cfos/ g]kfn /fhkqdf k sflzt ldlt ;fnsf] P]g g+=

Transkript

1 cfos/ g]kfn /fhkqdf k sflzt ;+zf]wgm ;fnsf] P]g cfos/ ;DaGwL sfg"gnfo{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ ag]sf] P]g k :tfjgfm d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu /fh:j ;+sng ug]{ k lqmofnfo{ k efjsf/l agfo{ /fh:j kl/rfngnfo{ clej[l4 ug{ cfos/ ;DaGwL sfg"gnfo{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f u/l ;dofg's"n jgfpg jf~5glo epsf]n], >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb jl/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] klxnf] jif{df ;+;bn] of] P]g agfpsf] 5. kl/r5]b! k f/ldes!= ;+lifkt gfd, lj:tf/ / k f/de M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd Æcfos/ /x]sf] 5. -@_ of] P]g g]kfn e/ nfu" x'g]5 / g]kfn aflx/ hxff;'s} a;]sf] ep klg afl;gbf JolQmnfO{ ;d]t nfu" x'g]5. -#_ of] P]g t'?gt k f/de kl/efiff M ljifo jf k ;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf, -s_ æclu d s/ s L ug]{ JolQmÆ eggfn] /f]huf/l, nufgl k ltkmn, ;]jf z'ns tyf 7]Ssf jf s/f/ ;d]tsf] e'qmfgl ubf{ kl/r5]b!& adf]lhd clu d s/ s L ug]{ st{jo epsf] JolQm ;D g' k5{. -v_ æclws[tæ eggfn] laefudf /xg] bkmf &@ df pnn]v ep adf]lhdsf dxflgb]{zs, pk dxflgb]{zs, k d'v s/ k zf;s, lgb]{zs, k d'v s/ clws[t, s/ clws[t tyf cgo clws[tnfo{ ;D g' k5{. cfly{s cg'?k ldnfo{psf]. 1

2 -u_ æclgtd?kdf s/ s L x'g] e'qmfglæ eggfn] bkmf (@ df pnn]v ep adf]lhd nfef+z, ef8f, nfe, Aofh tyf u}/ afl;gbf JolQmnfO{ ul/psf] s/ s L x'g' kg]{ e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{. -3_ æcjsfz sf]ifæ eggfn] lgsfosf] lxtflwsf/l k fs[lts JolQm jf lghsf] cfl>tnfo{ sf]ifaf6 cjsfz e'qmfgl k bfg ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu cjsfz of]ubfg /sd :jlsf/ ug]{ / ;f] /sd nufgl ug]{ p2]zon] dfq :yfkgf epsf] lgsfo ;D g' k5{. -ª_ æcjsfz e'qmfglæ eggfn] b]xfosf JolQmnfO{ lbog] e'qmfgl ;D g'k5{ M -!_ k fs[lts JolQmn] cjsfz lnpsf] cj:yfdf lghnfo{ lbog] e'qmfgl, jf -@_ k fs[lts JolQmsf] d[to' epsf] cj:yfdf lghsf] cfl>tnfo{ lbog] e'qmfgl. -r_ æcjsfz of]ubfg /sdæ eggfn] cjsfz e'qmfglsf] Joj:yf jf ;f]sf] eljiodf ul/g] Joj:yfsf] nflu cjsfz sf]ifdf ul/psf] e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{. -5_ æc;ifd JolQmÆ eggfn] zf/ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0fn] cfçgf] Jojxf/ ug{ ;Ifd gepsf] JolQm ;D g' k5{. -h_ æcfoæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmn] /f]huf/l, Joj;fo, nufgl jf cfsl:ds nfeaf6 k fkt u/]sf] cfo / o; P]g adf]lhd u0fgf ul/psf] ;f] cfosf] s'n /sd ;Demg' k5{. -h!_ æcfsl:ds nfeæ eggfn] lr f, pkxf/, k'/:sf/, als;;, lhtf}/l tyf cgo s'g} klg cfsl:ds?kdf k fkt x'g] nfe ;Demg' k5{.æ - _ æcfo jif{æ eggfn] s'g} ;fnsf] >fj0f Ps ut]b]lv csf]{ ;fnsf] cfiff9 d;fgt ;Ddsf] cjlw ;D g' k5{. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. cfly{s 4f/f yk. 2

3 -`_ æpkxf/æ eggfn] s'g} k ltkmn ljgfsf] e'qmfgl jf k ltkmn ;lxtsf] e'qmfgl epdf k ltkmnsf] ahf/ d"no egbf e'qmfglsf] ahf/ d"no a9l epdf a9l epsf] xb;ddsf] e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{. -6_ æc0f bflotjæ eggfn] C0f bfjl ;/xsf] bflotj ;D g' k5{. -7_ æc0f bfjlæ eggfn] s'g} Ps JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmaf6 e'qmfgl k fkt ug]{ clwsf/ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] s'g} Ps JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmnfO{ lbpsf] /sd lkmtf{ lng] clwsf/, a}+s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfx?df hddf epsf] lgif]k, lng' kg]{ /sd, C0fkq, ljlgdokq, j08, jflif{s j[lq cgtu{tsf] clwsf/, ljqlo k6[f / ls:tfagbl ljqmlaf6 /sd k fkt ug]{ clwsf/ ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -8_ æsdkglæ eggfn] k rlnt sdkgl sfg"g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sdkgl ;D g' k5{ / s/ k of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf ;+:yfx? ;d]tnfo{ sdkgl ;/x Jojxf/ ul/g]5 M -!_ k rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt ;+ul7t ;+:yf, -@_ s'g} c;+ul7t ;+3, ;ldlt, ;+:yf jf ;dfh jf btf{ ul/psf jf gul/psf Psnf}6L kmd{ / ;f ]bf/l afx]ssf] JolQmx?sf] ;d"x jf 6«i6, -#_ al; jf ;f]egbf a9l ;f ]bf/x? eo{ k rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ep jf gepsf] ;f ]bf/l kmd{, cjsfz sf]if, ;xsf/l ;+:yf, o'lg6 6«i6, ;+o'qm pbd, -$_ ljb]zl sdkgl, -%_ dxflgb]{zsn] tf]s]sf] cgo s'g} ljb]zl ;+:yf. -9_ æs/æ eggfn] o; P]g adf]lhd nfug] s/ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf e'qmfglnfo{ ;d]t hgfpf5 M -!_ s/ asof}tf /x]sf] JolQmsf] ;DklQsf ;DaGwdf bfjl / lnnfd laqml afkt laefun] u/]sf bkmf!)$ sf] pkbkmf - *_ sf] v08 -s_ df plnnlvt vr{x?, -@_ clu d s/ s6\6l ug]{ JolQm jf s/ s6\6l x'g] JolQmn] bkmf () adf]lhd j'emfpg' kg]{ /sd jf ls:tfjgbldf bflvnf ug]{ 3

4 JolQmn] bkmf ($ jdf]lhd j'emfpg' kg]{ /sd jf clu d s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] bkmf (%s= jdf]lhd a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd jf bkmf ((,!)),!)! adf]lhd s/ lgwf{/0f ep cg';f/ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd, -#_ bkmf!)& sf] pkbkmf -@_, bkmf!)* sf] pkbkmf -#_ jf - $_, bkmf!)( sf] pkbkmf -!_ / bkmf!!) sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd t]; f] kifsf] s/ bflotjsf] ;DaGwdf ljefunfo{ a' fpg' kg]{] /sd, -$_ z'ns tyf Aofh afkt a' fpg' kg]{ adf]lhdsf] /sd, / -%_ laefun] cfb]z lbp adf]lhd bflvnf ug{' kg]{ bkmf!@( adf]lhdsf] hl/jfgf /sd. -0f_ æs/ s L x'g] JolQmÆ eggfn] /f]huf/l, nufgl k ltkmn, ;]jf z'ns tyf 7]Ssf jf s/f/ ;d]tsf] e'qmfgl ubf{ kl/r5]b!& adf]lhd s/ s L u/l e'qmfgl k fkt ug]{ jf e'qmfgl k fkt ug]{ clwsf/ epsf] JolQm ;D g' k5{. -t_ æs/ lgwf{/0fæ eggfn] o; P]g adf]lhd ul/g] s/ lgwf{/0f ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] bkmf!@@ adf]lhd ul/psf] z'ns tyf Aofhsf] lgwf{/0f ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. t/ o; zabn] bkmf!)! adf]lhd ;+zf]lwt s/ lgwf{/0fn] k lt:yfkg u/]sf] ;flassf] s/ lgwf{/0fnfo{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -t!_ æsf/f]af/æ eggfn] s'g} cfojif{sf] /f]huf/l, nufgl jf Joj;fosf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu bkmf &, * jf ( adf]lhd ;dfj]z ul/g] hddf /sd a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ ;Demg' k5{. -y_ æu}/ afl;gbf JolQmÆ eggfn] afl;gbf JolQm afx]ssf] JolQm ;D g'k5{. -b_ æu}/ Jofj;flos s/of]uo ;DklQÆ eggfn] b]xfosf ;DklQ afx]ssf huuf, ejg tyf s'g} lgsfodf /x]sf] lxt jf ;'/If0f ;Demg' k5{ M cfly{s 4f/f yk. 4

5 -!_ Jofj;flos ;DklQ, x f;of]uo ;DklQ jf Jofkfl/s df}hbft, -@_ s'g} k fs[lts JolQmsf] lgdg cj:yfsf] lghl ejg, -s_ cljlr5gg bz jif{ jf ;f]egbf a9l cjlw :jfldtjdf /x]sf] / -v_ ;f] JolQmn] cljlr5gg jf k6s k6s u/l s'n bz jif{ jf ;f]egbf a9l a;f]af; u/]sf], -#_ s'g} lxtflwsf/lsf] cjsfz sf]ifdf /x]sf] lxt, -$_ s'g} k fs[lts JolQmsf] tl; nfv?k}of egbf sd d"nodf lg;u{ u/]sf] huuf, 3/hUuf tyf lghl ejg, jf :ki6ls/0fm o; pkv08sf] k of]hgsf] nflu ælghl ejgæ eggfn] ejg / ejgn] rr]{sf] If]qkmn a/fa/sf] huuf jf Ps /f]kgl huuf dwo] h'g 36L x'g5 ;f] nfo{ a'emfpg]5. -%_ tlg k':tfleq epsf] vl/b, laqml jfx]s cgo lsl;dn] x:tfgt/0f u/l lg;u{ u/]sf] ;DklQ. -w_ æ5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfæ eggfn] b]xfosf lgsfo ;Demg' k5{ M -!_ s/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfsf]?kdf ljefudf btf{ epsf b]xfo adf]lhdsf lgsfo M -s_ gfkmf gsdfpg] p2]zon] :yfkgf epsf ;fj{hlgs k s[ltsf ;fdflhs, wfld{s, z}lifs jf k/f]ksf/l ;+:yf, -v_ ;fdflhs jf v]ns"b ;DaGwL ;'ljwf k j4{g ug]{ p2]zon] ;f] ;+:yf jf To;sf ;b:ox n] nfe glng] u/l u7g epsf] cjoj;fol -Pd]Rof]/_ v]ns"b ;+:yf, -@_ lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ epsf] /fhg}lts bn, -#_ ufpf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf jf lhnnf ljsf; ;ldlt, cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 5

