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14 $*.)*7 T%? 67!(&% )) -%*<% BEL )+G +%)7 T% 40/?/ -+1 '+?! N,!)= &% */ ' N1 #$1 '+ TG.V=( 4G.( eh :1389 :!&Q ),G.) 67 Ä O -,( W5\ W@1-7 7.CL )H 11/3?! P=% & ) ) -+1 :KQ -+1 $,8 y+y +41 7^ Q1 I@ '+,(.(Space War, 2010))=7%!+ a)% & E% Pn% < -+1 $* -7 ) -84% % -+1 Pn% )+1 \*% - -@*8!(/ '40 2 & EG1!(67 V N 2 y+y *VÇEQ,( -7 L*-.% O)@ ~n% ' J(B)( -+1!(.<% ;1-7!-@*5"!(7G :)Q% -8 a& P=,D 946% 40/?/ -+1 -%*<%!T% q,( -4Q ah &<K/!?7%!+1 -<F=%.(CIS, 2012))! K=% a\@ W8%?! I@ 1998 N1 ;* - ) J#\ ]-3 )<3 -,! _C -EÜ0% :% (U \*% =L V % ~ OG% $ -*V+5*+%!(_C.1 S 2/ OG!V+5*+% 40=% 5X!$,8 : 67-1 / 1 -@*8-1 06* - 5=% !T% - OG V*V>!41!-+*+ 4G ) $ 1992 N1 ' O%L & -+1 V=(,( %&#(.)6* S 2/ OG - 5=% j)+1 B[ - ^ $ :)* 27 XK* 5X!$,8 / D [<% Np :(-*1 K=% ap+e@ 7 D '+KD^%.)% -=% S 2/ OG! N1!(.)/ > -7 1 ' N 1.)=40* 2 $*!(!& &<K/ (o ^!(7G - _V* å)+1* -5+4* -! $!1 & -"= 8 (o.1 ' 1! & y O%L V=(,( )*"* 7 :)* 2) al veh!(q KQ 06*

15 ,, +* ) OG $8 $!V+5*+% ah ' -.)*) I<1 ÖL 7.)6* E,L S 2/ i0=+% 2Q ÉCFH -!(_C < )+7m 1994 N1 y J & y - S 2/ veh )= & OH -6/=% ' OG!!",( +=% %&1 % =%!X!(.<% -@*8 ah- ;< $ -4@D.) -4ZQ!=7-4 =4%!(Q KQ 5X!$,8 Dp zx=% S 2/ +\n ' 2)=,* :#( \F<% 1-4)* (Q KQ )*!+hm #+<40% ah- %. % ;< $* 27 ) "% -0* :-+1 & O"64% i0=+% 2Q 1 -> Q.)*2 +n :0+* & - -6/=% ' OG!41 6(.)/ -"= 0" D j)=*% [<% :*5X O % & T\!V+5*+% EL :P/.,$% J<* -+1 S 2/ -6/=%!V+5*+% %m% zk4% -7 4G!67 ä+( 76% N@/ - ng :)*% XK* 2&G &<K/!",( &<K/ -+1 )(% -7*%&.@* -<F=% :1 -+1!-<F=% 2V8 J(7 W8% -+1.) )( l* #7 -<F=% TG :) -4.(Pourshykhian, 2011, p. 5)1 &<K/ )*.)=7,* O,L P=% 1 td^% P=% 1 = -+1 E% P=% o1 QP/ * =\ 2) ÉF%!A* ]>> "E :O+D '+,( -.)=7%.)/ $8 vf1 -<F=% _E% P=%! -7 K\ - +41! O<% \*% - 4G - )*% :) 2-7 -*Q,( O<% )*,*. O)@ 5X!$,8 2`- &<K/ -<F=% J(B)(.)==7!)8 k4l *& -*> -.)/ -+1 2&@% $= - >!+0!(O"6% T "% OE,D '+.A*.)5 i,7 OE,D'+.A* V& 1 & ) >* - j)* "% KD^% V& 1 - i,7 - ng )=40( P=% 7 -=+6+ N@*- (67

