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:.33-28 5..(1380)..9-1, 195..(1387 )...(1386)..491-517. :...(1381). -. :. :..(1370 )., -,..713-710..(1387).. :...(1377).... -.«( )».(1387)..22-17...(1385)...(1388).. :.. :.(1379).».(1385). -. 24-1.«. :...(1382)..1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13 : ١٤. Bickerstaff, K. & Others.(٢٠٠٢). Transport Planning and Participation: the rhetoric and realities of Public involvement. Journal of Transport Geography, volume ١٠, ٦١-٧٣ ١٥. Branch.K.M. (٢٠١٠). Participative Management and Employee and Stakeholder Involvement. Academic Leadership Journal. ١٦. Checkoway.B.(٢٠١٠). What is youth participation?.children and Youth Services Review. ١٧. Flouris, T & Dostaler, I. (٢٠٠٧). Strategic Management as a Key to Educating the New Aviation Professional. International Journal of Professional, Volume١,Issue ١, PP ١-١٣ ١٨. McEwan. CheryI,(٢٠٠٥). New spaces of citizenship? Rethinking gendered participation and empowerment in South Africa. Political Geography ٢٤, ٩٦٩-٩٩١ ١٩. O'Faircheallaigh. Ciaran. (٢٠١٠). Public participation and environmental impact assessment: Purposes, implications and lessons for public policy making.environmental Impact Assessment Review ٣٠, ١٩-٢٧ ٢٠. Olsen, J.E & Haslett.T. (٢٠٠٢). Strategic Management in Action. Systemic Practice and Action Research, Vol ١٥, No ٦, pp ٤٤٩-٤٦٤. ٢١. Steinthorsson.S.R & Soderholm. A. (٢٠٠٢). Strategic management as multi- contextual sensemaking in intermediate organizations. Scandinavian Journal of Management,١٨,٢٣٣-٢٤٨