6 t/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfsf] p2]zo cg';f/ sfo{ ;DkGg x'fbf jf s'g} JolQmåf/f ;f] ;+:yfnfo{ k bfg ul/psf ;DklQ jf ;]jf jfktsf] s'g} e'qmfgl ubf{ afx]s ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ / ;f] ;+:yfn] k fkt u/]sf] /sdaf6 s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} kmfobf k' ofpsf] ep To:tf] ;+:yfnfo{ s/ 5'6 x'g] 5}g. -g_ æ6«i6æ eggfn] 6«i6Ln] ;DklQ wf/0f ug]{ k agw ;D g' kb{5. t/ o; zabn] ;f ]bf/l, ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf v08-8_ sf] pkv08 -#_ adf]lhd plnnlvt ;+:yfnfo{ hgfpg] 5}g. -k_ æ6«i6læ eggfn] PSn} jf cgo k fs[lts JolQm, u'7l jf cgo ;+ul7t ;+:yf;+u ldnl ;+o'qm?kdf ;DklQ cdfgtsf]?kdf /fvg] k fs[lts JolQm, u'l7 jf cgo ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] b]xfosf] JolQm ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5 M -!_ d[ts JolQmsf] hfoh]yfsf] ;~rfngstf{ jf k zf;s, -@_ lnlsj8]6/, k fks jf 6«i6L, -#_ lghl jf cflwsfl/s x}l;otdf c;ifd JolQmsf] ;DklQsf] ;+/Ifs, lgb]{zg, lgogq0f jf Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'g} JolQm, -$_ lghl k lti7fg jf o:t} k lti7fg cgtu{t ;DklQsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'g} JolQm, / -%_ pkv08 -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ df plnnlvt JolQm ;/xsf] h:t} l:yltdf /x]sf] cgo s'g} JolQm. -km_ æbl3{sfnlg s/f/æ eggfn] s/f/sf] axfnl cjlw afx dlxgf egbf a9l epsf] adf]lhdsf] s/f/ ;D g' k5{. -a_ ægft]bf/æ eggfn] k fs[lts JolQmsf] klt, kltg, 5f]/f, 5f]/L -wd{k'q, wd{k'ql ;d]t_, afj', cfdf, afh], aho}, bfh', efo{, efph', a'xf/l, lbbl, alxgl, ;f;', ;;'/f, ;fnf, h]7fg, ;fnl, h]7l;f;', sfsf, sfsl, elthf, elthl, gftl / gfltgl ;D g' k5{. -e_ ælgsfo -OlG66L_Æ eggfn] b]xfosf ;+:yf jf ;+u7g ;D g' k5{ M 6

7 -!_ ;f ]bf/l, 6«i6 jf sdkgl, ufpf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf jf lhnnf ljsf; ;ldlt, -#_ g]kfn ;/sf/, -$_ s'g} ljb]zl ;/sf/ jf ;f] ;/sf/ cgtu{tsf k fgtlo jf :yfglo ;/sf/ jf s'g} ;GwLåf/f :yfkgf epsf] ;fj{hlgs cgt/f{li6«o ;+u7g, jf -%_ cfkm" afl;gbf epsf] d'n'sdf cjl:yt g/x]sf] pkv08 -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ df pnn]v epsf] ;+:yf jf ;+u7gsf] :yfol ;+:yfkg. -d_ ælgsfodf /x]sf] lxtæ eggfn] s'g} lgsfosf] cfo jf k"fhl k fkt ug]{ ;f+of]lus -slg6gh]g6_ clwsf/ ;d]tsf] clwsf/ ;D g' k5{. -o_ ælg;u{ -l8:kf]hn_æ eggfn] bkmf $) df pnn]v ep adf]lhd s'g} ;DklQ jf bflotjsf] laqml jf x:tfgt/0f ;d]tsf] lg;u{ ;D g' k5{. -/_ ælglxt :jfldtjæ eggfn] b]xfosf] :jfldtj ;D g' k5{ M -!_ s'g} lgsfosf] ;DaGwdf s'g} k fs[lts JolQm jf k fs[lts JolQmsf] lxt g/x]sf] lgsfon] ;f] lgsfodf k ToIf jf ck ToIf?kdf Ps jf a9l dwo:y lgsfox? f/f /fv]sf] lxtsf cfwf/df l;lh{t :jfldtj, jf -@_ s'g} lgsfosf] :jfldtj /x]sf] ;DklQsf] ;DaGwdf ;f] lgsfodf lglxt :jfldtj /x]sf JolQmx?sf] :jfldtjsf] ;dfg'kftsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f epsf] ;DklQsf] :jfldtj. -n_ æk6[fæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmsf] gubl ;DklQ afx]ssf] ;DklQ k of]u ug]{ c:yfol clwsf/ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] Ohfhtkq, ef8f ;D f}tf, 5gf}6, /f]on6l ;D f}tf jf jxfnjfnfsf] xs ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -j_ æk fs[lts JolQmÆ eggfn] k fs[lts JolQm ljz]if ;D g' k5{ / o; P]gsf] k of]hgsf] nful ;f] zabn] btf{ eo{ jf geo{ k fs[lts JolQmsf] :jfldtjdf cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 7

8 /x]sf] Psnf}6L kmd{ tyf Pp6} k fs[lts JolQmsf]?kdf dflgg] u/l bkmf %) adf]lhd 5gf}6 epsf] bdklq ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -z_ æk fs[lts ; f]t afktsf] e'qmfglæ eggfn] b]xfosf] s'g} e'qmfglsf] /sd ;D g' k5{ M -!_ hldgaf6 kfgl, vlgh kbfy{ jf cgo hlljt jf lgh{l{j ; f]t lgsfng] clwsf/ k fkt u/] jfktsf] e'qmfgl, jf -@_ hldgaf6 ;du jf cf+lzs?kdf lgsflnpsf] k fs[lts ; f]t / vlgh kbfy{sf] hlljt jf lghl{j ; f]tsf] kl/df0f jf d"nosf cfwf/af6 u0fgf ul/psf] /sd. -if_ æahf/ d"noæ eggfn] s'g} ;DklQ jf ;]jfsf ;DaGwdf c;dalgwt JolQmx?aLr ;fdfgo ahf/ Jojxf/sf] l;nl;nfdf ;]jf jf ;DklQsf] ;fdfgo sf/f]af/ d"no ;D g' k5{. -;_ æef8fæ eggfn] 3/ axfn ;d]tsf d"t{ ;DklQsf] axfn tyf k f cgtu{t ul/psf lk ldod nufotsf ;a} e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{. t/ o; zabn] k fs[lts ; f]t jfkt epsf] e'qmfglnfo{ hgfpg] 5}g. -x_ æe'qmfglæ eggfn] b]xfosf] sfd sf/jfxl ;D g' k5{ M -!_ s'g} Ps JolQmsf] /sd jf ;Dklt csf]{ JolQmsf] gfpfdf / s'g} csf]{ JolQmsf] bflotj ;f] JolQmsf] gfpfdf x:tfgt/0f epdf, -@_ s'g} Ps JolQmaf6 l;lh{t ;DklQ ;f] ;DklQsf] l;h{gf kl5 csf]{ JolQmsf] :jfldtjdf epdf jf s'g} Ps JolQmsf] bflotjsf] ef/ csf]{ JolQmn] axg u/]df, -#_ Ps JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;]jf k bfg u/]df, cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 8

9 -$_ s'g} Ps JolQmsf] :jfldtjdf /x]sf] ;DklQ csf]{ JolQmn] k of]u u/]df jf k of]usf] nflu pknaw epdf. -If_ æd'gfkmfsf] ljt/0fæ eggfn] d'gfkmfsf] k"fhls/0f ;d]t bkmf %# adf]lhd epsf] s'g} lgsfosf] d'gfkmfsf] ljt/0f ;D g' k5{. -q_ æo"lg6 6«i6Æ eggfn] sdtldf al; hgf JolQmx?sf nfesf] nflu 6«i6Ln] ;DklQ wf/0f ug]{ Joj:yf eo{ cfo jf k"fhldf ;xeful x'g kfpg] JolQmx?sf] clwsf/nfo{ wf/0f u/]sf] OsfO{x?sf] ;+Vofåf/f lgwf{l/t cfwf/df ljefhg x'g] Joj:yf ul/psf] 6«i6 ;D g' k5{. -1_ æ/f]huf/læ eggfn] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ljut, jt{dfg jf efjl /f]huf/l ;D g' k5{. -ss_ æ/f]on6læ eggfn] cd"t{ ;DklQsf] k f cgtu{t ul/psf] s'g} e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] b]xfosf p2]zosf nflu ul/g] s'g} e'qmfgl ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5 M -!_ k ltlnlk clwsf/, k]6]g6, l8hfog, df]8]n, of]hgf, uf]ko ;"q jf k lqmof jf 6]«8dfs{sf] k of]u jf k of]u ug]{ clwsf/ /fvg], -@_ k ljlwsf] 1fg k bfg ug]{, -#_ rnlrqhgo lkmnd, lel8of] 6]k, Wjlg l/sl8{ª jf s'g} cgo o:t} dfwodsf] k of]u jf k of]u ug]{ clwsf/ / cf}bf]lus, Jofkfl/s jf j}1flgs cg'ej k bfg ug]{, -$_ pkv08 -!_, -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf s'/fdf ;xfos x'g] lsl;dn] s'g} ;xof]u k bfg ug]{, jf -%_ pkv08 -!_, -@_, -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhdsf s'/fsf ;DaGwdf k"0f{ jf cf+lzs agb]h dfgg]. t/ o; zabn] k fs[lts ; f]tafktsf] e'qmfglnfo{ hgfpg] 5}g. 9

