modul Tri-Sure dry coupling handle Integrated worklight ISO-bus controled Collision secured IBC tank frame Gaspressure cylindre for opening of cage Filling stub for addetive Test with 11 km/t - 56 ton load against tree
SyreN system Flow sensor
SyreN system ph sensor ph sensor box Contractor machine ph values and used acid
SyreN system ISObus terminal Dry couplers for detachment
SyreN system Data collection Data on-line: Position of slurry tanker Data log-file on server: Fleet management system Customer field Start Time and date Slurry type Reguation type (PH-control or sulphur acid as fertilizer) Requiered ph (only with ph control) Requiered liter sulphur acid pr. m3 (only with sulphur acid as fertilizer) Job nuber Position ph value for slurry in tank ph value for applied slurry Used time on job Used time on job application time Amount of slurry applied Amount of sulphur acid used on job Amount of slurry applied - system Amount of sluphur acid - system Tank contend of sulphur acid Amount of addetive on job Amount of addetive - system Tank contend of addetive
Http:\\SyreN.trackunit.com
SyreN system SyreN ph rapport http://biocover.trackunit.com
+ Precise dosage of N, P, K, S and trace elements Individual NPKS formula field / crop one pass fertilizing with slurry
SyreN system SyreN + One passfertilizingwith ammonia injection to slurry: Variable ammonia and slurry tank size with prototype of 2300 l ammonia pressure tank with 1200 kg 83% = 1000 kg N Volume: 2.5 m3 Pressure tank Detachable for inspection Easy acces for refill Conversion to conventional slurry tanker possible Even dosage through injection during recirculation of slurry Manual activated operator controled Survaliance and documentation through SyreN ISOBUS system
SyreN system SyreN + One passfertilizingwith ammoniainjectionto slurry: Ammonium fertilizer instead of nitrate Flexible dosage rate no fixed formular Simple and easy controlled individual NPKS formular pr. field / crop Nutrients dissolved i large amount of fluid and with ideal plant fertilizer formular results in quick absorbtion by plant roots Cost reduction on fertilizer purchase Reduction in field traffic NS fertilizer in combination with acidification Band spreading or injection Sustainable environmental profile in combination with acidification
SyreN system SP acid Phosphoricacid-H 3 PO 4 Acidification effect with fertilizing with phosphor Fertilizing with P or a combination of P and S Flexible dosage rates May replace start fertilizer for mais in combination with placement of slurry with RTK GPS
SyreN system Syre FeMaN Preventive fertilizing against manganese deficeincy Manganese placed direct at plant root Root absorbtion not possible through sprayer application Quick responce Odor reduction from slurry 1 liter pr. m3 2 kg pr. ha.
5 strategiesfor useof SyreN Bandspreading replacement of injection Avoid traffic- and injection damage in grass fields 24-30m working with increased capacity for slurry application Good ecconomy 100 Euro more net pr. Ha in comparison with injection Addition to existing technology Unchanged need for power / diesel use Less structual damage as a result of less heavy traffic on fields Environmental planning permission Contribution to- or direct cause for environmental planning permission Serious environmental bennefits by reduction in eutrofication of waterways, lakes, moors, fjords etc. Ideal system for farmers and public as a result of automatic generation of neded documentation for reduction in emission and environmental sustainability
5 strategiesfor useof SyreN Nitrogen in addition to kvota limitation Ammonia emission reduction from 5 to 50 kg extra N pr. Ha Slurry can be applied without considerrations to weather- or climatic influence on emission S Fertilizer strategy Need for sulphur covered with all crops Slurry as one pass fertiliser for mais Replacement of NS fertilizers Reduction in traffic on field Odur reduction Odur reduction by injection of iron sulfate Reduction of fine particle air pollution Good neighbour strategy
Anvendelse status SyreN+ = Fleksibel dosering af NPKS med gylle som medie Forsuring medfører ekstra N tilførsel Bedre udnyttelse af N - Fra 5 til 50 kg ekstra N pr. Ha Gylle kan udbringes uden hensyntagen til klima eller vejrforholds indflydelse på emission. S gødskningsstrategi Dækker behov for svovl i alle afgrøder Mere fleksibelt valg af gødningstyper - kan erstatte NS granulat Reduktion i overkørsel af mark P gødskningsstrategi Tilskud af fosfor til alle afgrøder Forsuringseffekt ved gødskning med fosfor Mere fleksibelt valg af gødningstyper - kan erstatte startgødning til majs
Anvendelse status N gødskningsstrategi Tilskud af ammonium kvælstof i alle afgrøder NS gødskning Ammonium kvælstof i stedet for nitrat Mere fleksibelt valg af gødningstyper - kan erstatte NS granulat Reduktion i overkørsel af mark Reduktion i pris på gødning Hurtigt virkende Særdeles præcis placering Slæbeslangeudlægning i stedet for nedfældning Undgår køre- og nedfældningsskader i græsmark 24-30m arbejdsbredde - øget kapacitet til gylleudbringning God driftsøkonomi 650 kr. mere i dækningsbidrag pr. Ha. i forhold til nedfældning Tilføjelse til eksisterende teknologi. Uændret behov for trækkraft / dieselforbrug. Mindre strukturskade som følge af reduktion af tung trafik på markerne Bedre vægtfordeling mellem traktor-gyllevogn.
Anvendelse status Sporstoffer Mangan, Bor, Selen, jern Sporstoffer kan tilsættes individuelt eller i kombination Reduktion i eutrofiering Reduceret ammoniak emission - Fra 5 til 50 kg N pr. Ha Gylle kan udbringes uden hensyntagen til klima eller vejrforholds indflydelse på emission. Reduktion i partikelforurening Forhindre ammoniak i dannelse af partikelforurening Reduktion af Lugt Lugtreduktion ved tilsætning af jernsulfat Dokumentationsstrategi Enkel opsamling af data til dokumentation for miljøeffekt Miljøgodkendelse Medvirkende eller direkte årsag til miljøgodkendelse
SyreN system Customers and dealers BioCover dealers