1 Anvendelse af biobrændstoffer i tunge køretøjer Scania Experience 2011
CO2-mærkning af forbrugsprodukter
3 Fra én energikilde, olie til mange energikilder
4 Source: GM MTZ Biofuels Conference Hamburg Nov. 2007
Renewable fuel alternatives Ethanol Biodiesel Biogas Synthetic diesel Methanol DME Hydrogen Production capacity + - -???? Local Emissions +? + +? + + CO 2 /GHG reduction + + +? +? - In vehicle + + - + -? - Handling + + - + -? - Transport Cost - + -???? Commercially available Yes Yes Yes No No No No
Ethanol Biodiesel Biogas 9 l dieselmotor 270 hk (1200 Nm) Euro 5 og EEV Kører på ED95 (ethanol med 5% tændforbedringsadditiv) Alle Scania Euro 5 og EEV motorer godkendt til drift med op til 100% biodiesel Brændstof skal opfylde Europæisk standard EN14214 og EN590 Gas-motor (Ottomotor) 270 hk, 310 hk Kan køre på biogas eller naturgas (fossilgas, CNG) Scania tilbyder komplet løsning med komposit-tank system
Fuel tanks volume & layout 640 Liter compressed gas at 200 bar 8 tanks at 80 liter each 4 tanks on both side of the frame Composite tank (414 kg lighter than steel gas-tank solution) 640 litres CNG = 110 litres diesel 140 to 300 Km 7 KTS \ Pierre Bousquet 2010-02-20
Introduction of Biogas The history AB Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (SL) Contract between SL and Stockholm Water, cooperation (2003) 21 biogas buses introduced inner city traffic (2004) Initial technical issues resolved Step-wise introduction, Inner city first Contract with Käppalaförbundet (2007) Contract with Stockholm Gas (2009) Fuelling equipment at several bus depots Now 230 biogas buses
December 2011 115 biogas buses (Söderhallen) 20 biogas buses (Lidingö) 27 biogas buses (Frihamnen) 34 biogas buses (Björknäs) 33 biogas buses (Gubbängen) > 5 miljon Nm3 biogas (Henriksdal) ca 3 miljon Nm3 biogas (Käppala) ca 1 miljon Nm3 natural gas December (Skarpnäck biogas plant 2011 delayed!) Biogas buses Production unit Gas pipeline
12 partners around the Baltic Sea SL, Stockholm Public Transport, Sweden Biogas East, Energy Agency Malardalen Ruter, Public Transport for Oslo and Akershus, Norway HOG Energy, the fuel interest organisation for Bergen region Hordaland County Council, Skyss VTT Technical Research Centre, Finland Tartu city, Estonia Riga City, Latvia Buses of Kaunas city, Kauno Autobusai, Lithuania MTI, Motor Transport Institute, Poland ATI erc Education, Research and Furtherance of Cooperations, Germany ITC Innovations and Trendcenter www.balticbiogasbus.eu 10
Ethanol buses in Stockholm since 1989
SL today: the worlds biggest ethanol fleet Renewable fuel with a large volume potential All buses within Stockholm city are fuelled with ethanol or biogas SL experience since 1989 Present number: ca 780 ethanol buses 50% based on waste from Swedish paper pulp production 50% from sugar cane production in Brazil
Economics, Inner-City Bus-traffic Cost comparison per km april-08 Cost SEK/Km Diesel Biogas Ethanol Fuel consumption 0,63 0,92 1,20 Fuel cost 6,65 6,13 7,44 Bus investment 3,75 3,88 3,59 Distribution 0,02 0,75 0,06 Service 0,77 1,32 1,05 SEK/km 11,19 12,08 12,14 % --- +8 % +8 %
Economics, Inner-City Bus-traffic Cost comparison per km april-08 Cost SEK/Km Diesel Biogas Ethanol Fuel consumption 0,63 0,92 1,20 Fuel cost 6,65 6,13 7,44 Bus investment 3,75 3,88 3,59 Distribution 0,02 0,75 0,06 Service 0,77 1,32 1,05 SEK/km 11,19 12,08 12,14 % --- +8 % +8 %
Økonomi, dagrenovation v. 20.000 km/år (Feb. 2012) Diesel RME biodiesel Biogas Etanol (ED95) Ekstra kapitalomk. Ingen +300.000 anskaffelse = +48.996/år +47.500 anskaffelse = +7.758/år Ekstra vedligeholdelse Brændstof 2 km/l v. 8,01 kr/l = 80.100/år Specielle brændstoffiltre +2.400/år 1,9 km/l v. 10,97 kr/l = 115.474/år = +35.374 ift diesel Tændrørskift m.v. +12.360/år 1,7 km/kg v. 9,93 kr/m3 = 118.922/år = +38.822 ift diesel Olieskift + dyser +18.967/år 1,3 km/l v. 10,7 kr/l = 164.615/år = +84.515 ift diesel Samlet meromkostning Udgangspunkt +37.774 kr/år +100.178 kr/år +111.240 kr/år CO2- reduktion 27 ton/år Minus 62-70% Minus 73% Minus 71%
Total vehicle cost 25.000 DKK/md RME add. cost 37.774/12 = 3148 DKK/md = +11% Veh. cost = 1/3 of total garbage collection cost Increased cost for consumer = 11%/3 = 4% Powered by RME bio-fuel with 62% CO2 reduction. Your cost = +4% = +5 DKK/month Dagrenovation 20.000 km/år
København Kommune 2012 initiativ Opstart 4 vasketøjslastbiler, 20.000 km/år og ca. 1 kr ekstra pr. km Yderligere 16 lastbiler ventes tilføjet Desuden ca. 25 varebiler RME biodiesel (100%) Tankanlæg på Strømmen 1, Valby
København Kommune 2012 initiativ 4 stk biogasdrevne renovationsbiler Projekt koordineret af Økologisk Råd
Induktionsfremdrift
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Emissionsværdier, Scania motorer Emission CO (g/kwh) HC (g/kwh) NOX (g/kwh) Partikler (g/kwh) ESC European Stationary Cycle Partikler (g/kwh) ETC European Transient Cycle Røgtal m-1 Euro 5 grænseværdi 1,5 0,46 2,0 0,02 0,03 0,5 - CO2 EEV* grænseværdi 1,5 0,25 2,0 0,02 0,02 0,15 - Scania 280 hk Euro 5 Diesel(DC938) 0,0 0,1 1,8 0,01 0,03 0,12 - Scania 270 hk EEV Ethanol ( DC9 E 02) Scania 280 hk Euro 5 Diesel(DC938) RME-brændstof (Beregnede data) 0,0 0,06 1,8 0,01 0,01 0,04 REDUKTION- Netto = 71% 0,0 0,033 1,98 0,01 0,02 - REDUKTION- Netto = 63% (Potentiale for yderligere reduktion)
Emissions Your date here 22 EPA, US Info class Internal