10 -sv_ ænufglæ eggfn] b]xfo adf]lhd afx]s Ps jf Ps egbf a9l ;DklQ wf/0f ug]{ jf To:tf] ;DklQ nufgl ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ M -!_ ;DklQdf :jfldtj /fvg] JolQmaf6 lghl k of]udf NofOPsf] ;DklQ /fvg] sfo{, -@_ /f]huf/l jf Joj;fo. t/ u}/ Jofj;flos s/of]uo ;DklQ /fvg] sfo{ nufgl dflgg]5. -su_ ænufgl ladfæ eggfn] b]xfosf s'g} ladf ;D g' k5{ M -!_ laldt JolQm jf laldt JolQmsf] ;Da4 JolQmsf] d[to' ;DaGwL 36gfsf xsdf ul/psf] ladf, -@_ laldt JolQm jf lghsf] ;Da4 JolQmsf] JolQmut rf]6k6s jf s'g} vf; tj/df c;ifd x'g] 36gf ;DaGwL ladf, t/ ladfsf] ladf ;D f}tf sldtdf kffr jif{;dd jxfn /xg] jf jxfnlsf] ;do ;Ldf gepsf] / s/f/df plnnlvt ljz]if kl/l:yltx?df afx]s kffr jif{sf] cjlw e'qmfg x'g' cufj} ladsaf6 cgto ug{ g;lsg] u/l ul/psf] x'g' kg]{5. -#_ s'g} /sd jf >+[vnfa4 /sdx? eljiodf laldtnfo{ e'qmfgl x'g] u/l ul/psf] ladf, -$_ pkv08 -!_, -@_, jf -#_ cgtu{tsf ladfsf] k'gla{df, / -%_ pkv08 -$_ df plnnlvt k'gla{dfsf] k'gla{df. -s 3_ ænfef+zæ eggfn] lgsfoaf6 x'g] ljt/0f ;D g' k5{. -s ª_ æafl;gbf JolQmÆ eggfn] s'g} cfo jif{sf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf JolQm ;D g' k5{ M -!_ k fs[lts JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf, -s_ ;fdfgo a;f]af;sf] :yfg g]kfndf /x]sf], cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 10

11 -v_ =================cljlr5gg #^% lbgsf] cjlwdf!*# lbg jf ;f]egbf a9l g]kfndf /x]sf], jf -u_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cfo jif{sf] s'g} ;dodf ljb]zdf v6fopsf]. ;f ]bf/l kmd{, -#_ 6«i6sf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] 6«i6 h'g, -s_ g]kfndf :yfkgf epsf], -v_ 6«i6sf] 6«i6L cfo jif{df afl;gbf JolQm epsf] jf, -u_ 6«i6nfO{ cfo jif{df afl;gbf JolQm jf lgh ;+nug epsf] JolQmx?sf] ;d"xn] k ToIf jf Ps jf a9l dwo:y lgsfo - OG6/kf]H8 OlG66L_ x?sf] dfwodåf/f lgogq0f u/]sf]. -$_ sdkglsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] sdkgl h'g, -s_ g]kfnsf] sfg"g cgtu{t ;+:yflkt epsf] jf, -v_ s'g} cfo jif{df g]kfndf ;f] sdkglsf] Joj:yfkg k efjsf/l /x]sf]. -$s_ g]kfn ;/sf/, -%_ ufpf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf jf lhnnf ljsf; ;ldlt, -^_ s'g} ljb]zl ;/sf/ jf ;f] ;/sf/ cgtu{tsf k fgtlo jf :yfglo ;/sf/sf] To:tf] lgsfosf] ;DaGwdf h'g, -s_ g]kfnsf] sfg"gcgtu{t :yflkt epsf], jf -v_ s'g} cfo jif{df g]kfndf To:tf] lgsfosf] Joj:yfkg k efjsf/l /x]sf]. -&_ s'g} ;lgw ;D f}tf cgtu{t :yflkt ;+:yf jf lgsfo, / -*_ u}/ afl;gbf JolQmsf] g]kfndf /x]sf] ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkg. -s r_ æjolqmæ eggfn] k fs[lts JolQm jf lgsfo ;D g' k5{. cflys{ 4f/f lemlspsf]. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 11

12 -s 5_ æjoj:yfksæ eggfn] s'g} lgsfosf] Joj:yfksLo lg0f{ox? ug]{ sfddf ;+nug x'g] JolQm ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] s'g} 6«i6sf] 6«i6L / ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkgdf :jfldtj epsf] JolQm ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -s h_ æjoj;foæ eggfn] s'g} klg k sf/sf] pbf]u, Jofkf/, k]zf jf o:t} cgo k s[ltsf Jofj;flos sf/f]af/ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] To:t} k sf/sf ljut, jt{dfg jf efjl Joj;fox?nfO{ ;d]t hgfpf5. t/ o; zabn] /f]huf/lnfo{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -s _ æaofhæ eggfn] b]xfosf e'qmfgl jf nfe ;D g' k5{ M -!_ ;fjff afx]s C0f bflotj cgtu{tsf] e'qmfgl, -@_ 5'6, C0f bflotj cgtu{tsf] 5'6, lk ldod, cbnabn e'qmfgl jf To:t} e'qmfglsf] dfwodaf6 k fkt ul/psf] nfe, / -#_ jflif{s j[lq jf ls:tfagbl laqml cgtu{t ;DklQ k fkt ug]{ JolQmaf6 jf ljqlo k6[f cgtu{t s'g} ;DklQsf] k of]u afkt s'g} JolQmnfO{ ul/g] e'qmfgl dwo] Aofhsf]?kdf lnog] bkmf #@ adf]lhdsf /sdx?. -s `_ æjofkfl/s df}hbftæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmsf] :jfldtjdf /x]sf] lghåf/f ;~rflnt lgoldt Joj;fosf] qmddf laqml ========== ul/g] ;DklQ, sfo{ k ultdf /x]sf] ;DklQ / ;DklQdf ;dflji6 x'g] ;fdfu Lx?sf] df}hbft ;D g' k5{. t/ o; zabn] ljb]zl d'b fdf /x]sf] ;DklQnfO{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -s 6_ æjofj;flos ;DklQÆ eggfn] s'g} Joj;fodf k of]u ul/psf] s'g} ;DklQ ;D g' k5{. t/ o; zabn] Jofkfl/s df}hbft jf Joj;fosf] x f;of]uo ;DklQnfO{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -s 7_ æljt/0fæ eggfn] bkmf %# df pnn]v ep adf]lhd s'g} lgsfoaf6 x'g] ljt/0f ;D g' k5{. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. cflys{ 4f/f lemlspsf]. 12

13 -s7!_ æljb'lto dfwodæ eggfn] sdko"6/, kmofs;, Od]n, OG6/g]6, ljb'lto Sof; d]lzg, lkm:sn lk G6/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zjbn] ljefun] tf]s]sf cgo :jls[t dfwodnfo{ ;d]t hgfpf5. -s 8_ æljb]z k7fpsf] cfoæ eggfn] u}/ afl;gbf JolQmsf] g]kfnl:yt bkmf ^* adf]lhdsf] ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkgn] ljb]z k7fpg' kg]{ cfo a}+s dfkm{t ljb]z k7fpsf] jf cgo s'g} klg tl/sfn] e'qmfgl u/]sf] /sd ;D g' k5{. -s 9_ æljb]zl cfos/æ eggfn] s'g} ljb]zl d'n'sn] nufpsf] bkmf ^( sf] pkbkmf - *_ df plnnlvt ljb]zl cfos/ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] s'g} ljb]zl d'n'sn] nufpsf] clgtd?kdf s L x'g] s/ ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -s 0f_ æljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkgæ eggfn] v08 -e_ sf] pkv08 -%_ adf]lhdsf] lgsfo ;D g' k5{. -s t_ æljefuæ eggfn] cfgtl/s /fhzj ljefu ;D g' k5{. -s y_ æj}b]lzs d'b fdf /x]sf] ;DklQÆ eggfn] g]kfnl?k}off afx]s cgo ljb]zl d'b fdf /x]sf] ;DklQ ;D g' k5{. -sb_ æ:yfol ;+:yfkgæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmn] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs?kdf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ :yfg ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] b]xfosf :yfg ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5 M -!_ Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ ;fdfgo qmddf :jtgq x}l;otn] sfo{ ug]{ ;fwf/0f Ph]06 afx]s s'g} Ph]06 dfkm{t s'g} JolQmn] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs?kdf Joj;fo ug]{ :yfg, -@_ s'g} JolQmsf] d'vo pks/0f jf d'vo d]l;g/l /x]sf] jf k of]u u/]sf] jf h8fg u/]sf] :yfg, -#_ s'g} afx dlxgfsf] cjlwdf Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s u/l gaa] lbgegbf a9l s'g} JolQmn] sd{rf/ldfkm{t jf cgo k sf/n] k fljlws, Jofj;flos jf k/fdz{ ;]jf k bfg u/]sf] s'g} b]zsf] Ps jf PseGbf a9l :yfg, jf cfly{s 4f/f yk. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 13