16 .)= 1!4Q? \K=% - -"= V%. )=(^* EE,D'+.A*?Q7 'EH 4\=H!(-=+%& &! j1 2 -*Q'+,(?+* ' P=H!&1*! "%!",(! 1 M!RD=" )=%&+* '.1-4Q!(2$ -=+%& ' w & 2 ]M -!+0!(&+4% (67 = -7!-A*.1 '++@ O/ QP/* -A* o1?+* -+1 O,L - -8 B)( ' - 1! )=40( P=%!&1 -=+6+ OE,D'+.A*.)=8% 2$!? ( & a)/ N- +O -V : +8 =9T +T4 J 2#3 _>=^F :(1381)'+0G ), % :!6.1.l=8 DL 2 2)"6* :$ *!?+41 -FE1 :-+1!@( ;!41!(JD>»:(1390)EL :!)+%.2 2, :.$> N1 :EE,D '+ DL a\df%?7% : :«1 Q O,L.43-64eH :8 ç> : J ) NO 4, :(1389)!&Q &=$%.$ :),G +%.3.y%/ C ) >`O :«-+1 % %C1 O%L» :(1376))*0"D :V==V eh :17 2, :2#3 C ) >`O :«-+1!@(!41+1 (" *@%» :(1379)H* :!%L K<h eh :29 2, :2#3 a=": =:, +8 =9T +T4 J :(1384)), %+% :K1 ÄG.6.-8 a& a64* ç>?7% :EE,D'+ 1+1 a\df% 4 : )2 + ) 0 :«- =J<*!A*!"» :(1378)NC8 :!&+ *<( eh j142-41!(2, :,`3 1 & -4Q :d :«-+1 ; 40+>» :(1389/10/5)!)$% :=1.8.(1390/5/ \8% ) <

17 ,, +* ).-8 a& :$ :Ze //T 0 1E J :(1383)'+0G :2&t+1.9!?7%! /!",(!(-=+%&»:(1390)*@+ #AL ( :FL.10 :.$> N1 :EE,D'+ DL a\df%?7% : :«i+4+eyr ]>> eh :8 2, )- +0;* -)f ) =/O M- )=: 0/ f>? :(1383)-$D :b el Ñ<G 2)"6* a64* :$ :( +8 =9T 1+1 a\df% 4 :$ :) =/O, J=D@ J :(1385) -$D :b7.12.ee,d'+.,1 :$ :. ç> : C, J=D@ J :(1389) -$D :b7.13 X= f9e :«V (V* %C1!$,8 =8 &<K/» :(1389)-$D :b7.$ 2V6* 1+1.EL Ñ<G 2)"6* : #$* : +``\: J<*. irdiplom1 & -4Q :«ZQ -7 D1 -+1» :-$D :b7.15.(1390/2/27 1 & -4Q) <acy.ir/fa/news/60 ) >Ò :«-*+% ) "» :(1384)-4 :.)<% eh :50 2, :2#3 C ) >Ò :«J<* 1 :&<K/!?7%!+1.C1» :(1376)o@L :"E% eh :17 2, :#6 N1 :2#3 C caspian. 1 & -4Q :«? 7 ))8!(Q)+q+» :o@l :"E%.18.(1390/1/ \8% ) <studies.com ; -01 % EE,D'+ 1+1 a\df% 4 946% Q?+%» :(1384))+\1 :0+K* eh :50 2, :2#3 C ) >Ò :«"0% OE,D'+.14 +>;* -Z 1. Bayulgen, Oksan(2009), Caspian Energy Wealth Social Impacts and Implications for Regional Stability In: A. E. Wooden, & C. H. Stefes, The Politics of Transition in Centeral Asia and the Caucasus, London: Routledge, pp Benigsen, Alexander(1980), Soviet Muslim and the World of Islam, Problems of Communism, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp CIS (2012), The Agreement Between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan about Settlement of Mutual Financial Questions, Available at: (accessed on 4/10/2012).

18 4.G E(2012), Violence Flares on the Georgian-Russian Border, Available at: (accessed on 4/10/2012). 5. Klatt, Martin(1994), Russians in the Near Abroad, RFE/RL Research Report, Vol. 3, No. 32, pp Laumlin, Murta(2006), Gasprom as a Transational Corporation and Central Asia and the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Caucasus, Vol. 42, No. 6, pp Netnative(2012), Iran's Changing Perspectives & Policies on the Caspian Sea, Available at: (accessed on 2/11/2012). 8. Oliker,Olega (2009), Russian Foreign Policy, Sources and Implications, RAND. 9. Robert O. Freedman(2000), Russian-Iranian Relations In The1990s,.Journal.Vol. 4, No. 2, pp Omelicheva, Mariya Y(2009), Russia s Counterterrorism Policy: Variations on an Imperial Theme, Terrorism Research Initiative, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp Pourshykhian A.R (2011), Legal Regime of Caspian Sea: Condominium, Divis ion, or Continuation of Multilateral Cooperation, Geographical Landscape Studies), Vol. 6, No. 15, Available at: (accessed on 8/11/2012). 12. Space War(May 26, 2010), Russia Condemns 'Demagoguery' after Ahmadineja Criticism, Available at: on 2 / 4/2011).#

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