14 -$_ s'g} JolQmn] gaa] lbg jf ;f]egbf a9l ;do;dd lgdf{0f ug]{, h8fg ug]{ jf :yfkgf ug]{ cfof]hgfdf ;+nug /x]sf] :yfg tyf ;f] cfof]hgfsf] ;'kl/j]if0f ;DaGwL lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng u/]sf] :yfg. -s w_ æ;dklqæ eggfn] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] d"t{ jf cd"t{ ;DklQ ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] d'b f, Voflt, k ljlw 1fg, hfoh]yf, s'g} JolQmsf] ljb]zl zfvfdf /x]sf] :jfldtj jf lxt, cfdbfgl ug]{ jf eljiodf cfdbfgl k fkt ug]{ clwsf/ / s'g} To:tf] ;DklQsf] s'g} efu ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5. -s g_ æ;da4 JolQmÆ eggfn] Ps csf]{ JolQmsf] dg;fo cg';f/ sfd ug]{ Ps jf PseGbf a9l JolQm jf To:tf JolQmx?sf] ;d"x ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] b]xfosf JolQmx? ;d]tnfo{ hgfpf5 M -!_ k fs[lts JolQm / ;f] JolQmsf] gft]bf/ jf s'g} JolQm jf ;f] JolQmsf] ;f ]bf/, -@_ ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkg / ;f] ;+:yfkgdf :jfldtj epsf] JolQm, / -#_ s'g} lgsfo cfkm} jf cfkm";+u ;DalGwt cgo JolQm jf ;xof]ul lgsfo jf To:tf ;xof]ul lgsfo;+u ;DalGwt cgo s'g} JolQm jf lgsfo;+u ldn]/ s'g} lgsfosf] cfo, k"fhl jf dtflwsf/sf] krf; k ltzt jf ;f]egbf a9l lx:;f lgogq0f ug]{ jf ;f]af6 kmfobf k fkt ug{] lgsfo. t/ b]xfosf JolQm ;Da4 JolQm x'g] 5}g M -!_ sd{rf/l, -@_ ljefun] ;Da4 JolQm xf]og egl tf]s]sf] JolQm. -sg!_ æ;dfof]lht s/of]uo cfoæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfojif{sf] s/ of]uo cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ bkmf!@ adf]lhd s'g} /sd g36fo{ tyf bkmf!$ sf] pkbkmf -@_, bkmf!& jf!* adf]lhd s L gu/l u0fgf ul/psf] s/of]uo cfo ;D g' k5{. cfly{s 4f/f yk. 14

15 ]] -s k_ æ;f ]bf/læ eggfn] al; hgf egbf sd ;f ]bf/ eo{ k rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ep jf gepsf] kmd{ ;D g' k5{. t/ o; zabn] btf{ epsf] jf gepsf] Psnf}6L kmd{ jf ;+o'qm pbdnfo{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -s km_ æ;fdfgo ladfæ eggfn] nufgl ladf afx]ssf ladf ;D g' k5{. -s a_ æ;fdfgo Aofh b/æ eggfn] jflif{s kgw k ltztsf] Aofhsf] b/ ;D g' k5{. -s e_ æ:jls[t cjsfz sf]ifæ eggfn] bkmf ^# sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljefuaf6 :jls[lt k fkt u/]sf] cjsfz sf]if ;D g' k5{. -s d_ æ;]jf z'nsæ eggfn] s'g} JolQmn] pknaw u/fpsf] ;]jf afkt lghnfo{ ahf/ d"no cg';f/ e'qmfgl ul/psf] s'g} z'ns ;D g' k5{ / ;f] zabn] sldzg, a}7s eqf, Joj:yfkg z'ns jf k fljlws ;]jf z'nsnfo{ ;d]t hgfpf5. -s o_ æz]o/jfnfæ eggfn] s'g} sdkglsf] lxtflwsf/l JolQm ;D g' k5{. -s /_ æx f;of]uo ;DklQÆ eggfn] s'g} Joj;fo jf nufgldf cfo cfh{gsf] nflu k of]u ul/psf 6'6k'm6, k"/fgf] x'+fb} upsf] jf ;do JotLt x'fb} upsf] sf/0faf6 d"nodf x f; x'g] ;DklQ ;D g' k5{. t/ o; zabn] Jofkfl/s df}hbftnfo{ hgfpfg] 5}g. -s n_ ælxtflwsf/læ eggfn] s'g} lgsfodf v08 -d_ adf]lhdsf] lxt epsf] JolQm ;D g' k5{. -s j_ ætf]lspsf]æ jf ætf]lsp adf]lhdæ eggfn] o; P]g cgtu{t ag]sf] lgodx?df tf]lspsf] jf tf]lsp adf]lhd ;D g' k5{. s/sf] cfwf/ #= s/ nufpg] ] M b]xfosf k To]s JolQmnfO{ k To]s cfo jif{df o; P]g adf]lhd s/ nufo{ c;"npk/ ul/g]5 M cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 15

16 -s_ s'g} cfo jif{df s/of]uo cfo epsf] JolQm, -v_ bkmf ^* sf] pkbkmf -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd s'g} cfo jif{sf] cfo ljb]zdf k7fpg] u}/ afl;gbf JolQmsf] g]kfndf cjl:yt ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkg, / -u_ s'g} cfo jif{df clgtd?kdf s/ s L eo{ e'qmfgl k fkt ug]{ JolQm. #s= ===================== $= s/sf] u0fgf / s/sf] b/ M -!_ s'g} cfo jif{sf nflu bkmf # df plnnlvt s'g} JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{kg]{ s/sf] /sd ;f] bkmfsf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ df plnnlvt s'g} Ps jf Ps egbf a9l JolQmsf] x}l;otn] ;f] JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{kg]{ s/sf] hddf /sd a/fa/ x'g]5. -@_ bkmf # sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] s'g} JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/sf] u0fgf ubf{ ;f] cfo jif{sf nflu ;f] JolQmsf] s/of]uo cfodf cg';"rl! df plnnlvt ;DalGwt b/x? nufo{ u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5. o;/l s/sf] u0fgf ubf{ bkmf %! jf &! jf b'a} bkmf adf]lhd ;f] JolQmn] bfjl u/]sf] s'g} s/ ldnfg ug{ kfpg] /sd s6fo{ u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg b]xfosf ;a} cj:yfx? k"/f u/]sf bkmf # sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] afl;gbf k fs[lts JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/ To:tf afl;gbf k fs[lts JolQmnfO{ ;f] cfo jif{df /f]huf/bftfaf6 lbopsf e'qmfglaf6 bkmf *& adf]lhd s L epsf] s/ /sdsf] hddf /sd a/fa/ x'g]5. -s_ ;f] cfo jif{sf] cfodf g]kfndf ; f]t epsf] s'g} /f]huf/lsf] cfodfq ;dfj]z epsf], -v_ ;f] cfo jif{df ;a} /f]huf/bftf afl;gbf JolQm epsf] / Ps k6sdf Pp6fdfq /f]huf/bftf epsf], / cfly{s 4f/f vf/]h. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. cfly{s 4f/f yk. 16

17 -u_ /f]huf/bftfn] e'qmfgl u/]sf] cf}iflw pkrf/ vr{ jfktsf] s/ ldnfg / /f]huf/bftfn] g} e'qmfgl ul/lbpsf] cjsfz of]ubfg dfq 36fpg bfjl u/]sf] tyf bkmf!@ ad]flhd rgbf jfkt vr{ 36fpg bfjl gu/]sf]. -$_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg b]xfosf ;a} cj:yfx? k"/f u/]sf bkmf # sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] afl;gbf k fs[lts JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/ cg';"rl! sf] bkmf! sf] pkbkmf -&_ df plnnlvt /sd a/fa/ x'g]5. -s_ ;f] cfo jif{df ;f] JolQmsf] g]kfndf ; f]t epsf] Joj;foaf6 k fkt cfo dfq epsf], -s!_ cf}ifwl pkrf/ vr{ jfkt bkmf %! adf]lhd tyf clu d s/s L jfkt bkmf (# adf]lhd s/ ldnfg ug{ bfjl gu/]sf], -v_ Joj;foaf6 k fkt cfo b'o{ nfv?k}off / Joj;fosf] sf/f]af/ al; nfv?k}off egbf a9l gepsf], / -u_ ;f] JolQmn] ;f] cfo jif{df of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] u/l 5gf}6 u/]sf]. -%_ bkmf # sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ljb]zl :yfol ;+:yfkgn] bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/sf] u0fgf ubf{ To:tf] ;+:yfkgn] ;f] cfo jif{df ljb]z k7fpsf] cfodf cg';"rl! sf] sf] pkbkmf -^_ df plnnlvt b/ nufo{ u0fgf ug{' kg]{5. -^_ bkmf # sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/ ;f] JolQmn] ;f] cfo jif{df k fkt u/]sf] clgtd?kdf s/ s L x'g] k To]s e'qmfglsf] /sddf bkmf *&, ** / *( df plnnlvt b/ nufo{ u0fgf ul/psf] hddf /sd a/fa/ x'g]5. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 17

18 %= s/of]uo cfo / cfosf zlif{sx?sf] jul{s/0f M s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{sf] s/of]uo cfo ;f] jif{df b]xfosf k To]s cfosf zlif{sx?sf] lgwf{/0fof]uo cfosf] s"n hddf /sdaf6 bkmf!@ jf ^# jf b'a} bkmf adf]lhd s'g} bfjl u/]sf] /sd ep ;f] /sd 36fO{ u0fgf ul/psf] /sd a/fa/ x'g]5 M -s_ Joj;fo, -v_ /f]huf/l, ============ -u_ nufgl, -3_ cfsl:ds nfe. ^= lgwf{/0fof]uo cfo M o; P]gsf] cwlgdf /xl s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} &= Joj;fo, /f]huf/l jf nufglaf6 epsf] b]xfosf cfox?nfo{ lgwf{/0fof]uo cfo dflgg]5m -s_ afl;gbf JolQmsf] cfosf] ; f]t hxff;'s} epklg ;f] jif{df ;f] JolQmsf] /f]huf/l, Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo, / -v_ u}/ afl;gbf JolQmsf] ;f] jif{df cfosf] ; f]t g]kfndf epsf] /f]huf/l, Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo. t/ lgwf{/0fof]uo cfodf bkmf!! jf ^$ jf b'a} bkmf adf]lhd s/ 5'6 lbopsf] s'g} klg cfo ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g. kl/r5]b # cfosf] u0fgf Joj;foaf6 epsf] cfosf] u0fgf M -!_ s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo ;~rfngaf6 epsf] d'gfkmf / nfex? ;f] JolQmsf] ;f] Joj;fosf] ;f] jif{sf] cfo x'g]5. -@_ s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{df Joj;fo ;~rfngaf6 epsf] d'gfkmf / nfesf] u0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmn] ;f] jif{leq k fkt u/]sf] b]xfosf /sdx? ;dfj]z u/l u0fgf ug{' kg]{5 M cfly{s 4f/f lemlspsf]. cfly{s 4f/f yk. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 18

19 -s_ ;]jf z'ns, -v_ Jofkfl/s df}hbftsf] lg;u{af6 k fkt /sd, -u_ kl/r5]b * adf]lhd u0fgf ul/psf] s'g} JolQmsf] Jofj;flos ;DklQ jf Jofj;flos bflotjsf] lg;u{af6 k fkt v"b nfe, -3_ Joj;fosf] x f;of]uo ;DklQsf] lg;u{af6 sf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd k fkt u/]sf] dflgg] /sd, -ª_ Joj;fosf ;DaGwdf s'g} JolQmaf6 k fkt u/]sf] pkxf/, -r_ Joj;fo ;~rfngsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} k ltagw :jlsf/ u/] afkt k fkt u/]sf] /sd, -5_ s'g} JolQmn] k fkt u/]sf] /sd nufglaf6 x'g] cfodf ;dfj]z x'g] k s[ltsf] ep tfklg To:tf] JolQmn] cfˆgf] Joj;fo;+u k ToIf?kdf ;DalGwt eo{ k fkt u/]sf] /sd, / -h_ kl/r5]b ^ jf & jf bkmf %^ jf ^) adf]lhd ;dfj]z ul/g' kg]{ cgo /sdx?. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg bkmf!), %$ / ^( adf]lhd 5'6 kfpg] /sd / clgtd?kdf s/ s L x'g] e'qmfglx? Joj;fo ;~rfngaf6 epsf] d'gfkmf / nfesf] u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{ 5}g. *= /f]huf/laf6 epsf] cfosf] u0fgf M -!_ s'g} k fs[lts JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df /f]huf/laf6 k fkt u/]sf] kfl/>lds ;f] jif{df ;f] JolQmsf] /f]huf/lsf] cfo dfgl u0fgf ug{' kg]{5. -@_ /f]huf/bftfaf6 s'g} cfo jif{df k fs[lts JolQmnfO{ lbopsf b]xfosf e'qmfglx? To:tf] k fs[lts JolQmsf] ;f] cfo jif{sf] /f]huf/laf6 k fkt kfl/>lds u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 M -s_ Hofnf, tna, labf afktsf] /sd, cltl/qm ;do sfd u/] afktsf] /sd, z'ns, sldzg, k'/:sf/, pkxf/, af]g; / cgo ;'ljwfx? afktsf] e'qmfgl, 19

20 -v_ dxël eqf, hljg lgjf{x vr{, ef8f, dgf]/ghg jf oftfoft eqf afktsf] /sd nufot s'g} klg JolQmut eqfsf e'qmfgl, -u_ lgh jf lghsf] ;Da4 JolQmn] JolQmut k of]hgsf] nflu u/]sf] vr{sf] km5\of}{6 jf ;f]wegf{ afkt k fkt ul/psf] e'qmfgl, -3_ /f]huf/lsf s'g} zt{df ;xdtl hgfp afkt ul/psf e'qmfgl, -ª_ /f]huf/lsf] cgto, gf]s;fgl jf clgjfo{ cjsfz afkt ul/psf e'qmfgl, -r_ cjsfz e'qmfgl / /f]huf/bftfn] ;f] sd{rf/lsf] nflu cjsfz sf]ifdf hddf u/]sf] /sd ;d]tsf cjsfz of]ubfg, -5_ /f]huf/lsf ;DaGwdf ul/psf cgo e'qmfgl, / -h_ kl/r5]b ^ jf & adf]lhd ;dfj]z ul/g' kg]{ cgo /sdx?. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} k fs[lts JolQmn] /f]huf/laf6 k fkt u/]sf] kfl/>ldssf] u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{ 5}g M -s_ bkmf!) adf]lhd 5'6 kfpg] /sd / clgtd?kdf s/ s L x'g] e'qmfgl, -v_ ;dfg zt{df ;a} sd{rf/lnfo{ pknaw x'g] u/l /f]huf/bftfaf6 sfo{:yndf sd{rf/lnfo{ pknaw u/fopsf vfgf tyf vfhf, -u_ s'g} sd{rf/ln] u/]sf] b]xfosf vr{sf] km5\of}{6 jf ;f]wegf{ M -!_ ;f] vr{n] /f]huf/bftfsf] Joj;fo k of]hg k"/f u/]df, jf -@_ k fs[lts JolQmsf] Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 x'g] cfosf] u0fgfdf 5'6 epsf] jf 5'6 x'g] vr{. -3_ lx;fa lstfa /fvg cjofjxfl/s jf k zf;lgs?kn] sl7g x'g] tf]lsp adf]lhdsf] ;fgf /sdsf] e'qmfgl. 20

21 :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu æe'qmfglæ eggfn] b]xfoadf]lhd epsf] e'qmfgl ;D g' k5{. -s_ /f]huf/bftfaf6 epsf], -v_ /f]huf/bftfsf] ;Da4 JolQmaf6 epsf], / -u_ /f]hufbftf jf lghsf] ;Da4 JolQm;+u epsf] ;D f}tf cg';f/sf] s'g} t]; f] JolQmaf6 epsf]. (= nufglaf6 epsf] cfosf] u0fgf M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df nufglaf6 u/]sf] d'gfkmf / nfex? ;f] JolQmsf] ;f] nufglsf] ;f] jif{sf] cfo x'g]5. -@_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df nufgl u/]afkt u/]sf] d'gfkmf / nfesf] u0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmn] ;f] jif{df k fkt u/]sf b]xfosf /sdx? ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 M -s_ ;f] nufglaf6 k fkt nfef+z, Aofh, k fs[lts ; f]t afktsf] e'qmfgl, ef8f, /f]on6l, nufgl ladfaf6 k fkt nfe, bkmf ^# sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :jls[lt k fkt gu/]sf] cjsfz sf]ifsf] lxtaf6 k fkt nfe jf :jls[t cjsfz sf]ifaf6 ul/psf] cjsfz e'qmfgl, -v_ kl/r5]b * adf]lhd u0fgf ul/psf] ;f] JolQmsf] ;f] nufglsf] u}/ Jofj;flos s/of]uo ;DklQsf] lg;u{af6 k fkt v"b nfe, -u_ ;f] JolQmn] u/]sf] nufglsf] x f;of]uo ;DklQ lg;u{ ubf{ sf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd x f;of]uo ;DklQsf] ;d"xdf epsf ;DklQsf] nflu ul/psf] vr{x? -cfp6uf]oë;_ ;lxtsf] affsl d"no egbf k fkt x'g] cfdbfglx? -OgsldË;_ a9l epdff ;f] a9l ephlt /sd, -3_ nufglsf ;DaGwdf ;f] JolQmn] k fkt u/]sf] pkxf/, cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 21

22 -ª_ ;f] nufglsf ;DaGwdf ul/psf] cjsfz e'qmfgl / ;f] JolQmsf] nflu cjsfz sf]ifdf hddf ul/psf] /sd ;d]tsf] cjsfz of]ubfg, -r_ nufglsf ;DaGwdf s'g} k ltagw :jlsf/ u/] afkt k fkt ul/psf /sdx?, / -5_ kl/r5]b ^ jf & jf bkmf %^ adf]lhd ;dfj]z ul/g' kg]{ cgo /sdx?. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} JolQmn] nufglaf6 k fkt ug]{ d'gfkmf tyf nfesf] u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g\g M -s_ bkmf!), %$, / ^( adf]lhd 5'6 kfpg] /sd / clgtd?kdf s/ s L x'g] e'qmfgl, / -v_ ;f] JolQmn] /f]huf/l jf Joj;foaf6 cfh{g ug]{ cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g] /sd. kl/r5]b $ 5'6 x'g] /sdx? / cgo 5'6x?!)= 5'6 x'g] /sdx? M b]xfosf /sdx?df s/ 5'6 x'g]5 M -s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ / s'g} ljb]zl /fi6«jf cgt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfsf] alrdf epsf] låkiflo jf ax'kiflo ;lgwdf pnn]v ep adf]lhd s/ 5'6sf] ;'ljwf kfpg] s'g} JolQmn] k fkt u/]sf] s/ 5'6sf] /sd, -v_ ljb]zl /fi6«sf] ;/sf/l ;]jfdf /f]huf/l u/] afkt s'g} k fs[lts JolQmn] k fkt u/]sf] /sd, t/, -!_ ;f] JolQm /f]huf/l u/]sf] sf/0fn] dfq afl;gbf jf u}/ afl;gbf epsf] x'g' kg]{5, / -@_ ;f] /fi6«sf] ;/sf/l sf]ifaf6 To:tf /sdx? e'qmfgl ul/psf] x'g' kg]{5. 22

23 -u_ g]kfnsf] gful/s gepsf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] k fs[lts JolQm jf lghsf] lgs6:y kl/jf/sf] ;b:on] ljb]zl /fi6«sf] ;/sf/l sf]ifaf6 k fkt u/]sf /sd, -3_ s/ ltg'{ gkg]{ zt{df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;]jfdf lgo'qm epsf u}/ g]kfnl gful/sn] k fkt u/]sf] /sd, -ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ljwjf, a[4 jf ckfë JolQmnfO{ lbog] eqf, -r_ bkmf &, * jf ( adf]lhd cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g' kg]{ /sd afx]s pkxf/, OR5fkq, ck'tfnl jf 5fqj[lQsf]?kdf k fkt /sdx?, -5_ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfn] b]xfo afkt k fkt u/]sf] /sd M -!_ rgbf, pkxf/, -@_ sf] v08 -w_ adf]lhdsf] 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfnfo{ k ltkmn k fkt ug]{ jf k ltkmnsf] cf; gu/l To:tf] ;+:yfsf] sfo{;+u k ToIf?kn] ;DalGwt cgo of]ubfgx?, jf -#_ g]kfn /fi6«a}+sn] cfˆgf] p2]zo cg'?k cfh{g u/]sf] /sd, jf -$_ g]kfn lwtf]kq jf]8{n] cfk\mgf] p2]zo cg'?k cfh{g u/]sf] /sd. -h_ ljb]zl /fi6«sf] ;]gf jf k x/l ;]afaf6 cjsfz k fkt u/]sf] g]kfnl gful/sn] ;f] /fi6«sf] ;/sf/l sf]ifaf6 k fkt u/]sf] lgj[lqe/0f afktsf] /sd. -em_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] h'g;'s} k sf/sf] cfo.!!= Jofj;flos 5'6 tyf ;'ljwfx? M -!_ s'g} kmd{, sdkgl, ;f ]bf/l tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf]?kdf btf{ u/l s[lif Joj;fo u/l] k fkt u/]sf] cfodf / e"ld ;DaGwL sf] bkmf!@ sf] v08-3_ / -ª_ df pnn]v ep adf]lhdsf] huufdf s[lif Joj;foaf6 k fkt epsf]afx]s cgo s[lif cfdbfgldf s/ nfug] 5}g. -@_ ;xsf/l adf]lhd btf{ eo{ ;~rfng epsf] s[lif jf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t /]zd v]tl tyf /]zd ptkfbg, kmnkm"n v]tl, ptkfbg tyf kmnkm"n k zf]wg, kz'kfng, 8]/L pbf]u, s'v'/fkfng, dt:okfng, lrof v]tl tyf k zf]wg, skml cfly{s 4f/f yk. 23

24 v]tl tyf k zf]wg, hl8j'6l v]tl tyf k zf]wg, t/sf/lsf jlp ljhg ptkfbg, df}/lkfng, dx ptkfbg, /a/ v]tl, sj'lnolt jg, Pu f]km/]i6«l cflb Jofj;flos jg ;DaGwL Joj;fox h:tf s[lif tyf jghgo pbf]ux, t/sf/l e08f/sf nflu :yflkt zlt e08f/, s[lif ;DaGwL jlp ljhg, kz'cfxf/f, bfgf, sl6gfzs cf}iflw, dn tyf s[lif cf}hf/ -oflgqs zlqmaf6 rng]afx]s_ sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/l ;+:yf tyf u fdl0f ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t art tyf C0f ;xsf/l ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] cfodf s/ nfug] 5}g. o:tf] ;+:yf jf ;+3n] ljt/0f u/]sf] nfef+zdf ;d]t s/ nfug] 5}g. :ki6ls/0fm o; pkbkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu æu fdl0f ;d'bfoæ eggfn] dxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf tyf tl If]q;Fu hf]l8psf ufpf ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsf afx]ssf If]q ;Demg' k5{. -#_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} cfo jif{df laz]if pbf]u / ;"rgf k lalw pbf]uaf6 epsf] cfodf b]xfo adf]lhd s/ nufog]5 M -s_ tlg ;o jf ;f] egbf a9l g]kfnl gful/snfo{ jif{ e/l g} k ToIf /f]huf/l lbg] ljz]if pbf]u / ;"rgf k ljlw pbf]unfo{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfug] s/sf] gaa] k ltzt, afx ;o jf ;f] egbf a9l g]kfnl gful/snfo{ jif{ e/l g} k ToIf /f]huf/l lbg] ljz]if pbf]unfo{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfug] s/sf] c;l k ltzt, dlxnf, blnt jf ckfëx dwo] sdtldf t]lq; k ltztnfo{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/l ;o hgf egbf a9l g]kfnl gful/snfo{ jif{e/l k ToIf /f]huf/l lbpsf] laz]if pbf]unfo{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfug] s/sf] c;l k ltzt, -v_ cltcljsl;t, cljsl;t, cnkljsl;t If]qx df ljz]if pbf]u ;~rfng epsf] ep To:tf pbf]u ;~rfng epsf] cfo jif{ ;d]t bz cfojif{sf nflu ;f] jif{x sf] cfodf nfug] s/sf] qmdzm bz, al; / tl; k ltzt. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 24

25 -#s_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pbf]usf] cfodf nfug] cfos/ / To:tf pbf]un] ljt/0f ug]{ nfef+zdf nfug] s/df b]xfo adf]lhd 5'6 x'g]5 M -s_ lxdfnl lhnnf / g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] kxf8l lhnnfdf /x]sf] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pbf]un] sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;dd nfug] cfos/sf] zt k ltzt / To;kl5sf cfo jif{df nfug] cfos/sf] krf; k ltzt, -v_ cgo If]qdf /x]sf] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pbf]un] sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] kffr jif{;dd nfug] cfos/sf] zt k ltzt / To;kl5sf cfo jif{df nfug] cfos/sf] krf; k ltzt, -u_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pbf]un] ljt/0f u/]sf] nfef+zdf nfug] s/ sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] kffr jif{;dd zt k ltzt / To;kl5sf] tlg jif{;dd krf; k ltzt, -3_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pbf]usf ljb]zl nufglstf{n] ljb]zl k ljlw jf Joj:yfkg ;]jf z'ns tyf /f]on6laf6 cfh{g u/]sf] cfodf nfug] cfos/ krf; k ltzt. -#v_ k]6«f]lnod tyf k fs[lts UofF; cgj]zg tyf ptvgg ug]{ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;fn r}q dlxgf;dd Jofkfl/s?kdf sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]df sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]sf] ldltn] klxnf] ;ft jif{;dd k'/} cfos/ 5'6 kfpg]5 / To; kl5sf] tlg jif{;dd krf; k ltzt cfos/ 5'6 kfpg]5. -#u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k sfzg u/l tf]s]sf] 6]Sgf]nf]hL kfs{, jfof]6]s kfs{ / ;"rgf k ljlw kfs{leq :yflkt ;k\m6j]o/ ljsf;, tyof+s k zf]wg, ;foj/ Sofkm], l8lh6n Doflkª ;DaGwL pbf]usf] cfodf nfug] s/sf] krf; k ltzt 5'6 x'g]5. cfly{s 4f/f yk. 25

26 -#3_ ljb'tsf] ptkfbg, k ;f/0f, ljt/0f ug]{ cg'dlt k fkt JolQmn] ;fn r}q dlxgf;dd Jofkfl/s?kdf hnljb'tsf] ptkfbg, ptkfbg / k ;f/0f, ptkfbg / ljt/0f jf ptkfbg, k ;f/0f, ljt/0f z'? u/]sf] ldltn] klxnf] ;ft jif{;dd k'/} cfos/ 5'6 kfpg]5 / To; kl5sf] tlg jif{;dd krf; k ltzt cfos/ 5'6 kfpg]5. o:tf] ;'ljwf ;f}o{, jfo' tyf h}ljs kbfy{af6 ptkfbg x'g] ljb'tn] ;d]t kfpg]5. t/ of] pkbkmf k f/de epsf jvt Jofkfl/s ptkfbg k f/de ul/;s]sf cg'dlt k fkt JolQmsf] xsdf cg'dltkq k fkt ul/psf jvtsf] Joj:yf sfod /xg]5. -#ª_ ptkfbgd'ns pbf]un] ptkfbg u/]sf] j:t' lgof{t u/]df k fkt cfodf nfug] s/sf] b/df krrl; k ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5. -#r_ ;8s, k'n, ljdfg:yn, ;'?ª dfu{ lgdf{0f / ;~rfng u/]df jf 6«fd, 6«nLj;df nufgl u/l ;+rfng u/]df ;f]af6 k fkt cfodf nfug] s/sf] b/df rfnl; k ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5. -#5_ lwtf]kq ahf/df ;"lrs[t epsf ptkfbgd'ns, ko{6g ;]jf, hnljb't ptkfbg, ljt/0f tyf 6«fG;ld;g ug]{ / bkmf!! sf] pkbkmf -#u_ df pnn]v epsf lgsfox?nfo{ nfug] s/df bz k ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5. -#h_clt cljsl;t If]qdf :yflkt kmnk"mndf cfwfl/t a f08l, ;fo8/ Pjd\ jfog ptkfbg ug]{ pbf]unfo{ sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;dd rfnl; k ltzt cfos/ 5'6 x'g]5. -#em_s'g} JolQmn] af}l4s ;DkQL lgof{t jfkt k fkt /f]on6l cfodf nfug] cfo s/sf] b/df krrl; k ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5. -#`_s'g} JolQmn] jf}l4s ;DkQLsf] x:tfgt/0fåf/f ljqml u/l k fkt u/]sf] cfodf nfug] cfos/sf] b/df krf; k ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5. cfly{s 4f/f yk. 26

27 -$_ pkbkmf -!_, -#_ sf] v08 -s_, v08 -v_, pkbkmf -#s_, -#v_ / - #u_, cg';"rl! sf] bkmf! sf] pkbkmf -!#_, -!$_ / -!%_ / cg';"rl! sf] sf] pkbkmf -@_, -#_, -#s_ / -$_ adf]lhdsf JolQmn] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ cgo 5' } JolQmåf/f ;f] cfo dfq k fkt u/] ;/x dfgl ;f] cfosf] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5. -%_ Pp6} cfosf] ;DaGwdf o; bkmf adf]lhd PseGbf j9l 5'6 kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf epsf] JolQmn] cfkm"n] /f]h]sf] s'g} Pp6f 5'6 dfq kfpg]5. -^_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg ;f] pkbkmfsf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] pbf]u ;~rfng ug{ k of]u epsf ;DklQx? ;flasdf cgo JolQmn] ;f]xl lsl;dsf] pbf]u ;~rfng ug{ k of]u u/]sf] ep ;f] pkbkmfsf] ;dosf] ;Ldfsf] u0fgf ubf{ To;/L k of]u epsf] cjlwnfo{ ;d]t u0fgf ug{' kg]{5. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu, -s_ æs[lif Joj;foÆ eggfn] ;fj{hlgs jf lghl hldgaf6 afnlgfnl ptkfbg ug]{ jf hldg k of]u ug]{ df]xlaf6 s't jf afnl k fkt ug]{ Joj;fo ;D g' k5{. -v_ æclt cljsl;tæ, æcljsl;tæ / æcnk ljsl;t If]qÆ eggfn] cf}bf]lus Joj;fo sf] cg';"rl # df plnnlvt If]q ;D g' k5{. -u_ æljz]if pbf]uæ eggfn] r'/f]6, la+8l, l;uf/, vfg] ;"lt{, v}gl, d'vo srrf kbfy{ ;"lt{ epsf] ;f]xl k s[ltsf cgo ptkfbgx?, dlb/f, alo/ tyf o:t} k sf/sf j:t' ptkfbg ug]{ pbf]u afx]s cf}bf]lus Joj;fo sf] bkmf # df jul{s/0f ul/psf ptkfbgd"ns pbf]u ;D g' k5{. -&_ pkbkmf -#s_ / -#u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg ;f]xl pkbkmfx df plnnlvt pbf]u jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k of]u epsf ;DklQx ;fljsdf cgo JolQmn] ;f]xl lsl;dsf] jf cgo lsl;dsf] pbf]u jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k of]u u/]sf] k'/fgf] ;DklQx ep ;f] pkbkmfx adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf k fkt x'g] 5}g. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 27

28 !!s= k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfngdf nfug] s/m k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ / s'g} JolQmsf alr s'g} ;Demf}tf epdf ;f] ;Demf}tf ubf{sf jvt sfod epsf] s/ ;DaGwL o; P]gn] Joj:yf u/]sf] s/sf ;'ljwfx To:tf] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ug]{ JolQmn] ;Demf}tf cjlwe/ To:tf] s/;dagwl ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ kfpg]5.!!v= /fli6«o dxtjsf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cfof]hgfx df ;x'lnotm /fli6«o dxtjsf hnljb't cfof]hgf, cgt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn, e"ldutdfu{ tyf ;8sdfu{, /]ndfu{ h:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cfof]hgf tyf tlg ;o hgf egbf a9l :jb]zl sfdbf/nfo{ /f]huf/l lbg] / krf; k ltzt egbf a9l :jb]zl srrf kbfy{ pkof]u ug]{ ptkfbgzln pbf]u -r'/f]6, dlb/f / ljo/ pbf]u afx]s_ df ;fn r}t d;fgt;dd u/]sf] nufglsf] cfo; f]t vf]lhg]5}g.!@= s/ 5'6 kfpsf ;+:yfx?nfo{ lbopsf] rgbf pkxf/ M-!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df cfˆgf] s/of]uo cfo u0fgf ubf{ o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu ljefuaf6 :jls[lt k fkt s/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfnfo{ rgbf pkxf/ lbpsf] /sd 36fpg] bfal ug{ ;Sg]5. -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd s'g} cfo jif{df 36fpg kfpg] vr{ Ps nfv?k}off jf ;f] JolQmsf] ;f] jif{sf] ;dfof]lht s/of]uo cfosf] kffr k ltztdwo] h'g 36L x'g5 ;f]egbf a9l x'g] 5}g. -#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} vf; cj:yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k sfzg u/l tf]s]sf] s'g} sfo{sf] nflu s'g} JolQmn] vr{ u/]sf] jf rgbf lbpsf] /sd ;f] JolQmsf] cfo lgwf{/0f ubf{ vr{ afkt k"0f{ jf cf+lzs?kdf s L ug{ kfpg] u/l tf]sg ;Sg]5.!@s= ;Dkbf ;+/If0f / v]ns"bsf] ljsf;df u/]sf] vr{m s'g} sdkgln] s'g} cfo jif{df ljefusf] k"j{ :jls[lt lno{ g]kfnleq /x]sf k frlg, wfld{s tyf ;ff:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Dj4{g ug]{ jf v]ns"bsf] ;fj{hlgs ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ cfly{s 4f/f yk. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 28

29 sfo{df u/]sf] vr{ dwo] bz nfv?k}+off;ddsf] /sd jf lgwf{/0f of]uo cfosf] bz k ltztn] x'g] /sd dwo] h'g 36L x'g5 ;f] /sd cfˆgf] ;f] jif{sf] s/of]uo cfo u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg bfjl ug{ ;Sg]5. kl/r5]b % s L x'g] /sdx?!#= ;fdfgo s L M s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu o; P]gsf] cwlgdf /xl sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt b]xfosf vr{x? s L ug{ kfpg]5 M -s_ ;f] cfojif{df epsf, -v_ ;f] JolQmaf6 epsf, / -u_ Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 cfo cfh{g x'g] sfo{df epsf.!$= Aofh s L M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfosf] u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu ;f] JolQmsf] Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 cfo cfh{g x'g] sfo{sf nflu l;h{gf epsf]] b]xfosf] C0f bflotj cgtu{t ;f] jif{df nfu]sf ;a} Aofh s L ug{ kfpg]5 M -s_ s'g} /sd C0f lnp afkt ;f] C0f bflotj l;h{gf epsf]df ;f] /sd ;f]xl jif{ k of]u ul/psf] jf ;f] jif{df k of]u ul/psf s'g} ;DklQ vl/b ug{ k of]u ul/psf], jf -v_ cgo s'g} cj:yfdf ;f] C0f bflotj l;h{gf x'g upsf]. ========================= -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfåf/f lgolgqt afl;gbf lgsfon] s'g} cfo jif{df lgogq0f ug]{ JolQm jf ;Da4 JolQmnfO{ Jofh e'qmfgl u/]df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s L ug{ kfpg] To:tf] Jofh /sd b]xfosf /sdx sf] hddf egbf a9l x'g]5}g M cfly{s 4f/f lemlspsf]. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 29

30 -s_ ;f] lgsfosf] s/of]uo cfosf] u0fgfdf ;dfj]z ul/g] ;f] jif{df k fkt u/]sf] ;a} Aofh /sd, / -v_ ;f] lgsfoaf6 k fkt ul/psf] s'g} Aofh ;dfj]z gu/l jf ;f] lgsfoaf6 a' fopsf] s'g} Aofh s L gu/l u0fgf ul/psf] ;f] lgsfosf] ;f] jif{sf] ;dfof]lht s/of]uo cfosf] krf; k ltzt /sd. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s L ug{ glbpsf] jf gul/psf] s'g} AofhnfO{ cufdl cfo jif{df lhdd]jf/l ;fg{ / vr{ epsf] b]vfpg kfpg]5. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu s'g} cfo jif{sf] nflu æs/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yf f/f lgolgqt afl;gbf lgsfoæ eggfn] ;f] jif{df afl;gbf lgsfo eo{ ;f] afl;gbf lgsfodf ;f] jif{sf] s'g} ;dodf b]xfosf JolQm jf ;+:yfx?sf] krrl; k ltzt jf ;f]egbf a9l lglxt :jfldtj jf lgogq0f /x]sf] lgsfo ;D g' k5{. -s_ s/ 5'6 kfpg] ;+:yf / ;f] ;+u ;Da4 JolQm, -v_ ;f] jif{df bkmf!! adf]lhd s/ 5'6 kfpg] JolQm jf To:tf] JolQm;+u ;Da4 JolQm, -u_ u}/ afl;gbf JolQm jf u}/ afl;gbf JolQm;+u ;Da4 JolQm, jf -3_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ df plnnlvt JolQmx?sf] s'g} ;+of]hg.!%= Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfutsf] vr{ s L M -!_ s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;foaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf nflu ;f] jif{df ;f] JolQmsf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] lg;u{sf ;DaGwdf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd u0fgf ul/psf] nfutsf] vr{ s L -PnfpG;_ afx]s cgo s'g} klg vr{ s L ug{ kfpg]5}g. -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] nfutsf] vr{ s Lsf] u0fgf b]xfo adf]lhd v08 -s_ sf] /sdaf6 v08 -v_ sf] /sd 36fO{ ug{' kg]{5 M 30

31 -s_ s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] z'? d"nodf ;f] jif{df ;f] Joj;foaf6 k fkt ul/psf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut hf]8l x'g] /sd, -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] clgtd d"nosf] /sd. -#_ s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] z'? d"no ut cfo jif{sf] cgtosf] ;f] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] clgtd d"no x'g]5. -$_ b]xfodf plnnlvt /sd dwo] h'g 36L x'g5 To;nfO{ ;f] cfo jif{sf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] clgtd d"no dfgg' kg]{5 M -s_ ;f] cfo jif{sf] cgtosf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut, jf -v_ ;f] cfo jif{sf] cgtosf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] ahf/ d"no. -%_ s'g} JolQmn] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfutsf] u0fgf ubf{ bkmf $% / pkbkmf -^_ sf] cwlgdf /xl b]xfo adf]lhd ug{' kg]{5 M -s_ Joj;fosf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ gub cfwf/df n]vf /fvg] AolQmsf] xsdf k/n nfut jf vkt nfutsf] tl/sf k of]u u/]/, / -v_ Joj;fosf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ Pqm'cn cfwf/df n]vf /fvg] JolQmsf] xsdf vkt nfutsf] tl/sf k of]u u/]/. -^_ s'g} JolQmsf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/ df}hbft oslg ug{ g;lsg] epdf ;f] JolQmn] klxnf] k flkt klxnf] lg:sfzg tl/sf jf efl/t cf};t nfut tl/sfaf6 Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut u0fgf ug{ 5gf}6 ug{ ;Sg]5. -&_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf] tl/sfn] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 31

32 -s_ vkt nfut tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf ubf{ n]vfsf] ;j{dfgo l; fgt cgtu{t k ToIf ;fdu L nfut, k ToIf >d nfut / sf/vfgfsf] lz/f]ef/ nfutsf] of]u a/fa/ x'g] u/l Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut u0fgf ug]{. -v_ k/n nfut tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf ubf{ n]vfsf] ;j{dfgo l; fgt cgtu{t k ToIf ;fdu L nfut, k ToIf >d nfut / sf/vfgfsf] kl/jt{gzln lz/f]ef/ nfutsf] of]u a/fa/ x'g] u/l Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut u0fgf ug{]. -*_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] nfut u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf] tl/sfn] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ efl/t cf};t nfut tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf ubf{ n]vfsf] ;j{dfgo l;4fgt cgtu{t Joj;fodf /x]sf pxl lsl;dsf ;a} Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] efl/t cf};t nfutsf] cfwf/df u0fgf ug]{. -v_ klxnf] k flkt klxnf] lgisfzg tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf ubf{ n]vfsf] ;j{dfgo l; fgt cgtu{t klxn] k fkt epsf] Jofkf/ df}hbft klxn] g} lg;u{ x'g5 egg] cfwf/df u0fgf ug]{. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu, -s_ æk ToIf >d nfutæ eggfn] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] ptkfbg;+u k ToIf?kdf ;DalGwt >d nfut ;D g' k5{. -v_ æk ToIf ;fdu L nfutæ eggfn] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] clegg cësf]?kdf epsf] jf x'g] ;fdu Lsf] nfut ;D g' k5{. -u_ æsf/vfgfsf] lz/f]ef/ nfutæ eggfn] k ToIf >d / k ToIf ;fdu L nfut afx]s Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] ptkfbg ug{ nfu]sf] s"n nfut ;D g' k5{. t/ sf/vfgfsf] lz/f]ef/ nfutdf dd{t tyf ;'wf/ / x f; s L jfktsf] s'g} /sd ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g. 32

33 -3_ ækl/jt{gzln sf/vfgf lz/f]ef/ nfutæ eggfn] Jofkf/ df}hbftsf] ptkflbt kl/df0fsf] kl/jt{g;+u} k ToIf?kdf kl/jt{g x'g] sf/vfgf lz/f]ef/ nfut ;D g' k5{. t/ kl/jt{gzln sf/vfgf lz/f]ef/ nfutdf dd{t tyf ;'wf/ / x f; s L jfktsf] s'g} /sd ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g.!^= dd{t tyf ;'wf/ vr{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo jf nufglsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ ;f] Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 cfo cfh{g ug{ ;f] jif{df :jfldtj epsf] / k of]u ul/psf] x f;of]uo ;DklQsf] dd{t jf ;'wf/ ubf{ epsf] ;a} vr{x? s L ug{ kfpg]5. -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd ug{ kfpg] vr{ s L ubf{ ;f] cfo jif{sf] cgtodf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] ;d"xsf] x f; cfwf/ /sdsf] ;ft k ltztegbf a9l x'g] 5}g. t/ xjfo{ oftfoft ;]jf pknaw u/fpg] JolQmn] g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k flws/0fn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd xjfo{hxfhsf] k"0f{ k/lif0f ubf{ nfu]sf] dd{t ;Def/ vr{df of] ;Ldf nfu" x'g] 5}g. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;Ldfsf] kl/0ffd :j?k s L ug{ gkfog] dd{t tyf ;'wf/ jfkt s'g} clws vr{ jf ;f]sf] efu cfufdl cfojif{sf] z'?df ;DalGwt ;DklQsf] ;d"xsf] x f; cfwf/ /sddf hf]8\g kfpg]5.!&= k b"if0f lgogq0f vr{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;foaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu ;f] jif{df ;f] Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{df vr{ u/]sf] xb ;Ddsf] k b"if0f lgogq0f vr{ s L ug{ kfpg]5. -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} cfo jif{df ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd s f ug{ kfpg] vr{sf] ;Ldf u0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmaf6 ;~rflnt ;a} Joj;fosf] ;dfof]lht s/of]uo cfosf] krf; k ltztegbf a9l x'g] 5}g. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 33

34 -#_ pkbkmf df plnnlvt ;LdfeGbf a9l s L ug{ gkfog] clws vr{ jf ;f]sf] efunfo{ cfufdl cfojif{sf] z'?df k"fhls/0f u/l adf]lhd x f; s L ug{ ;Sg]5. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu æk b"if0f lgogq0f vr{æ eggfn] k b"if0f lgogq0f ug]{ jf cgo?kdf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ug]{ jf hf]ufo{ /fvg] p4]zosf] nflu s'g} k lqmof;+u ;DalGwt s'g} JolQmaf6 ul/psf] vr{ ;D g' k5{.!*= cg';gwfg / ljsf; vr{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;foaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu ;f] jif{df ;f] Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{df vr{ u/]sf] xb ;Ddsf] cg';gwfg / ljsf; vr{ s L ug{ kfpg]5. -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} cfo jif{df ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd s f ug{ kfpg] vr{sf] ;Ldf u0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmaf6 ;~rflnt ;a} Joj;fosf] ;dfof]lht s/of]uo cfosf] krf; k ltztegbf a9l x'g] 5}g. -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df plnnlvt ;LdfeGbf a9l s L ug{ gkfog] s'g} clws vr{ jf ;f]sf] s'g} efunfo{ cfufdl cfojif{sf] z'?df k"fhls/0f u/l adf]lhd x f; s L ug{ ;Sg]5. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu æcg';gwfg / ljsf; vr{æ eggfn] s'g} JolQmaf6 lghsf] Joj;fosf] ljsf; ug]{ / Jofkfl/s ptkfbg jf k lqmofsf] ;'wf/ ug]{ p2]zoaf6 ul/psf] vr{ ;D g' k5{. t/ o:tf] vr{df sf] bkmf! sf] pkbkmf -#_ df plnnlvt s'g} klg ;DklQ k fkt ubf{sf] nfut ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g.!(= x f;s L vr{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu ;f] Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 ;f] JolQmsf] cfo cfh{g ug{ ;f] jif{df cfˆgf] :jfldtjdf /xl k of]u u/]sf] x f;of]uo ;DklQsf] x f; ep afkt adf]lhd x f; vr{ s L ug'{kg]{5. cfly{s 4f/f yk. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 34

35 pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs k'jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng u/l g]kfn ;/sf/nfo{ x:tfgt/0f ug]{ cfof]hgfx? / lab't u[x lgdf{0f, ptkfbg / k ;f/0f ug]{ cfof]hgfx?df h8fg epsf ;+ogqx?, pks/0fx?, / cgo d]lzg/lx?sf] x f; s L ;DaGwdf lgdg cg';f/ x'g]5. -s_ ;flasdf h8fg eo{ /x]sf ;+ogqx?, pks/0fx? / cgo d]lzg/lx? k"/fgf] jf hl0f{ eo{ sfd gnfug] x'g uo{ ;f]sf] ;6[f goff ;+ogqx?, pks/0fx? / cgo d]lzg/lx? h8fg ug'{ kg]{ epdf o;/l h8fg u/]sf] cfo jif{df ;flasdf h8fg epsf k"/fgf] jf lh0f{ eo{ sfd gnfug] ;DklQsf] nfutaf6 ;f] cfojif{;ddsf] x f; s L 36fpFbf affsl x'g] d"no vr{sf]?kdf s L ug{ kfpg]5. -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd km]l/psf k'/fgf ;DklQ afx]ssf cgo ;DklQx?sf ;DaGwdf ;f] lgsfon] To:tf cfof]hgf g]kfn ;/sf/nfo{ x:tfgt/0f ug]{ ;dodf ;f] ;DklQsf] nfutaf6 x:tfgt/0f x'g] cfojif{;ddsf] x f; s L 36fpFbf d"no affsl /xg cfpdf To:tf] affsl d"no vr{sf]?kdf s L ug{ Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 gf]s;fgl M -!_s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] gf]s;fgl s L ug{ kfpg]5 M -s_ ;f] JolQmn] cgo s'g} Joj;foaf6 Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] ;f] jif{sf] s'g} s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl, / -v_ ;f] JolQmn] s'g} Joj;foaf6 Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] ljut ;ft cfo jif{x sf] s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl. cfly{s 4f/f ;+zf]lwt. 35

36 t/ ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng u/l g]kfn ;/sf/nfo{ x:tfgt/0f ug]{ cfof]hgfx, ljb't u[x lgdf{0f, ptkfbg / k zf/0f ug]{ cfof]hgfx / g]kfn k]6«f]lnod adf]lhd k]6«f]lnod sfo{ ug]{ lgsfosf] xsdf ljut afx«jif{sf] s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl. -@_ ================= -#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] clwgdf /xl ;f] pkbkmfx?sf] k of]hgsf nflu s'g} JolQmn] ljb]zl ; f]tsf ;DaGwdf Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl ;f] JolQmsf] ljb]zl ; f]taf6 epsf] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ dfq s L ug{ kfpg]5 / s'g} s/ gnfug] cfo k fkt ubf{ epsf] s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl ;f] JolQmsf] s/ gnfug] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ dfq s L ug{ kfpg]5. -$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] clwgdf /xl s'g} JolQmsf] Joj;fosf] cgt/f{li6«o :t/df k lt:kwf{ u/l k fkt u/]sf] bl3{sfnlg s/f/ k"/f epsf] jf cgo s'g}?kdf lg;u{ ul/psf] cfo jif{df ;f] JolQmn] gf]s;fgl Joxf]g'{ k/]df jf pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd lhdd]jf/l ;f/l cfufdl jif{df Nofpg kfpg] s'g} s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl] bl3{sfnlg s/f/;+u ;DalGwt epdf ljefun] lnlvt ;"rgf lbp/ ;f] gf]s;fgl b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 M -s_ ljutsf] cfo jif{ jf jif{x?df k5fl8 ;f/l n}hfg kfpg], / -v_ ;f] jif{ jf jif{x?df ;f] bl3{sfnlg s/f/;+u ;DalGwt Joj;fosf] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ cfotkm{ ;dfj]z x'g] /sdx? vr{tkm{ ;dfj]z x'g] /sdx? egbf a9l ep hltsf] xb;dd dfq s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl dfgg kfpg]. -%_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] b]xfosf] gf]s;fgl ;f] JolQmsf] bl3{sfnlg s/f/ jf s/f/x?;+u ;DalGwt /x]sf] dfgl aff8kmff8 ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ Joj;fo;+u ;DalGwt bl3{sfnlg s/f/ jf s/f/x?af6 epsf] gf]s;fgl, / cfly{s 4f/f lemlspsf]. 36

37 -v_ To:tf k To]s s/f/sf nflu ;f] s/f/;+u ;DalGwt jif{df ;f] Joj;foaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ s L ul/g] vr{x? ;f] s/f/;+u ;DalGwt ;dfj]z ul/g] /sdegbf a9l epsf] gf]s;fgl. -^_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df PseGbf a9l Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmn] s L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fgl PseGbf a9l Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 s L ug{ kfpg] epdf ;f] JolQmn] ;f] gf]s;fgl jf gf]s;fglsf] c+z s L ug{] Joj;fo jf nufglsf] k fyldstf cfkm} lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5. -&_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] gf]s;fglsf] u0fgf ubf{ o; bkmfsf] k of]u gu/l ;f] JolQmsf] Joj;fo jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g] /sdx? egbf s L ul/g] /sdx? a9l ep o;/l a9l ep hltsf] /sdsf] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5. :ki6ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k of]hgsf] nflu æs L x'g gkfpsf] gf]s;fglæ eggfn] pkbkmf -!_, -@_ jf -$_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQmsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{ s L gul/psf] xb;ddsf] gf]s;fgl ;D g' k5{. -*_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df Joj;fo jf nufglsf] cfodf k"0f{ s/ 5'6 k fkt u/]sf] ep To:tf] cfo jif{df epsf] gf]s;fgl cfufdl cfo jif{df ;f/l n}hfg -Sof/L km/jf8{_ kfpg] s L ug{ gkfpg] vr{ M -!_ o; P]gdf cgoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvpsf] ep tfklg s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} Joj;fo, /f]huf/l jf nufglaf6 epsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf] vr{ jf /sd s L ug{ kfog] 5}g M -s_ 3/]n' jf JolQmut k s[ltsf vr{, -v_ o; P]g adf]lhd a' fpg' kg]{ s/ / s'g} b]zsf] ;/sf/ tyf ;f]sf] s'g} klg :yfglo lgsfonfo{ s'g} sfg"g jf ;f] sfg"g cgtu{t ag]sf] s'g} lgod, ljlgodsf] pnn+3g u/] afkt a' fopsf] hl/jfgf / o:t} cgo z'ns, cfly{s 4f/f yk. 37